Research Article
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The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars

Year 2018, Yıl: 2018 Sayı: 1, 39 - 44, 01.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2017.39259

Abstract

Aim: To describe the common causes of visual impairment and blindness in an elderly population in the province of Kars. 
Material and Method: The study design was cross-sectional and observational. A total of 1820 women and men were successfully enumerated and recruited for the study. All selected subjects were interviewed and underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations. Visual impairment was defined as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) worse than 20/40 and better than 20/200. Blindness was defined as a BCVA of 20/200 or worse in the better eye. 
Results: The most frequent ophthalmologic disabilities were cataract (40.44%) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (17.75%). We identified 291 subjects (173 women, 118 men) who were visually impaired in at least one eye with mean age of 77.22±6.17 and 381 subjects (174 women, 207 men) who were blind in at least one eye. In descending order, the causes of bilateral and unilateral blindness in geriatric patients were AMD and cataract. 
Conclusion: This study may help to determine possible precautions by identifying the common causes of visual impairment and blindness in the elderly population in the northeast Anatolia region, specifically Kars.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. World Health Statistics 2009. Geneva, Switzerland: World Press; 2009:10–12.
  • 2. Turkey census 2007. The Turkish demographic health survey, http://tuikapp. tuik. gov. tr/ adnksdagitapp/ adnks. zul.
  • 3. Wang JJ, Foran S, Mitchell P. Age-specific prevalance and causes of bilateral and unilateral visual impairment in older Australians: the Blue Mountains eye study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2000;28(4):268–73.
  • 4. Buch H, Vinding T, La Cour M, Appleyard M, Jensen GB, Nielsen NV. Prevalance and causes of visual impairment and blindness among 9980 Scandinavian adults: the Copenghan City eye study. Ophthalmol 2004;111(1):53–61.
  • 5. Nowak MS, Smigielski J. The prevalence of age-related eye disesae and cataract surgery among older adults in the city of Lodz, Poland. J Ophthalmol 2015;2015:605814.
  • 6. Chylack LT Jr, Wolfe JK, Singer DM, Leske MC, Bullimore MA, Bailey IL, et al. The lens opacity classification system III. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111(6):831–6.
  • 7. Klein R, Davis MD, Magli YL, Segal P, Klein BE, Hubbard L. The Wisconsin age-related maculopathy grading system. Ophthalmol 1991;98(7):1128–34.
  • 8. Foran S, Wang JJ, Rochtchina E, Mitchell P. Projected number of Australians with visual impairment in 2000 and 2030. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2000;28(3):143–5.
  • 9. Alio JL, Abdelghany AA, Fernandez-Buenaga R. Enhancements after cataract surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2015;26(1):50– 5.
  • 10. Lindsley K, Li T, Ssemanda E, Virgili G, Dickersin K. Interventions for age-related macular degeneration: are practice guidelines based on systematic reviews? Ophthalmology 2016;123(4):884–97.
  • 11. Wolfram C, Pfeiffer N. Blindness and low vision in Germany 1993–2009. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2012;19(1):3–7.
  • 12. Khairallah M, Kahloun R, Bourne R, Limburg H, Flaxman SR, Jonas JB, et al. Number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract worldwide and in world regions, 1990 to 2010. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015;56(11):6762–9.
  • 13. Joachim ND, Mitchell P, Kifley A, Wang JJ. Incidence, progression, and associated risk factors of medium drusen in age-related macular degeneration: findings from the 15 year follow-up of an Australian cohort. JAMA Ophthalmol 2015;133(6):698–705.
  • 14. Li L, Wan XH, Zhao GH. Meta-analysis of the risk of cataract in type 2 diabetes. BMC Ophthalmol 2014(1):14:94.
  • 15. Theodoropoulou S, Samoli E, Theodossiadis PG, Papathanassiou M, Lagiou A, Lagiou P, et al. Diet and cataract: a case-control study. Int Ophthalmol 2014;34(1):59–68.
  • 16. Høeg TB, Ellervik C, Buch H, La Cour M, Klemp K, Kvetny J, et al. Danish rural eye study: epidemiology of adult visual impairment. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2016;23(1):53–62.
  • 17. Katibeh M, Pakravan M, Yaseri M, Pakbin M, Soleimanizad R. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness in central Iran; the Yazd eye study. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2015;10(3):279–85.
  • 18. Kalua K, L, ndfield R, Mtupanyama M, Mtumodzi D, Msiska V. Findings from a rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) in southern Malawi. PLoS One 2011;6(4): e19226.
  • 19. Stevens GA, White RA, Flaxman SR, Price H, Jonas JB, Keeffe J, et al. Global prevalance of vision impairment and blindness; magnitude and temporal trends, 1990–2010. Ophthalmol 2013:120(12):2377–84.
  • 20. Klein BE, Klein R, Linton KL. Prevalence of age-related lens opacities in a population: the Beaver Dam eye study. Ophthalmol 1992;99(4):546–52.
  • 21. Lundstrom M, Stenevi U, Thorburn W. The Swedish National Cataract Register: a 9-year review. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2002:80(3);248–57.
  • 22. Mitchell P, Cumming RG, Attebo K, Panchapakesan J. Prevalence of cataract in Australia: the Blue Mountains eye study. Ophthalmol 1997:104(4):581–8.
  • 23. Sharma M, Kumar D, Mangat C, Bhatia V. An epidemiological study of correlates of cataract among elderly population aged over 65 years in UT, Chandigarh. J Geriatr Gerontol 2009;4(2):1–5.
  • 24. Congdon N, West SK, Buhrmann RR, Kouzis A, Muñoz B, Mkocha H. Prevalence of the different types of age-related cataract in an African population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42(11):2478–82.
  • 25. Leske MC, Connell AM, Wu SY, Hyman L, Schachat A. Prevalence of lens opacities in the Barbados eye study. Arch Ophthalmol 1997;115(1):105–111.
  • 26. Chen X, Rong SS, Xu Q, Tang FY, Liu Y, Gu H, et al. Diabetes mellitus and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014;9(9): e108196.
  • 27. Ye H, Zhang Q, Liu X, Cai X, Yu W, Yu S, et al. Prevalance of age-related macular degeneration in an elderly urban chinese population in China: the Jiangning eye study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014:55(10);6374–80.
  • 28. Raman R, Pal SS, Ganesan S, Gella L, Vaitheeswaran K, Sharma T. The prevalence and risk factors for age-related macular degeneration in rural-urban India, Sankara Nethralaya ruralurban age-related macular degeneration study, report no 1. Eye 2016;30(5):688–97.
  • 29. Nowak MS, Smigielski J. The prevalence of age-related eye diseases and cataract surgery among older adults in the city of Lodz, Poland. J Ophthalmol 2015;2015:605814.
  • 30. Olcaysü OO, Kıvanç SA, Altun A, Cinici E, Altinkaynak H, Ceylan E. Causes of disability, low vision and blindness in old age. Turk J Geriatr 2014;17(1):44–9.

Kars Şehrindeki Yaşlı Nüfusta Görme Bozukluğu ve Körlüğün Yaygın Nedenleri

Year 2018, Yıl: 2018 Sayı: 1, 39 - 44, 01.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2017.39259

Abstract

Amaç: Kars şehrindeki yaşlı nüfusta görme bozukluğu ve körlüğün yaygın nedenlerini tanımlamak. 
Materyal ve Metot: Bu kesitsel ve gözlemsel çalışmaya toplam 1820 kadın ve erkek dahil edildi. Seçilen tüm gönüllüler ile görüşüldü ve detaylı oftalmik muayeneleri yapıldı. Görme bozukluğu, en iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği (EİDGK) 20/40’tan daha kötü ve 20/200’den daha iyi olarak tanımlandı. Körlük, EİDGK 20/200 veya daha kötü olarak tanımlandı. 
Bulgular: En sık görülen oftalmolojik özürlülük katarakt (%40,44) ve yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu (YBMD) (%17,75) idi. Yaş ortalaması 77,22±6,17 olan, en az bir gözünde görme bozukluğu bulunan 291 olgu (173 kadın, 118 erkek) ile yaş ortalaması 78,45±5,98 olan, en az bir gözünde körlük bulunan 381 olgu (174 kadın, 207 erkek) tespit edildi. Azalan sıra ile geriatrik hastalarda bilateral ve tek taraflı körlük nedenleri YBMD ve katarakt idi. 
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, Kuzeydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde, özellikle Kars’da, yaşlı nüfusta görme bozukluğu ve körlüğün yaygın nedenlerini belirleyerek olası önlemlerin belirlenmesine yardımcı olabilir.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. World Health Statistics 2009. Geneva, Switzerland: World Press; 2009:10–12.
  • 2. Turkey census 2007. The Turkish demographic health survey, http://tuikapp. tuik. gov. tr/ adnksdagitapp/ adnks. zul.
  • 3. Wang JJ, Foran S, Mitchell P. Age-specific prevalance and causes of bilateral and unilateral visual impairment in older Australians: the Blue Mountains eye study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2000;28(4):268–73.
  • 4. Buch H, Vinding T, La Cour M, Appleyard M, Jensen GB, Nielsen NV. Prevalance and causes of visual impairment and blindness among 9980 Scandinavian adults: the Copenghan City eye study. Ophthalmol 2004;111(1):53–61.
  • 5. Nowak MS, Smigielski J. The prevalence of age-related eye disesae and cataract surgery among older adults in the city of Lodz, Poland. J Ophthalmol 2015;2015:605814.
  • 6. Chylack LT Jr, Wolfe JK, Singer DM, Leske MC, Bullimore MA, Bailey IL, et al. The lens opacity classification system III. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111(6):831–6.
  • 7. Klein R, Davis MD, Magli YL, Segal P, Klein BE, Hubbard L. The Wisconsin age-related maculopathy grading system. Ophthalmol 1991;98(7):1128–34.
  • 8. Foran S, Wang JJ, Rochtchina E, Mitchell P. Projected number of Australians with visual impairment in 2000 and 2030. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2000;28(3):143–5.
  • 9. Alio JL, Abdelghany AA, Fernandez-Buenaga R. Enhancements after cataract surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2015;26(1):50– 5.
  • 10. Lindsley K, Li T, Ssemanda E, Virgili G, Dickersin K. Interventions for age-related macular degeneration: are practice guidelines based on systematic reviews? Ophthalmology 2016;123(4):884–97.
  • 11. Wolfram C, Pfeiffer N. Blindness and low vision in Germany 1993–2009. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2012;19(1):3–7.
  • 12. Khairallah M, Kahloun R, Bourne R, Limburg H, Flaxman SR, Jonas JB, et al. Number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract worldwide and in world regions, 1990 to 2010. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015;56(11):6762–9.
  • 13. Joachim ND, Mitchell P, Kifley A, Wang JJ. Incidence, progression, and associated risk factors of medium drusen in age-related macular degeneration: findings from the 15 year follow-up of an Australian cohort. JAMA Ophthalmol 2015;133(6):698–705.
  • 14. Li L, Wan XH, Zhao GH. Meta-analysis of the risk of cataract in type 2 diabetes. BMC Ophthalmol 2014(1):14:94.
  • 15. Theodoropoulou S, Samoli E, Theodossiadis PG, Papathanassiou M, Lagiou A, Lagiou P, et al. Diet and cataract: a case-control study. Int Ophthalmol 2014;34(1):59–68.
  • 16. Høeg TB, Ellervik C, Buch H, La Cour M, Klemp K, Kvetny J, et al. Danish rural eye study: epidemiology of adult visual impairment. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2016;23(1):53–62.
  • 17. Katibeh M, Pakravan M, Yaseri M, Pakbin M, Soleimanizad R. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness in central Iran; the Yazd eye study. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2015;10(3):279–85.
  • 18. Kalua K, L, ndfield R, Mtupanyama M, Mtumodzi D, Msiska V. Findings from a rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) in southern Malawi. PLoS One 2011;6(4): e19226.
  • 19. Stevens GA, White RA, Flaxman SR, Price H, Jonas JB, Keeffe J, et al. Global prevalance of vision impairment and blindness; magnitude and temporal trends, 1990–2010. Ophthalmol 2013:120(12):2377–84.
  • 20. Klein BE, Klein R, Linton KL. Prevalence of age-related lens opacities in a population: the Beaver Dam eye study. Ophthalmol 1992;99(4):546–52.
  • 21. Lundstrom M, Stenevi U, Thorburn W. The Swedish National Cataract Register: a 9-year review. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2002:80(3);248–57.
  • 22. Mitchell P, Cumming RG, Attebo K, Panchapakesan J. Prevalence of cataract in Australia: the Blue Mountains eye study. Ophthalmol 1997:104(4):581–8.
  • 23. Sharma M, Kumar D, Mangat C, Bhatia V. An epidemiological study of correlates of cataract among elderly population aged over 65 years in UT, Chandigarh. J Geriatr Gerontol 2009;4(2):1–5.
  • 24. Congdon N, West SK, Buhrmann RR, Kouzis A, Muñoz B, Mkocha H. Prevalence of the different types of age-related cataract in an African population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42(11):2478–82.
  • 25. Leske MC, Connell AM, Wu SY, Hyman L, Schachat A. Prevalence of lens opacities in the Barbados eye study. Arch Ophthalmol 1997;115(1):105–111.
  • 26. Chen X, Rong SS, Xu Q, Tang FY, Liu Y, Gu H, et al. Diabetes mellitus and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014;9(9): e108196.
  • 27. Ye H, Zhang Q, Liu X, Cai X, Yu W, Yu S, et al. Prevalance of age-related macular degeneration in an elderly urban chinese population in China: the Jiangning eye study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014:55(10);6374–80.
  • 28. Raman R, Pal SS, Ganesan S, Gella L, Vaitheeswaran K, Sharma T. The prevalence and risk factors for age-related macular degeneration in rural-urban India, Sankara Nethralaya ruralurban age-related macular degeneration study, report no 1. Eye 2016;30(5):688–97.
  • 29. Nowak MS, Smigielski J. The prevalence of age-related eye diseases and cataract surgery among older adults in the city of Lodz, Poland. J Ophthalmol 2015;2015:605814.
  • 30. Olcaysü OO, Kıvanç SA, Altun A, Cinici E, Altinkaynak H, Ceylan E. Causes of disability, low vision and blindness in old age. Turk J Geriatr 2014;17(1):44–9.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yaran Koban

Mustafa Koç This is me

Halil Hüseyin Çağatay This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Yıl: 2018 Sayı: 1

Cite

APA Koban, Y., Koç, M., & Çağatay, H. H. (2018). The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, 8(1), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2017.39259
AMA Koban Y, Koç M, Çağatay HH. The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars. KAFKAS TIP BİL DERG. April 2018;8(1):39-44. doi:10.5505/kjms.2017.39259
Chicago Koban, Yaran, Mustafa Koç, and Halil Hüseyin Çağatay. “The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 8, no. 1 (April 2018): 39-44. https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2017.39259.
EndNote Koban Y, Koç M, Çağatay HH (April 1, 2018) The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 8 1 39–44.
IEEE Y. Koban, M. Koç, and H. H. Çağatay, “The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars”, KAFKAS TIP BİL DERG, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 39–44, 2018, doi: 10.5505/kjms.2017.39259.
ISNAD Koban, Yaran et al. “The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 8/1 (April 2018), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2017.39259.
JAMA Koban Y, Koç M, Çağatay HH. The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars. KAFKAS TIP BİL DERG. 2018;8:39–44.
MLA Koban, Yaran et al. “The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 39-44, doi:10.5505/kjms.2017.39259.
Vancouver Koban Y, Koç M, Çağatay HH. The Common Cause of Visual Impairment and Blindness Among an Elderly Population in the Province of Kars. KAFKAS TIP BİL DERG. 2018;8(1):39-44.