Philosophical Background of Economics from the Islamic Perspective

Year 2021, Issue: 11, 41 - 66, 30.06.2021

Ahmet Efe

Abstract

As in every branch of science, economics has a philosophy and intellectual background. Most classical economics thinkers wrote more on philosophy than economics, as they were also philosophers and/or clerics. This is due to explaining methodologically the formation of the thoughts, assumptions, and principles that the economy has influenced in the historical process. Islamic philosophy developed by the triggering of ancient Greek philosophy and was partially influenced by it. This approach has also been reflected in the sudies of Islamic economics. The purpose of this essay is to compare the general philosophy of economics with the philosophy of Islamic economics. Our study is a qualitative research and the method we employed is document analysis. In the study we referred to the Risale-i Nur Collection, which has a contemporary and original approach with reference to economy, philosophy, and Islam, and we investigated the differences of the wisdom of the Qur'an from the western philosophy in establishing economic provisions. It has been revealed that while the Islamic economic philosophy aims to win both worlds, the western economic philosophy only aims to save the life in this world. 

Keywords

Economics, Islamic Economics, Philosophy, Philosophy of Economics, Wisdom, Risale-i Nur

İslamî Perspektifte Ekonomi Felsefesi

Abstract

Her bilim dalının olduğu gibi ekonominin de bir felsefesi ve düşünsel arka planı vardır. Klasik ekonomi düşünürlerinin çoğu aynı zamanda birer filozof ve/veya din adamı olmasından dolayı ekonomiden çok felsefe üzerinde yazıları vardır. Bu da, ekonominin tarihsel düzlemde meydana geliş sürecinde etkisinde kaldığı düşünceler, kabuller ve ilkelerin oluşumunu metodolojik olarak açıklayabilmekten kaynaklanmaktadır. İslam felsefesi de eski Yunan felsefesinin tetiklemesiyle gelişmiş ve ondan kısmen etkilenmiştir. İslam ekonomisi çalışmalarına da bu yaklaşım yansımıştır. Bu çalışmamızda İslamî bakış açısıyla İslam ekonomisi ilkelerinin felsefî temelleri incelenmekte ve batı felsefesi ile karşılaştırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Çalışmamız nitel bir araştırmadır, metot olarak doküman analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Ekonomi, felsefe ve İslam dini çerçevesinde, çağdaş ve orijinal bir yaklaşıma sahip olan Risale-i Nur Külliyatından yararlanılarak yapılan analizlerde Batı felsefesine nazaran Kur’an hikmetinin ekonomik hükümleri tesis etmedeki farklılıkları analiz olarak ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır. İslam ekonomi felsefesinin her iki dünyayı kazanmayı hedeflerken, Batı ekonomi felsefesinin sadece dünya hayatını kurtarmaya amaçladığı ortaya konulmuştur.

Keywords

Ekonomi, İslam Ekonomisi, Felsefe, Ekonomi Felsefesi, Hikmet, Risale-i Nur

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