Research Article
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Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: EK-1, 7 - 15, 20.10.2025

Abstract

Aim: The research was conducted to investigate the knowledge of nursing and midwifery students studying at the faculty of health sciences of a university in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye about postpartum depression.
Material and Methods: Two hundred ninety students studying in the 3rd and 4th year nursing and midwifery departments in the 2019–2020 academic year who agreed to participate in the research constituted the sample of this descriptive study. A personal information form and a postpartum depression information form were used in data collection. The data were analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 22. Values, means, percentage frequency distributions, Kruskal-Wallis H test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used in data analysis.
Results: Of the study participants, 79.3% were nursing students, and 52.4% were studying in the 3rd year. Of the participants, 82.1% knew traditional practices related to postpartum depression, and 37.8% considered traditional practices correct. The average level of the participants’ knowledge about postpartum depression was 4.70±2.39 points. The study revealed a statistically significant difference between the averages of the nursing and midwifery students’ knowledge levels about postpartum depression and the total number of correct answers (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The awareness and correct knowledge levels of health sciences faculty students about postpartum depression were found to be inadequate. The average knowledge levels of students studying in two different departments were different. It is recommended that the education provided to students who are future healthcare professional candidates about postpartum depression be strengthened, and awareness-raising studies and practices be conducted.

References

  • 1. White JM, Klein DM, Martin TF. Family theories: an introduction, 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publications, California: United Kingdom. 2015:101–39.
  • 2. Altun HK, Kürklü NS. A systematic review on the relationship between postpartum depression and maternal vitamin D levels. Gümüşhane Univ Health Sciences Journal. 2017;6(3):164–70.
  • 3. Kurtçu A. Investigation of the knowledge and attitudes of nurses and midwives working in health centers towards postpartum depression. Cumhuriyet University Institute of Health Sciences Nursing Program, Master’s Thesis, Sivas, 2010.
  • 4. Briscoe L, Lavender T, Mc Gowan L. A concept analysis of women’s vulnerability during pregnancy birth and the postnatal period. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2016;72(10):2330–45.
  • 5. Brummelte S, Galea LA. Postpartum depression: Etiology treatment and consequences for maternal care. Hormones and Behavior. 2016;77:153–66.
  • 6. Erdem Ö, Çelepkolu T. Ö, Çelepkolu T. Risk factors and causes of postpartum depression. Turkish Journal Of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2014;8(3):93–99.
  • 7. Payne JL, Maguire J. Pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in postpartum depression. Frontiers in neuroendocrinology. 2019;52:165–180.
  • 8. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https:// psychiatryonline. org/
  • 9. Ercan Toptaner N, Aykol AS, Yılmaz A, Dişsiz M. The effect of multidimensional social support perceived in the postpartum period on women’s depression level. Journal of Health Academicians. 2024;11(4):547–55.
  • 10. Yurdakul FE, Eray İK. The relationship between mode of delivery and postpartum depressive symptoms in women. Turkish Journal of Family Practice. 2024;28(2):55–62.
  • 11. Jamshaid S, Malik NI, Ullah I, Saboor S, Arain F, De Berardis D. Postpartum depression and health: Role of perceived social support among Pakistani women. Diseases. 2023;11(2):53.
  • 12. O’Hara MW, McCabe JE. Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Anu Rev Clin Psychol. 2013;9:379–407.
  • 13. Karagöz Y. Evaluation of knowledge and practices of midwives and nurses working in family health centers about postpartum depression. Cumhuriyet University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, Master’s Thesis, Sivas, 2011.
  • 14. Aksakal T, Bilgili N. Evaluation of satisfaction with nursing services: gynecology service example. Erciyes Medical Journal. 2008;30(4):242–9.
  • 15. Işık S. Determination of Knowledge and Practices of Midwives and Nurses Working in Primary Health Care Services About Postpartum Depression. Gazi University, Master’s Thesis, Ankara, 2007.
  • 16. Eğri G, Gölbaşı Z. Traditional postnatal infantcare practices of 15–49 years old married women. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2007;6(5):313–20.
  • 17. Bolçay E. Traditions about the period before birth, after birth and childhood period. Kastamonu Education Journal. 2011;19(2):587–600.
  • 18. Kara B, Çakmaklı P, Nacak E, Türeci F. Postpartum depression. Sted. 2001;10(9):333–4.
  • 19. Mac AC, Winter HK, Bick DE, Knowles H. Effect of redesingned community postnatal care on womens’ health 4 months after birth: a cluster randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2002;359(9304):378–85.
  • 20. Bloch M, Daly RC, Rubinow DR. Endocrine factors in the etiology of postpartum depression. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2003;44(3):234–46.
  • 21. Danaci AE, Dinc G, Deveci A, Sen FS, Içelli I. Postnatal depression in Turkey: epidemiological and cultural aspects. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2003;37(3):125–9.
  • 22. Robertson E, Grace S, Wallington T, Stewart DE. Antenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a synthesis of recent literature. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2004;26(4):289–95.
  • 23. Tezel A, Gözüm S. Depressive symptoms that can be seen in women in the postpartum period and nursing care. Hacettepe University School of Nursing Journal. 2005;62–68.
  • 24. Dilbaz N, Enez A. Women and depression: Postpartum mood disorders. Türkiye Klinikleri J Int Med Sci. 2007;3(47):32–40.
  • 25. Reck C. Postpartale Depression: Postpartal depression: Possible effects on early mother-child interaction and psychotherapeutical treatment approach. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2007;56:234–44.
  • 26. Moses-Kolko EL, Wisner KL, Price JC, Berga SL, Drevets WC, Hanusa BH, et al. Serotonin 1A receptor reductions in postpartum depression: a PET study, Fertil Steril. 2008;89(3):685–92.
  • 27. Silva R, Jansen K, Souza L, Quevedo L, Barbosa L, Moraes I, et al. Sociodemographic risk factors of perinatal depression: A cohort study in the public health care system. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2012;34:143–8.
  • 28. Mathisen SE, Glavin K, Lien L, Lagerlov P. Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms in Argentina: A cross-sectional study. Int J Womens Health. 2013;5:787–93.
  • 29. Dennis CL, Dowswell T. Psychosocial and psychological interventions for preventing postpartum depression (Review) . Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;28:2.
  • 30. Schmücker-Schüßler G. Postnatal illness of mothers and their psychotherapeutic treatment. Psychologie in Österreich. 2014;5:322–31.
  • 31. Cox EQ, Stuebe A, Pearson B, Grewen K, Rubinow D, MeltzerBrody S. Oxytocin and HPA stress axis reactivity in postpartum women. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;55:164–72.
  • 2. Stewart DE, Vigod S. Postpartum depression. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:2177–86.
  • 33. Ghaedrahmati M, Kazemi A, Kheirabadi G, Ebrahimi A, Bahrami M. Postpartum depression risk factors: A narrative review. J Educ Health Promot. 2017;6:60.
  • 34. Lin YH, Chen CM, Su HM, Mu SC, Chang ML, Chu PY. Association between postpartum nutritional status and postpartum depression symptoms. Nutrients. 2019;11(6):1204.
  • 35. Tabachnic BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics. 6th Ed. United States: Pearson Education;2013.
  • 36. Işık SN, Bilgili N. Postnatal depression: Knowledge and practices of midwives and nurses, Erciyes Medical Journal. 2010;32(4):265–74.
  • 37. Noonan M, Jomeen J, Galvin R, Doody O. Survey of Midwives’ perinatal mental health knowledge, confidence, attitude and learning needs, Woman and Birth. Journal of the Australian College of Midwives. 2018;31(6):358–66.
  • 38. Mivšek AP, Hundley V, Kiger A. Slovenian midwives’ and nurses’ views on postnatal depression: an exploratory study. International Nursing Review. 2008;55:320–6.
  • 39. Junior HPOS, Gualda DMR, Hall MFAWA. Postpartum depression: The (in) experience of Brazilian primary healthcare professionals. Journal of Advance Nursing. 2012;69(6):124858.
  • 40. Kurtçu A, Gölbaşı Z. Postpartum depression: Knowledge and opinions of nurses and midwives employed in primary health care centers. FÜ Sağ Bil. Tıp Derg. 2014;28(3):93–9.
  • 41. Elshatarat RA, Yacoub MI, Saleh ZT, Ebeid IA, Abu Raddaha AH, Al-Za’areer MS, et al. Perinatal nurses’ and midwives’ knowledge about assessment and management of postpartum depression. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2018;56(12):36–46.
  • 42. Klainin P, Arthur DG. Postpartum depression in Asian cultures: A literature review. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 2009;46:1355–1373.
  • 43. Kaplan PS, Danko CM, Diaza A, Kalinka CJ. An associative learning deficit in 1-yearold infants ofdepressed mothers: role of depression duration. Infant Behav Dev. 2011;34:35–44.
  • 44. Sunay Z, Okyay EK, Gökbulut N, Uçar T. The relationship between postpartum depression and personality traits. Journal of Inonu University Vocational School of Health Services. 2021;9(1):219–29.
  • 45. Başer DA. Evaluation of the relationship between postpartum depression and breastfeeding. Ankara Medical Journal. 2018;18(3):276–85.
  • 46. Atilla R, Mucuk S. Postpartum depression screening and treatment approaches of health personnel working in primary health care services. Journal of Health Sciences. 2018;27:18691.
  • 47. Işık MT, Akçınar M, Kadıoğlu S. Traditional practices for mother and newborn during pregnancy, birth and maternity in Mersin province. International Journal of Human Sciences. 2010;7(1):63–84.
  • 48. Jones CJ, Creedy DK, Gamble JA. Australian midwives knowledge of antenatal and postpartum depression: a national survey. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2011;56(4):353–61.
  • 49. Swami V, Barron D, Smith L, Furnham A. Mental health literacy of maternal and paternal postnatal (postpartum) depression in British adults. Journal of Mental Health. 2020;29(2):217–24.
  • 50. Çakırer ÇN, Gönenç İM, Topuz N. Traditional beliefs and practices of women from the preconceptional period to the postpartum period. HSP. 2019;6(2):237–46.
  • 51. Yeşilçınar İ, Şahin E, Mercan D. Investigation of the relationship between health literacy of women in the postpartum period and their resort to traditional practices. TJFMPC. 2021;15(3):594601.

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: EK-1, 7 - 15, 20.10.2025

Abstract

References

  • 1. White JM, Klein DM, Martin TF. Family theories: an introduction, 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publications, California: United Kingdom. 2015:101–39.
  • 2. Altun HK, Kürklü NS. A systematic review on the relationship between postpartum depression and maternal vitamin D levels. Gümüşhane Univ Health Sciences Journal. 2017;6(3):164–70.
  • 3. Kurtçu A. Investigation of the knowledge and attitudes of nurses and midwives working in health centers towards postpartum depression. Cumhuriyet University Institute of Health Sciences Nursing Program, Master’s Thesis, Sivas, 2010.
  • 4. Briscoe L, Lavender T, Mc Gowan L. A concept analysis of women’s vulnerability during pregnancy birth and the postnatal period. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2016;72(10):2330–45.
  • 5. Brummelte S, Galea LA. Postpartum depression: Etiology treatment and consequences for maternal care. Hormones and Behavior. 2016;77:153–66.
  • 6. Erdem Ö, Çelepkolu T. Ö, Çelepkolu T. Risk factors and causes of postpartum depression. Turkish Journal Of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2014;8(3):93–99.
  • 7. Payne JL, Maguire J. Pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in postpartum depression. Frontiers in neuroendocrinology. 2019;52:165–180.
  • 8. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https:// psychiatryonline. org/
  • 9. Ercan Toptaner N, Aykol AS, Yılmaz A, Dişsiz M. The effect of multidimensional social support perceived in the postpartum period on women’s depression level. Journal of Health Academicians. 2024;11(4):547–55.
  • 10. Yurdakul FE, Eray İK. The relationship between mode of delivery and postpartum depressive symptoms in women. Turkish Journal of Family Practice. 2024;28(2):55–62.
  • 11. Jamshaid S, Malik NI, Ullah I, Saboor S, Arain F, De Berardis D. Postpartum depression and health: Role of perceived social support among Pakistani women. Diseases. 2023;11(2):53.
  • 12. O’Hara MW, McCabe JE. Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Anu Rev Clin Psychol. 2013;9:379–407.
  • 13. Karagöz Y. Evaluation of knowledge and practices of midwives and nurses working in family health centers about postpartum depression. Cumhuriyet University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, Master’s Thesis, Sivas, 2011.
  • 14. Aksakal T, Bilgili N. Evaluation of satisfaction with nursing services: gynecology service example. Erciyes Medical Journal. 2008;30(4):242–9.
  • 15. Işık S. Determination of Knowledge and Practices of Midwives and Nurses Working in Primary Health Care Services About Postpartum Depression. Gazi University, Master’s Thesis, Ankara, 2007.
  • 16. Eğri G, Gölbaşı Z. Traditional postnatal infantcare practices of 15–49 years old married women. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2007;6(5):313–20.
  • 17. Bolçay E. Traditions about the period before birth, after birth and childhood period. Kastamonu Education Journal. 2011;19(2):587–600.
  • 18. Kara B, Çakmaklı P, Nacak E, Türeci F. Postpartum depression. Sted. 2001;10(9):333–4.
  • 19. Mac AC, Winter HK, Bick DE, Knowles H. Effect of redesingned community postnatal care on womens’ health 4 months after birth: a cluster randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2002;359(9304):378–85.
  • 20. Bloch M, Daly RC, Rubinow DR. Endocrine factors in the etiology of postpartum depression. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2003;44(3):234–46.
  • 21. Danaci AE, Dinc G, Deveci A, Sen FS, Içelli I. Postnatal depression in Turkey: epidemiological and cultural aspects. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2003;37(3):125–9.
  • 22. Robertson E, Grace S, Wallington T, Stewart DE. Antenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a synthesis of recent literature. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2004;26(4):289–95.
  • 23. Tezel A, Gözüm S. Depressive symptoms that can be seen in women in the postpartum period and nursing care. Hacettepe University School of Nursing Journal. 2005;62–68.
  • 24. Dilbaz N, Enez A. Women and depression: Postpartum mood disorders. Türkiye Klinikleri J Int Med Sci. 2007;3(47):32–40.
  • 25. Reck C. Postpartale Depression: Postpartal depression: Possible effects on early mother-child interaction and psychotherapeutical treatment approach. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2007;56:234–44.
  • 26. Moses-Kolko EL, Wisner KL, Price JC, Berga SL, Drevets WC, Hanusa BH, et al. Serotonin 1A receptor reductions in postpartum depression: a PET study, Fertil Steril. 2008;89(3):685–92.
  • 27. Silva R, Jansen K, Souza L, Quevedo L, Barbosa L, Moraes I, et al. Sociodemographic risk factors of perinatal depression: A cohort study in the public health care system. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2012;34:143–8.
  • 28. Mathisen SE, Glavin K, Lien L, Lagerlov P. Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms in Argentina: A cross-sectional study. Int J Womens Health. 2013;5:787–93.
  • 29. Dennis CL, Dowswell T. Psychosocial and psychological interventions for preventing postpartum depression (Review) . Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;28:2.
  • 30. Schmücker-Schüßler G. Postnatal illness of mothers and their psychotherapeutic treatment. Psychologie in Österreich. 2014;5:322–31.
  • 31. Cox EQ, Stuebe A, Pearson B, Grewen K, Rubinow D, MeltzerBrody S. Oxytocin and HPA stress axis reactivity in postpartum women. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;55:164–72.
  • 2. Stewart DE, Vigod S. Postpartum depression. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:2177–86.
  • 33. Ghaedrahmati M, Kazemi A, Kheirabadi G, Ebrahimi A, Bahrami M. Postpartum depression risk factors: A narrative review. J Educ Health Promot. 2017;6:60.
  • 34. Lin YH, Chen CM, Su HM, Mu SC, Chang ML, Chu PY. Association between postpartum nutritional status and postpartum depression symptoms. Nutrients. 2019;11(6):1204.
  • 35. Tabachnic BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics. 6th Ed. United States: Pearson Education;2013.
  • 36. Işık SN, Bilgili N. Postnatal depression: Knowledge and practices of midwives and nurses, Erciyes Medical Journal. 2010;32(4):265–74.
  • 37. Noonan M, Jomeen J, Galvin R, Doody O. Survey of Midwives’ perinatal mental health knowledge, confidence, attitude and learning needs, Woman and Birth. Journal of the Australian College of Midwives. 2018;31(6):358–66.
  • 38. Mivšek AP, Hundley V, Kiger A. Slovenian midwives’ and nurses’ views on postnatal depression: an exploratory study. International Nursing Review. 2008;55:320–6.
  • 39. Junior HPOS, Gualda DMR, Hall MFAWA. Postpartum depression: The (in) experience of Brazilian primary healthcare professionals. Journal of Advance Nursing. 2012;69(6):124858.
  • 40. Kurtçu A, Gölbaşı Z. Postpartum depression: Knowledge and opinions of nurses and midwives employed in primary health care centers. FÜ Sağ Bil. Tıp Derg. 2014;28(3):93–9.
  • 41. Elshatarat RA, Yacoub MI, Saleh ZT, Ebeid IA, Abu Raddaha AH, Al-Za’areer MS, et al. Perinatal nurses’ and midwives’ knowledge about assessment and management of postpartum depression. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2018;56(12):36–46.
  • 42. Klainin P, Arthur DG. Postpartum depression in Asian cultures: A literature review. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 2009;46:1355–1373.
  • 43. Kaplan PS, Danko CM, Diaza A, Kalinka CJ. An associative learning deficit in 1-yearold infants ofdepressed mothers: role of depression duration. Infant Behav Dev. 2011;34:35–44.
  • 44. Sunay Z, Okyay EK, Gökbulut N, Uçar T. The relationship between postpartum depression and personality traits. Journal of Inonu University Vocational School of Health Services. 2021;9(1):219–29.
  • 45. Başer DA. Evaluation of the relationship between postpartum depression and breastfeeding. Ankara Medical Journal. 2018;18(3):276–85.
  • 46. Atilla R, Mucuk S. Postpartum depression screening and treatment approaches of health personnel working in primary health care services. Journal of Health Sciences. 2018;27:18691.
  • 47. Işık MT, Akçınar M, Kadıoğlu S. Traditional practices for mother and newborn during pregnancy, birth and maternity in Mersin province. International Journal of Human Sciences. 2010;7(1):63–84.
  • 48. Jones CJ, Creedy DK, Gamble JA. Australian midwives knowledge of antenatal and postpartum depression: a national survey. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2011;56(4):353–61.
  • 49. Swami V, Barron D, Smith L, Furnham A. Mental health literacy of maternal and paternal postnatal (postpartum) depression in British adults. Journal of Mental Health. 2020;29(2):217–24.
  • 50. Çakırer ÇN, Gönenç İM, Topuz N. Traditional beliefs and practices of women from the preconceptional period to the postpartum period. HSP. 2019;6(2):237–46.
  • 51. Yeşilçınar İ, Şahin E, Mercan D. Investigation of the relationship between health literacy of women in the postpartum period and their resort to traditional practices. TJFMPC. 2021;15(3):594601.
There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Obstetrics and Gynocology Nursing
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Cansu Mine Aydın

Doğan Akça

Publication Date October 20, 2025
Submission Date March 18, 2025
Acceptance Date June 18, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: EK-1

Cite

APA Aydın, C. M., & Akça, D. (2025). Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, 15(EK-1), 7-15.
AMA Aydın CM, Akça D. Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences. October 2025;15(EK-1):7-15.
Chicago Aydın, Cansu Mine, and Doğan Akça. “Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 15, no. EK-1 (October 2025): 7-15.
EndNote Aydın CM, Akça D (October 1, 2025) Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 15 EK-1 7–15.
IEEE C. M. Aydın and D. Akça, “Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression”, Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, vol. 15, no. EK-1, pp. 7–15, 2025.
ISNAD Aydın, Cansu Mine - Akça, Doğan. “Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 15/EK-1 (October2025), 7-15.
JAMA Aydın CM, Akça D. Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences. 2025;15:7–15.
MLA Aydın, Cansu Mine and Doğan Akça. “Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, vol. 15, no. EK-1, 2025, pp. 7-15.
Vancouver Aydın CM, Akça D. Investigation of Health Sciences Faculty Students’ Knowledge About Postpartum Depression. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences. 2025;15(EK-1):7-15.