Research Article

Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application with MobileNetV2 Architecture

Volume: 12 Number: 1 June 24, 2026
EN TR

Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application with MobileNetV2 Architecture

Abstract

This study presents a deep learning-based approach for estimating illuminance (Lux) from ambient photographs with high accuracy, as an alternative to physical luxmeter sensors. A unique dataset consisting of 729 ambient images at 1482x855 resolution and their corresponding lux values was used in the study. A customized cropping algorithm was developed to reduce noise (walls, ceilings, dead zones) in the images. The model architecture used the MobileNetV2 network, proven in image classification, and adapted it to the regression problem via transfer learning. After training, the model reduced the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) value to 0.78 Lux on the validation dataset. Furthermore, the model's R^2-score demonstrated high stability. The findings indicate that the developed method can precisely measure ambient illuminance using only camera images, without the need for expensive hardware.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

declare that this study is an original work; that I have acted in accordance with scientific ethical principles and rules in all stages of the study, including preparation, data collection, analysis, and presentation of information; that I have cited sources for all data and information not obtained within the scope of this study and included these sources in the bibliography; that I have not made any changes to the data used; and that I have complied with ethical duties and responsibilities by accepting all the terms and conditions of DergiPark Academic.

References

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  3. Belany, P., Hrabovsky, P., Florkova, Z., Cajova Kantova, N., (2024). The impact of workplace lighting on employee well-being and productivity: a measurement study. System Safety: Human-Technical Facility-Environment. 6.
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  5. Edition, S. I., Erbe, D. H., Lane, M. D., Anderson, S. I., Baselici, P. A., Hanson, S., ... & Kurtz, R., (2010). Energy standard for buildings except low-rise residential buildings. ASHRAE. 44(6).
  6. Galasiu, A., D., Veitch, J. A., (2006). Occupant preferences and satisfaction with the luminous environment and control systems in daylit offices: a literature review. Energy and buildings. 38(7): 728-742.
  7. Rubinstein, F., Ward, G., Verderber, R., (1989). Improving the performance of photo-electrically controlled lighting systems. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society. 18(1): 70-94.
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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Mechanical Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 24, 2026

Submission Date

December 10, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 9, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 12 Number: 1

APA
Yıldız, B., Ünlü, C., & Balcı, S. (2026). Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application with MobileNetV2 Architecture. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences, 12(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.55385/kastamonujes.1839652
AMA
1.Yıldız B, Ünlü C, Balcı S. Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application with MobileNetV2 Architecture. KUJES. 2026;12(1):1-11. doi:10.55385/kastamonujes.1839652
Chicago
Yıldız, Berat, Cansu Ünlü, and Selami Balcı. 2026. “Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application With MobileNetV2 Architecture”. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences 12 (1): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.55385/kastamonujes.1839652.
EndNote
Yıldız B, Ünlü C, Balcı S (June 1, 2026) Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application with MobileNetV2 Architecture. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences 12 1 1–11.
IEEE
[1]B. Yıldız, C. Ünlü, and S. Balcı, “Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application with MobileNetV2 Architecture”, KUJES, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1–11, June 2026, doi: 10.55385/kastamonujes.1839652.
ISNAD
Yıldız, Berat - Ünlü, Cansu - Balcı, Selami. “Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application With MobileNetV2 Architecture”. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences 12/1 (June 1, 2026): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.55385/kastamonujes.1839652.
JAMA
1.Yıldız B, Ünlü C, Balcı S. Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application with MobileNetV2 Architecture. KUJES. 2026;12:1–11.
MLA
Yıldız, Berat, et al. “Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application With MobileNetV2 Architecture”. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences, vol. 12, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 1-11, doi:10.55385/kastamonujes.1839652.
Vancouver
1.Berat Yıldız, Cansu Ünlü, Selami Balcı. Image Processing and Deep Learning Based Illumination Intensity (Lux) Estimation: An Application with MobileNetV2 Architecture. KUJES. 2026 Jun. 1;12(1):1-11. doi:10.55385/kastamonujes.1839652

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