Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate

Salih Malkoçoğlu; Ergün Kahveci

doi:10.17475/kastorman.1845366

EN TR

Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate

Abstract

Aim of study: To examine the relationship between land-use/land-cover change (LULCC) and climate change under semi-arid climate conditions. Area of study: This study was conducted within the borders of the Gümüşhane and Bayburt forest management directorates located in northeastern Turkey. Material and method: The temporal change in LULC was determined by using stand maps of LULC for two planning periods (1984-2013 and 2013-2032). Mann-Kendall trend analysis was applied to climate variables, seasonal mean variables, and growth period mean variables. Finally, the relationships between climate change and LULCC are discussed. Main results: According to the study's findings, the proportion of forested area increased from 14.27% in the first plan period to 22.85% in the subsequent plan period. The increase in the length of the growing period due to temperature increases during the growing season played a significant role in these changes. However, it is believed that the overall rise in temperatures and the trend of increased actual evaporation and transpiration during the growing season may exacerbate severe summer droughts and negatively impact ecosystems in semi-arid regions. Research highlights: This study contributes to understanding the potential impacts of climate change in semi-arid areas and to developing strategies for future planning.

Keywords

Semi-arid Ecosystems, Climate Change, LULCC

Yarı Kurak Bir Ekosistemde İklim Değişikliği Altında Arazi Kullanımı/Arazi Örtüsü Değişimi: Gümüşhane-Bayburt Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü Örneği

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı: Yarı kurak iklim koşulları altında arazi kullanımı/arazi örtüsü değişimi (LULCC) ile iklim değişikliği arasındaki ilişkileri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma alanı: Bu araştırma, Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğusunda yer alan Gümüşhane ve Bayburt orman işletme müdürlükleri sınırları içerisinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Materyal ve yöntem: Çalışmada, LULCC'nin iki plan dönemine (1984-2013 ve 2013-2032) ait meşcere haritaları kullanılarak LULC'nin zamansal değişimi belirlenmiştir. İklim değişkenlerine, büyüme dönemi mevsimsel ortalama değişkenlerine ve büyüme dönemi ortalama değişkenlerine Mann-Kendall trend analizi uygulanmıştır. Son olarak, iklim değişikliği ve LULCC arasındaki ilişkiler tartışılmıştır. Temel sonuçlar: Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, ilk plan döneminde %14.27 olan ormanlık alan oranı, sonraki plan döneminde %22.85'e yükselmiştir. Bu değişimlerde, büyüme dönemindeki sıcaklık artışlarına bağlı olarak büyüme dönemi uzunluğununun artması önemli rol oynamıştır. Ancak aynı dönemde sıcaklıklardaki genel artışların ve büyüme dönemindeki gerçek buharlaşma-terleme eğiliminin artmasının, şiddetli yaz kuraklıklarını artırarak yarı kurak bölgelerdeki ekosistemleri olumsuz etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir. Araştırma vurguları: Bu çalışma, iklim değişikliğinin yarı kurak alanlardaki olası etkilerinin anlaşılmasına ve gelecekte yapılacak planlamalara yönelik stratejiler geliştirmeye katkıda bulunmaktadır

Keywords

Yarı Kurak Ekosistemler, İklim Değişikliği, LULCC

References

Ainsworth, E. A., & Long, S. P. (2005). What have we learned from 15 years of free‐air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta‐analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties, and plant production to rising CO2. New Phytologist, 165(2), 351-372. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01224.x
Allen, C. D., & Breshears, D. D. (1998). Drought-induced shift of a forest–woodland ecotone: rapid landscape response to climate variation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 95(25), 14839-14842. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.25.14839
Altın, T. B., Barak, B., & Altın, B. N. (2012). Change in precipitation and temperature amounts over three decades in central Anatolia, Turkey. Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 2(1), 107-125. doi:10.4236/acs.2012.21013
Anderegg, L. D., & HilleRisLambers, J. (2016). Drought stress limits the geographic ranges of two tree species via different physiological mechanisms. Global change biology, 22(3), 1029-1045. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13148
Archer, S. (2003). Proliferation of woody plants in grasslands and Savannas. Retrieved on, 24(10), 2005.
Archer, S., Boutton, T. W., & Hibbard, K. A. (2001). Trees in grasslands: biogeochemical consequences of woody plant expansion. In Global biogeochemical cycles in the climate system (pp. 115-137). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012631260-7/50011-X
Aubin, I., Munson, A. D., Cardou, F., Burton, P. J., Isabel, N., Pedlar, J. H., ... & McKenney, D. (2016). Traits to stay, traits to move: a review of functional traits to assess sensitivity and adaptive capacity of temperate and boreal trees to climate change. Environmental Reviews, 24(2), 164-186. https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2015-0072
Bergès, L., Chevalier, R., Dumas, Y., Franc, A., & Gilbert, J. M. (2005). Sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) site index variations in relation to climate, topography and soil in even-aged high-forest stands in northern France. Annals of forest science, 62(5), 391-402. https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2005035
Coe, M. T., Costa, M. H., & Soares-Filho, B. S. (2009). The influence of historical and potential future deforestation on the stream flow of the Amazon River–Land surface processes and atmospheric feedbacks. Journal of Hydrology, 369(1-2), 165-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.043
Chmielewski, F. M., & Rötzer, T. (2001). Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 108 (2), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(01)00233-7

Cui, L., Wang, L., Lai, Z., Tian, Q., Liu, W., & Li, J. (2017). Innovative trend analysis of annual and seasonal air temperature and rainfall in the Yangtze River Basin, China during 1960–2015. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 164, 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2017.08.001
Eastaugh, C., Eng, B., & St, G. C. N. R. (2008). Adaptations of forests to climate change: a multidisciplinary review.
Erlat, E. & Türkeş, M., 2013. Observed changes and trends in numbers of summer and tropical days, and the 2010 hot summer in Türkiye. International Journal of Climatology, 33(8), 1898-1908. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3556
Evrendilek, F., & Wali, M. K. (2004). Changing global climate: historical carbon and nitrogen budgets and projected responses of Ohio’s cropland ecosystems. Ecosystems, 7, 381-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-004-0017-y
Fujihara, Y., Tanaka, K., Watanabe, T., Nagano, T., & Kojiri, T. (2008). Assessing the impacts of climate change on the water resources of the Seyhan River Basin in Turkey: Use of dynamically downscaled data for hydrologic simulations. Journal of Hydrology, 353(1-2), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.01.024
GDF (1984a). Gümüşhane Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF (1984b). Karanlıkdere Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF (1987a). Bayburt Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF (1987b). Kelkit Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF (1987c). Şiran Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF (2013a). Gümüşhane Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF (2013b). Kelkit Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF, (2013c). Şiran Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF, (2013d). Karanlıkdere Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
GDF, (2015). Bayburt Management Plan, General Directorate of Forestry, Türkiye.
Goyal, R. K. (2004). Sensitivity of evapotranspiration to global warming: a case study of arid zone of Rajasthan (India). Agricultural water management, 69 (1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.03.014
Gürkan, H., Arabacı, H., Demircan, M., Eskioğlu, O., & Şensoy, S. (2016). GFDL-ESM2M modeli temelinde RCP4. 5 ve RCP8. 5 senaryolarına göre Türkiye için sıcaklık ve yağış projeksiyonları. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 14(2), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000174
Hobbs, R. J., & Humphries, S. E. (1995). An integrated approach to the ecology and management of plant invasions. Conservation biology, 9(4), 761-770. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2386985
IPCC, 2001. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Houghton, J.T., et al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge and New York.
IPCC, 2007. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC.
IPCC, 2022. Climate change 2022: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability – The Working Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/
Jaagus, J. (2006). Climatic changes in Estonia during the second half of the 20th century in relationship with changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 83(1), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-005-0161-0
Jablonski, L. M., Wang, X., & Curtis, P. S. (2002). Plant reproduction under elevated CO2 conditions: a meta‐analysis of reports on 79 crop and wild species. New Phytologist, 156 (1), 9-26. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00494.x
Kadıoğulları, A. İ. (2013). Assessing implications of land use and land cover changes in forest ecosystems of NE Turkey. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 185, 2095-2106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2691-0
Kadioğullari, A. İ., Keleş, S., Başkent, E. Z., & Günlü, A. (2008). Spatiotemporal changes in landscape pattern in response to afforestation in Northeastern Turkey: a case study of Torul. Scottish Geographical Journal, 124(4), 259-273. https://doi.org/10.1080/14702540802566254
Kantarcı, M. D. (1995). Doğu Karadeniz Bölümünde Bölgesel Ekolojik Birimler, I. Ulusal Karadeniz Ormancılık Kongresi, 23-25.
Kimball, B. A., Kobayashi, K., & Bindi, M. (2002). Responses of agricultural crops to free-air CO2 enrichment. Advances in agronomy, 77, 293-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(02)77017-X
Kobayashi, Y., Higa, M., Higashiyama, K., & Nakamura, F. (2020). Drivers of land-use changes in societies with decreasing populations: A comparison of the factors affecting farmland abandonment in a food production area in Japan. PLoS One, 15(7), e0235846. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235846
Lambin, E. F., Geist, H. J., & Lepers, E. (2003). Dynamics of land-use and land-cover change in tropical regions. Annual review of environment and resources, 28(1), 205-241. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105459
Lobell, D. B., & Gourdji, S. M. (2012). The influence of climate change on global crop productivity. Plant physiology, 160(4), 1686-1697. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.208298
Mendelsohn, R., Dinar, A. (2009). Land use and climate change interactions. Annual Review of Resource Economics, 1 (1), 309-332. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.resource.050708.144246
MGM, 2024. Gümüşhane ve Bayburt illeri meteoroloji istasyonları iklim verileri. Ankara (in Turkish).
Moratiel, R., Durán, J. M., & Snyder, R. L. (2010). Responses of reference evapotranspiration to changes in atmospheric humidity and air temperature in Spain. Climate research, 44(1), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr00919
Narsimlu, B., Gosain, A.K., Chahar, B.R., 2013. Assessment of future climate change impacts on water resources of Upper Sind River Basin, India using SWAT model. Water Resour. Manag. 27, 3647–3662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0371-7.
Norby, R. J., Hartz‐Rubin, J. S., & Verbrugge, M. J. (2003). Phenological responses in maple to experimental atmospheric warming and CO2 enrichment. Global Change Biology, 9(12), 1792-1801. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00714.x
Önol, B., Ünal, Y. S., & Dalfes, H. N. (2011). İklim değişimi senaryosunun Türkiye üzerindeki etkilerinin modellenmesi. İTÜDERGİSİ/d, 8(5).
Özdeş, M. (2023). Küresel İklim Değişikliği ve Çevresel Değişimlerin Etkisi Altında Arazi Değişim Biliminin Ortaya Çıkışı: Kurak ve Yarı Kurak Ekosistemlerde Arazi Değişimi. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 21(2), 660-695. https://doi.org/10.33688/aucbd.1198890
Pardos, M., Del Río, M., Pretzsch, H., Jactel, H., Bielak, K., Bravo, F., ... & Calama, R. (2021). The greater resilience of mixed forests to drought mainly depends on their composition: Analysis along a climate gradient across Europe. Forest Ecology and Management, 481, 118687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118687
Partal, T., & Kahya, E. (2006). Trend analysis in Turkish precipitation data. Hydrological Processes: An International Journal, 20(9), 2011-2026. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.5993
Peltonen-Sainio, P., Jauhiainen, L., Hakala, K., & Ojanen, H. (2009). Climate change and prolongation of growing season: changes in regional potential for field crop production in Finland. Agricultural and Food Science 18: 171-190. https://doi.org/10.2137/145960609790059479
Perz, S. G. (2007). Grand theory and context-specificity in the study of forest dynamics: forest transition theory and other directions. The Professional Geographer, 59(1), 105-114. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9272.2007.00594.x
Perz, S. G., & Skole, D. L. (2003). Secondary forest expansion in the Brazilian Amazon and the refinement of forest transition theory. Society & Natural Resources, 16(4), 277-294. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920390178856
Rudel, T.K., Coomes, O. T., Moran, E., Achard, F., Angelsen, A., Xu, J., & Lambin, E., 2005. Forest transitions: towards a global understanding of land use change. Global Environ Change Part A, 15(1), 23-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.11.001
Ruosteenoja, K., Räisänen, J., & Pirinen, P. (2011). Projected changes in thermal seasons and the growing season in Finland. International Journal of Climatology, 31(10), 1473-1487. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2171
Salmi, T., Määttä, A., Anttila, P., Ruoho-Airola, T., & Amnell, T. (2002). Makesens 1.0. Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimates for the trend of annual data.
Sen, P. K. (1968). Estimates of the regression coefficient based on Kendall's tau. Journal of the American statistical association, 63(324), 1379-1389. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1968.10480934
Shao, J. A., Wei, C. F., & Xie, D. T. (2006). An insight on drivers of land use change at regional scale. Chinese Geographical Science, 16(2), 176-182. Shao, J. A., Wei, C. F., & Xie, D. T. (2006). An insight on drivers of land use change at regional scale. Chinese Geographical Science, 16(2), 176-182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-006-0014-5
Smith, T. M., Leemans, R., & Shugart, H. H. (1992). Sensitivity of terrestrial carbon storage to CO2-induced climate change: comparison of four scenarios based on general circulation models. Climatic Change, 21(4), 367-384. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00141377
Southworth, J., Munroe, D., & Nagendra, H. (2004). Land cover change and landscape fragmentation-comparing the utility of continuous and discrete analyses for a western Honduras region. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 101(2-3), 185-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2003.09.011
Swart, R. J. (2008). Impacts of Europe's changing climate-2008 indicator-based assessment (No. 4/2008). European Environment Agency (EEA).
Taylor, P. G., Cleveland, C. C., Wieder, W. R., Sullivan, B. W., Do¬ughty, C. E., Dobrowski, S. Z., & Townsend, A. R. (2017). Temperature and rainfall interact to control carbon cycling in tropical forests. Ecology Letters, 20(6), 779-788. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12765
Tesfaw, B.A., Dzwairo, B., Sahlu, D., 2023. Assessments of the impacts of land use/land cover change on water resources: tana Sub-Basin, Ethiopia. Journal of Water and Climate Change 14 (2), 421–441. https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2023.303.
Thornthwaite, C. W., 1948. An approach toward a rational classification of climate. Geographical Review, 38(1), 55-94. https://doi.org/10.2307/210739
Toit, J. D., Rogers, K. H., & Biggs, H. C. (2003). The Kruger experience: ecology and management of savanna heterogeneity (pp. xv+-519).
Toreti, A., & Desiato, F. (2008). Temperature trend over Italy from 1961 to 2004. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 91, 51-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-006-0289-6 TSI, 2023. Turkish Statistical Institute, https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/?il=69 (accessed: 19.01.2025).
Türkeş, M. (2008a). İklim Değişikliği ve Küresel Isınma Olgusu: Bilimsel Değerlendirme. E. Karakaya (der.), Küresel Isınma ve Kyoto Protokolü: İklim Değişikliğinin Bilimsel, Ekonomik ve Politik Analizi içinde, İstanbul: Bağlam.
Türkeş, M. (2008b). Küresel iklim değişikliği nedir? Temel kavramlar, nedenleri, gözlenen ve öngörülen değişiklikler. İklim Değişikliği ve Çevre, 1(1), 26-37.
Türkes, M. (2012). Türkiye’de gözlenen ve öngörülen iklim değişikliği, kuraklık ve çölleşme. Ankara Üniversitesi Çevrebilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 1-32. https://doi.org/10.1501/Csaum_0000000063
Usta, A., Yilmaz, M., & Kantarci, M. D. (2014). The relationships between forest distributions and summer drought related to geographical characteristics in Turkey. Fresen Environ Bull, 23(9), 2195-2204.
Ustaoglu, B., & Karaca, M. (2014). The effects of climate change on spatiotemporal changes of hazelnut (Corylus avellana) cultivation areas in the Black Sea Region, Turkey. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research (AEER), 12(2), 309-324. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1202_309324
Vitousek, P. M. (1994). Beyond global warming: ecology and global change. Ecology, 75(7), 1861-1876. https://doi.org/10.2307/1941591
Wessels, K. J., Mathieu, R., Erasmus, B. F. N., Asner, G. P., Smit, I. P. J., Van Aardt, J. A. N., ... & Jacobson, J. (2011). Impact of communal land use and conservation on woody vegetation structure in the Lowveld savannas of South Africa. Forest Ecology and Management, 261(1), 19-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.012
Wessels, K. J., Prince, S. D., Zambatis, N., MacFadyen, S., Frost, P. E., Van Zyl, D. (2006). Relationship between herbaceous biomass and 1‐km 2 Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) NDVI in Kruger National Park, South Africa. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27 (5), 951–973. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160500169098
White, P. S. (1979). Pattern, process, and natural disturbance in vegetation. The botanical review, 45, 229-299. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02860857
White, C. R., Phillips, N. F., & Seymour, R. S. (2006). The scaling and temperature dependence of vertebrate metabolism. Biology Letters, 2(1), 125-127. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0378
Wu, Z., Dijkstra, P., Koch, G. W., Peñuelas, J., & Hungate, B. A. (2011). Responses of terrestrial ecosystems to temperature and precipitation change: A meta‐analysis of experimental manipulation. Global change biology, 17(2), 927-942. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02302.x
Yu, Y. S., Zou, S., & Whittemore, D. (1993). Non-parametric trend analysis of water quality data of rivers in Kansas. Journal of Hydrology, 150(1), 61-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(93)90156-4
Yue, S., Pilon, P., & Cavadias, G. (2002). Power of the Mann–Kendall and Spearman's rho tests for detecting monotonic trends in hydrological series. Journal of hydrology, 259(1-4), 254-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00594-7
Zhang, X., Harvey, K. D., Hogg, W. D., & Yuzyk, T. R. (2001). Trends in Canadian streamflow. Water Resources Research, 37(4), 987-998. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000WR9003

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Forestry Sciences (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Salih Malkoçoğlu
Türkiye

Ergün Kahveci ^*
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 25, 2025

Submission Date

July 6, 2024

Acceptance Date

May 8, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 25 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845366

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA84SE59JL

APA

Malkoçoğlu, S., & Kahveci, E. (2025). Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 25(3), 323-340. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845366

AMA

1.Malkoçoğlu S, Kahveci E. Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2025;25(3):323-340. doi:10.17475/kastorman.1845366

Chicago

Malkoçoğlu, Salih, and Ergün Kahveci. 2025. “Land Use Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 25 (3): 323-40. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845366.

EndNote

Malkoçoğlu S, Kahveci E (December 1, 2025) Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 25 3 323–340.

IEEE

[1]S. Malkoçoğlu and E. Kahveci, “Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 323–340, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.17475/kastorman.1845366.

ISNAD

Malkoçoğlu, Salih - Kahveci, Ergün. “Land Use Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 25/3 (December 1, 2025): 323-340. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845366.

JAMA

1.Malkoçoğlu S, Kahveci E. Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2025;25:323–340.

MLA

Malkoçoğlu, Salih, and Ergün Kahveci. “Land Use Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 25, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 323-40, doi:10.17475/kastorman.1845366.

Vancouver

1.Salih Malkoçoğlu, Ergün Kahveci. Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2025 Dec. 1;25(3):323-40. doi:10.17475/kastorman.1845366

Land Use/Land Cover Change Under Climate Change in a Semi-Arid Ecosystem: The Case of Gümüşhane-Bayburt Forest Management Directorate

Abstract

Keywords

Yarı Kurak Bir Ekosistemde İklim Değişikliği Altında Arazi Kullanımı/Arazi Örtüsü Değişimi: Gümüşhane-Bayburt Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü Örneği

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite