Role of Voltage-Gate Calcium Channels in Pain Pathophysiology

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 140 - 148, 01.08.2018

Mustafa Emre

https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2018.43925

Abstract

The perception and processing of painful stimuli in afferent sensory neurons depends on the variety of voltage, ligand-gated and
receptor-controlled calcium channels, including sodium, calcium,
P2X class purinergic receptors, transient receptor potential (TRP)
channels and G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) channels. The
pathophysiology of the pain is quite complex, and the fact that,
nowadays there are some difficulties on identification of exact reason of pain, developing right therapeutic approaches and effective continuity of the approaches. Calcium channels in the afferent
pathway are thought to play a role in cell signaling beyond electrical activity. A large number of voltage-gated calcium channels are
involved in primer afferent pain signal transduction. Among the calcium channel family, N and T-type calcium channels play the most
critical role. For this reason, they have been very strongly involved
in therapeutic targets. In this review, the role of voltage-gated calcium ion channels in pain physiopathology has been reviewed.

Keywords

pain; voltage-gated calcium channels; pathophysiology

Ağrı Patofizyolojisinde Voltaj Kapılı Kalsiyum Kanallarının Rolü

Abstract

Afferent duyu nöronlarında ağrılı uyarıların algılanıp işlenilmesi,
sodyum, kalsiyum, P2X sınıfı purinerjik reseptörler, geçici reseptör
potansiyel (TRP) kanalları ve G-protein bağlı reseptör (GPCR) kanallarının dâhil olduğu voltaj, ligand kapılı ve reseptör kontrollü kalsiyum kanallarının çeşitliliğine bağlıdır. Ağrının patofizyolojisi oldukça
karmaşıktır, günümüzde ağrının nedeninin belirlenmesi, doğru tedavi
yaklaşımlarının bulunması ve uygulanan tedavilerin etkin bir şekilde
sürdürülebilmesinde zorluklar yaşandığı bir gerçektir. Afferent ağrı
yolunda yer alan kalsiyum kanallarının, hücre sinyalleşmesinde elektriksel aktivitenin de ötesinde rol üstlendiği düşünülmektedir. Primer
afferent ağrı sinyal iletiminde çok sayıda voltaj kapılı kalsiyum kanalı
yer alır. Kalsiyum kanal ailesi arasında N ve T-tipi kalsiyum kanalları
en kritik role sahiptir. Bu nedenle, çok güçlü bir şekilde terapötik
hedefler arasında yer almışlardır. Bu derlemede, ağrı fizyopatolojisin
de voltaj kapılı kalsiyum iyon kanallarının rolü gözden geçirilmiştir. 

Keywords

ağrı; voltaj kapılı kalsiyum kanalları; patofizyoloji

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