KAMU YÖNETİMİNİN KİMLİK BUNALIMININ AŞILMASINDA KAMU HİZMETİ GÜDÜLEMESİ ARAŞTIRMALARI: POTANSİYEL ve İLERLEME

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 27, 414 - 437, 26.06.2023

Muhammed Zahid Çığman

https://doi.org/10.36543/kauiibfd.2023.016

Abstract

Kamu Yönetimi disiplininin bir kimlik bunalımı içinde olduğu, alanın önde gelen araştırmacıları tarafından uzun zamandır savunulmaktadır. Bu kadar uzun sürmesi, disiplinin, kimlik bunalımını aşan çok boyutlu bir bunalım içinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Disipliner statü, değer kuramı, yöntem bilimi ve kuramsal altyapı konularında kendini gösteren bunalımın düğümlendiği nokta araştırma nesnesi sorunudur. Günümüz Kamu Yönetimi, örgütsel sorunları araştıran yönetim odaklı Kamu Yönetimi ile örgüt-ötesi sorunları konu edinen kamusallık odaklı Kamu Yönetimi paradigmaları arasında bölünmüş durumdadır. Her iki paradigmadan izler taşıyan kamu hizmeti güdülemesi araştırmaları disiplinin içinde bulunduğu bunalımın aşılmasını sağlayacak bir potansiyel taşımaktadır. Ancak, alanın önde gelen dört dergisinde yayımlanan görgül araştırmalar üzerinde yapılan sistematik yazın taraması, bu potansiyelin yeterince değerlendirilemediğini göstermektedir. Kamu hizmeti motivasyonu araştırmaları örgüt ötesi neden ve sonuçlara gereken ilgiyi göstermesi hâlinde disiplinin kimlik bunalımının aşılmasına daha fazla katkıda bulunacaktır.

Keywords

Kamu Yönetimi paradigmaları, kimlik bunalımı, kamu hizmeti güdülemesi

THE ROLE OF PUBLIC SERVICE MOTIVATION RESEARCH IN OVERCOMING THE IDENTITY CRISIS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: POTENTIAL AND PROGRESS

Abstract

It has been argued for a long time by leading academics in the field that the discipline of Public Administration is in an identity crisis. The fact that it took so long demonstrates that the discipline is in a multidimensional crisis that goes beyond an identity crisis. The crux of the crisis that manifests itself in disciplinary status, axiology, methodology and theoretical ground, is the subject matter problem. Contemporary Public Administration is divided between management oriented Public Administration paradigm, which investigates organizational problems, and publicness oriented Public Administration paradigm, which deals with extra-organizational problems. Public service motivation research, which bears traces of both paradigms, has the potential to overcome the crisis the discipline is in. However, a systematic literature review of empirical studies published in four of the leading journals in the field shows that this potential has not been adequately reached. Public service motivation research will contribute more to overcoming the identity crisis of the discipline if it pays due attention to the extra-organizational antecedents and consequences.

Keywords

Public Administration paradigms, identity crisis, public service motivation

References

• Adams, G. B., ve White, J. D. (1994). Dissertation research in public administration and cognate fields: An assessment of methods and quality. Public Administration Review, 565-576.
• Andrews, R., ve Esteve, M. (2015). Still like ships that pass in the night? The relationship between public administration and management studies. International Public Management Journal, 18(1), 31-60.
• Appleby, P. (2004). Government is Different. (Ed.), Classics of Public Administration Ed. M. Shafritz, A. C. Hyde ve S. J. Parkes, ss. 131-135: Wadsworth Thomson.
• Azhar, A., ve Yang, K. (2019). Workplace and Non-workplace Pro-environmental Behaviors: Empirical Evidence from Florida City Governments. Public Administration Review, 79(3), 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13003
• Battaglio, R. P., ve French, P. E. (2016). Public Service Motivation, Public Management Reform, and Organizational Socialization: Testing the Effects of Employment At-Will and Agency on PSM Among Municipal Employees. Public Personnel Management, 45(2), 123-147. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026016644623
• Beck Jørgensen, T., ve Bozeman, B. (2007). Public values: An inventory. Administration & Society, 39(3), 354-381.
• Behn, R. D. (1995). The big questions of public management. Public administration review, 55(4), 313-324.
• Bellé, N. (2013). Experimental Evidence on the Relationship between Public Service Motivation and Job Performance. Public Administration Review, 73(1), 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2012.02621.x
• Box, R. C. (1992). An examination of the debate over research in public administration. Public Administration Review, 62-69.
• Bozeman, B. (2018). Public values: Citizens’ perspective. Public Management Review, 1-22.
• Bright, L. (2007). Does person-organization fit mediate the relationship between public service motivation and the job performance of public employees? Review of public personnel administration, 27(4), 361-379.
• Buchanan, B. (1975). Red-tape and the service ethic: Some unexpected differences between public and private managers. Administration & Society, 6(4), 423-444.
• Cooper, T. L. (2001). Citizenship and professionalism in public administration. Classics of administrative ethics. ss. 339-357: Westview Press.
• Denhardt, R. B., ve Denhardt, J. V. (2001). The new public service: Putting democracy first. National Civic Review, 90(4), 391-400.
• Dimock, M. E. (1937). The study of administration. American Political Science Review, 31(1), 28-40.
• Dinçer, Ö., ve Yılmaz, C. (2003). Kamu Yönetiminde Yeniden Yapılanma 1. Değişimin Yönetimi İçin Yönetimde Değişim. TC Başbakanlık.
• Dubnick, M. J. (2018). Demons, spirits, and elephants: Reflections on the failure of public administration theory. Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs, 4(1), 59-115.
• Eryılmaz, B. (2016). Kamu Yönetimi: Düşünceler, yapılar, fonksiyonlar, politikalar (9. bs). Umuttepe Yayınları.
• Esteve, M., Urbig, D., Van Witteloostuijn, A., ve Boyne, G. (2016). Prosocial behavior and public service motivation. Public Administration Review, 76(1), 177-187.
• Fayol, H. (1939). Sınaî ve umumî işlerde idare (M. A. Çalıkoğlu, Çev.). İnhisarlar Umumî Direktörlüğü.
• Fennimore, A. K. (2020). Duplicitous Me: Communal Narcissists and Public Service Motivation. Public Personnel Management, 0091026019900355.
• Fişek, K. (2012). Türkiye’de Mülki İdare Amirliği. Türkiye’de Kamu Yönetimi. 2. bs, ss. 165-170: Nobel.
• Frederickson, H. G., Smith, K. B., Larimer, C. W., ve Licari, M. J. (2012). The Public Administration theory primer (2. bs). Westview Press.
• Gill, J., ve Meier, K. J. (2000). Public administration research and practice: A methodological manifesto. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 10(1), 157-199.
• Goodman, D., ve Cohen, G. (2018). Public Sector Employment at Will: A Critical Analysis of Ethical Concerns and Recommendations for Public Administrators. Public Integrity, 20(2), 179-193.
• Groeneveld, S., Tummers, L., Bronkhorst, B., Ashikali, T., ve Thiel, S. van. (2015). Quantitative Methods in Public Administration: Their Use and Development Through Time. International Public Management Journal, 18(1), 61-86. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2014.972484
• Gulick, L. (1933). Politics, Administration, and the" New Deal". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 169(1), 55-66.
• Gulick, L. (1937). Science, values and public administration. Papers on the Science of Administration. Ed. L. Gulick ve L. Urwick, ss. 189-195: Institute of Public Administration Columbia University.
• Güler, B. (1994). Nesnesini arayan disiplin: Kamu Yönetimi. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 27(4), 3-19.
• Harmon, M. M. (1989). The Simon/Waldo debate: A review and update. Public Administration Quarterly, 12(4), 437-451.
• Henry, N. (1975). Paradigms of Public Administration. Public Administration Review, 35(4), 378-386.
• Holt, S. B. (2020). Giving Time: Examining Sector Differences in Volunteering Intensity. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 30(1), 22-40. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muz007
• Homberg, F., ve Costello, J. (2019). Public Service Motivation and Civic Engagement: The Role of Pro-social Motivations in Shaping Society. Springer.
• Hood, C. (2016). Tüm zamanlar için kamu işletmeciliği: Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliğinin yükselişi. Kamu Yönetimi klasikleri, Ed.: Shafritz, J.M., Hyde, A.C., Global Politika ve Strateji, Ankara Ed.M. Shafritz ve A. C. Hyde , Çev. C. Zengin, ss. 749-772: Global Politika ve Strateji Yayınları.
• Jensen, U. T. (2018). Does Perceived Societal Impact Moderate the Effect of Transformational Leadership on Value Congruence? Evidence from a Field Experiment. Public Administration Review, 78(1), 48-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12852
• Jensen, U. T., Andersen, L. B., ve Jacobsen, C. B. (2019). Only When We Agree! How Value Congruence Moderates the Impact of Goal-Oriented Leadership on Public Service Motivation. Public Administration Review, 79(1), 12-24.
• Kambayashi, R., ve Kato, T. (2017). Long-term employment and job security over the past 25 years: A comparative study of Japan and the United States. ILR Review, 70(2), 359-394.
• Kim, J. (2018). The Effects of Relative Organizational Tenure on Job Behaviors in the Public Sector. Public Personnel Management, 47(3), 335-355. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026017753646
• Kim, S. (2005). Individual-level factors and organizational performance in government organizations. Journal of public administration research and theory, 15(2), 245-261.
• Kim, S. (2012). Does person-organization fit matter in the public-sector? Testing the mediating effect of person-organization fit in the relationship between public service motivation and work attitudes. Public Administration Review, 72(6), 830-840.
• Kim, S. (2020). Education and Public Service Motivation: A Longitudinal Study of High School Graduates. Public Administration Review, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13262
• Kirlin, J. J. (1996). The big questions of public administration in a democracy. Public Administration Review, 416-423.
• Kuhn, T. (1995). Bilimsel devrimlerin yapısı (N. Kuyaş, Çev.). Alan Yayınları.
• Linos, E. (2018). More than public service: A field experiment on job advertisements and diversity in the police. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 28(1), 67-85.
• Maesschalck, J., Van der Wal, Z., ve Huberts, L. (2008). Public service motivation and ethical conduct. Motivation in public management: The call of public service Ed. J. L. Perry ve A. Hondeghem, ss. 157-176.
• McCurdy, H. E., ve Cleary, R. E. (1984). Why can’t we resolve the research issue in public administration? Public Administration Review, 49-55.
• Meyer, R. E., Egger-Peitler, I., Höllerer, M. A., ve Hammerschmid, G. (2014). Of bureaucrats and passionate public managers: Institutional logics, executive identities, and public service motivation. Public Administration, 92(4), 861-885.
• Meyer-Sahling, J.-H., Mikkelsen, K. S., ve Schuster, C. (2019). The Causal Effect of Public Service Motivation on Ethical Behavior in the Public Sector: Evidence from a Large-Scale Survey Experiment. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 29(3), 445-459. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muy071
• Moynihan, D. P., ve Pandey, S. K. (2007). Finding Workable Levers Over Work Motivation: Comparing Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement, and Organizational Commitment. Administration & Society, 39(7), 803-832. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399707305546
• Murray, M. A. (1975). Comparing public and private management: An exploratory essay. Public Administration Review, 364-371.
• Neumann Jr, F. X. (1996). What makes public administration a science? Or, are its" big questions" really big? Public Administration Review, 56(5), 409-415.
• Olsen, A. L., Hjorth, F., Harmon, N., ve Barfort, S. (2019). Behavioral Dishonesty in the Public Sector. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 29(4), 572-590. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muy058
• O’Toole Jr, L. J., ve Meier, K. J. (2015). Public management, context, and performance: In quest of a more general theory. Journal of public administration research and theory, 25(1), 237-256.
• Özen, Ş. (1995). Kamu Yönetimi Yazınımız ve Örgütler-Yönetim Çalışma Alanı: Tehlikeli İlişkiler. Kamu Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu Bildirileri, 1, 71-96.
• Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 89. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01626-4
• Perry, J. L. (2011). Federalist No. 72: What Happened to the Public Service Ideal? Public Administration Review, 71, s143-s147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02474.x
• Perry, J. L., ve Wise, L. R. (1990). The motivational bases of public service. Public administration review, 367-373.
• Peters, B. G. (2001). The politics of bureaucracy (5. bs). Routledge.
• Raadschelders, J. C. (2010). Identity without boundaries: Public administration’s canon (s) of integration. Administration & Society, 42(2), 131-159.
• Rainey, H. G. (1982). Reward preferences among public and private managers: In search of the service ethic. The American Review of Public Administration, 16(4), 288-302.
• Rainey, H. G., Backoff, R. W., ve Levine, C. H. (1976). Comparing public and private organizations. Public administration review, 36(2), 233-244.
• Rainey, H. G., ve Steinbauer, P. (1999). Galloping elephants: Developing elements of a theory of effective government organizations. Journal of public administration research and theory, 9(1), 1-32.
• Rayner, J., Williams, H. M., Lawton, A., ve Allinson, C. W. (2010). Public service ethos: Developing a generic measure. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 21(1), 27-51.
• Ritz, A., Brewer, G. A., ve Neumann, O. (2016). Public Service Motivation: A Systematic Literature Review and Outlook. Public Administration Review, 76(3), 414-426. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12505
• Rohr, J. A. (1976). The study of ethics in the PA curriculum. Public Administration Review, 398-406.
• Simon, H. A. (1947). A comment on “The science of public administration”. Public Administration Review, 7(3), 200-203.
• Simon, H. A. (1955). A behavioral model of rational choice. The quarterly journal of economics, 69(1), 99-118.
• Simon, H. A., Smithburg, D. W., ve Thompson, V. A. (1985). Kamu yönetimi (C. Mıhçıoğlu, Çev.). Ankara Üniversitesi SBF.
• Skocpol, T. (2002). Bringing the state back in: Strategies of analysis in current research. Bringing the state back in. Ed. P. B. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer, ve T. Skocpol, ss. 3-37: Cambridge UP.
• Taylor, J. (2010). Public service motivation, civic attitudes and actions of public, nonprofit and private sector employees. Public Administration, 88(4), 1083-1098.
• Taylor, J. (2014). Public service motivation, relational job design, and job satisfaction in local government. Public Administration, 92(4), 902-918.
• Tortop, N., İsbir, E. G., ve Aykaç, B. (1999). Yönetim Bilimi (3. bs). Yargı Yayınevi.
• Uzochukwu, K., ve Thomas, J. C. (2018). Who Engages in the Coproduction of Local Public Services and Why? The Case of Atlanta, Georgia. Public Administration Review, 78(4), 514-526. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12893
• Üstüner, Y. (1995). Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininde Kimlik Sorunsalı. Kamu Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu Bildirileri, 1, 59-69.
• Van der Wal, Z. (2013). Mandarins versus Machiavellians? On differences between work motivations of administrative and political elites. Public Administration Review, 73(5), 749-759.
• van Witteloostuijn, A., Esteve, M., ve Boyne, G. (2017). Public Sector Motivation ad fonts: Personality Traits as Antecedents of the Motivation to Serve the Public Interest. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 27(1), 20-35. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muw027
• Vandenabeele, W. (2007). Toward a public administration theory of public service motivation: An institutional approach. Public management review, 9(4), 545-556.
• Vogel, R. (2014). What happened to the public organization? A bibliometric analysis of public administration and organization studies. The American Review of Public Administration, 44(4), 383-408.
• Waldo, D. (1948). The administrative state: A study of the political theory of American Public Administration. The Ronald Press Company.
• Waldo, D. (1952). Development of theory of democratic administration. American Political Science Review, 46(1), 81-103.
• Waldo, D. (1968). Public Administration. The Journal of Politics, 30(2), 443-479. https://doi.org/10.2307/2128449
• Waldo, D. (1972). Developments in public administration. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 404(1), 217-245.
• Ward, K. D. (2014). Tapping the AmeriCorps pipeline: Using secondary data to test the public service motivation construct. Public Personnel Management, 43(2), 240-258.
• White, J. D. (1986). On the growth of knowledge in public administration. Public administration review, 46(1), 15-24.
• Wilson, W. (1887). The Study of Administration. Political Science Quarterly, 2(2), 197-222. https://doi.org/10.2307/2139277
• Wright, B. E., ve Pandey, S. K. (2008). Public service motivation and the assumption of person—Organization fit: Testing the mediating effect of value congruence. Administration & Society, 40(5), 502-521.
• Yung, B. (2014). Differential public service motivation among Hong Kong public officials: A qualitative study. Public Personnel Management, 43(4), 415-441.