Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserinde Anaplastik Lenfoma Kinaz Gen Yeniden Düzenlemelerinin Önemi

Abstract

Tedavi alanındaki tüm gelişmelere rağmen, akciğer kanseri hala tüm dünyada kanserle ilişkili ölüm nedenlerinin başında gelmektedir. Etyolojisinde sigaranın yanı sıra çevresel, mesleksel ve genetik faktörler rol oynamaktadır. Akciğer kanserleri genellikle kü- çük hücreli akciğer kanseri (KHAK) ve küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri (KHDAK) olmak üzere iki ana histolojik tipe ayrılır. Tüm akciğer kanserlerinin yaklaşık %85’ini oluşturan KHDAK’inde bir- çok gen anomalisi saptanır. Anaplastik lenfoma kinaz (ALK) geni insülin reseptör tirozin kinaz süper ailesinin bir üyesidir. ALK geni akciğer kanseri, lenfoma gibi çeşitli malignitelerde füsyon protein oluşumuna yol açan translokasyonlara dahil olur. Bu derlemede KHDAK’inde görülen ALK yeniden düzenlenmelerine ait son literatür gözden geçirilecektir.

Keywords

• akciğer kanseri; küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri; ALK geni; gen yeniden düzenlenmeleri; EML4/ALK füzyon

Importance of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Gene Re-arrangements on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Despite all improvements in treatment modalities, lung cancer is the leading cause of death related to cancers worldwide. Environmental, occupational and genetic factors, as well as smoking play role in the etiology. Lung cancers are generally divided into two main histologic categories: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several gene aberrations are detected in NSCLC, which constitute approximately 85% of all lung cancers. The Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene is a member of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase super family. ALK gene involves with translocation those results in formation of fusion protein in various malignancies such as lung cancer and lymphoma. In this article, latest literature regarding re-arrangement of ALK seen in NSCLC will be reviewed.

Keywords

• lung cancer; non-small cell lung cancer; ALK gene; gene rearrangements; EML4/ALK fusion

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