Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

DO TITLE HOLDERS ALWAYS WIN IN THE OTTOMAN COURTS?

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 27, 299 - 319, 26.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.36543/kauiibfd.2023.012

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Osmanlı mahkemelerinde dava kazanma ile dava taraflarının (davacı ve davalı) unvanları arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Merkezden Galata ve Üsküdar, taşradan Konya ve Kütahya mahkemelerinin 1800-1840 tarihleri arasındaki sicil defterleri kullanılmıştır. Hukuk ve iktisat literatüründeki %50 kazanma oranı hipotezi ve bunu etkileyen faktörlerden faydalanarak unvan sahibi olmanın dava başarısına etkisi regresyon analiziyle incelenmiştir. Birinci modelin sonuçlarına göre unvan sahibi olmanın dava kazanma olasılığı üzerinde taşra mahkemelerinde ve bütün gözlemler dikkate alındığında anlamlı bir etkisi varken, merkezde böyle bir etki görülmemiştir. Unvanların daha detaylı sınıflandırıldığı, cinsiyet ve dinin yanısıra ispat yükü, delil ve vekil değişkenlerinin de eklendiği ikinci modelde ise yüksek sınıf (elit) unvanlar ve ispat yükü, hem dava tarafları hem de bölgeler arasındaki bu farklılığın oluşmasında önemli etkenler olarak gözükmektedir.

References

  • Aydın, M. A. (2015). Türk hukuk tarihi. İstanbul: Beta.
  • Bildik, F. (2010). 1837-1840 tarihlerinde Konya’nın sosyal ve ekonomik durumu (83 numaralı Konya şer’iyye siciline göre). Master Thesis, Selçuk University, Konya.
  • Bozkurt, F. (2011). Tereke defterleri ve Osmanlı maddi kültüründe değişim (1785-1875 İstanbul örneği). Phd Thesis, Sakarya University, Sakarya.
  • Court Registers. (1800-1840). Galata, 672, 702 (Meşihat ŞSC), Ottoman Archives, İstanbul.
  • Court Registers. (1796-1844). Konya, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74 and 102 (Meşihat ŞSC), Ottoman Archives, İstanbul.
  • Court Registers. (1800-1842). Kütahya, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ,16, 17, 18 and 19 (Meşihat ŞSC), Ottoman Archives, İstanbul.
  • Court Registers. (1800-1820). Üsküdar, 571, 572 and 589 (Meşihat ŞSC), Ottoman Archives, İstanbul.
  • Coşgel, M. M., & Ergene, B. A. (2014a). Dispute resolution in Ottoman courts: a quantitative analysis of litigations in eighteenth-century Kastamonu. Social Science History, 38(1-2), 183-202. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.15.
  • Coşgel, M. M., & Ergene, B. A. (2014b). “Law and economics” literature and Ottoman legal studies. Islamic Law and Society, 21(1-2), 114-144. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-02112p04.
  • Coşgel, M. M., & Ergene, B. A. (2014c). The selection bias in court records: settlement and trial in eighteenth‐century Ottoman Kastamonu. The Economic History Review, 67(2), 517-534.
  • Coşgel, M. M., & Ergene, B. A. (2016). The economics of Ottoman justice: Settlement and trial in the sharia courts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Demirkol, M. (2016). 1837 M.(1253 H.) tarih ve 20 numaralı Kütahya şer’iyye sicili. Master Thesis, Fırat University, Elazığ.
  • Dumluoğlu, E. (2010). 7 no’lu Kütahya şer’iyye sicili defterinin (1. bölüm) transkripsiyonu ve değerlendirmesi. Master Thesis, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
  • Ergene, B. A., & Berker, A. (2008). Wealth and inequality in 18th-century Kastamonu: estimations for the Muslim majority. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 40(1), 23-46.
  • Kahveci Yüngül, S. (2014). 9 no’lu Kütahya şer’iyye sicili (1812–1813 M. / 1227–1229 H.). Master Thesis, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
  • Karaca, S. (2007). Kütahya şer’iye sicillleri 22 numaralı defterinin transkripsiyonu ve değerlendirilmesi. Master Thesis, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
  • Kessler, D., Meites, T., & Miller, G. (1996). Explaining deviations from the fifty-percent rule: A multimodal approach to the selection of cases for litigation. The Journal of Legal Studies, 25(1), 233-259.
  • Kuran, T. (2004). The economic ascent of the Middle East’s religious minorities: the role of Islamic legal pluralism. The Journal of Legal Studies, 33(2), 475-515. doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/422707.
  • Kuran, T. (2018). Islam and economic performance: Historical and contemporary links. Journal of Economic Literature, 56(4), 1292-1359. doi: https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20171243.
  • Kuran, T., & Lustig, S. (2012). Judicial biases in Ottoman Istanbul: Islamic justice and its compatibility with modern economic life. The Journal of Law and Economics, 55(3), 631-666. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/665537.
  • Kutluğ Bozkurt, Ö. (2006). Kütahya şer’iye sicilleri 8 numaralı defterinin transkripsiyonu ve değerlendirilmesi. Master Thesis, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
  • North, D. C. (1992). Institutions, ideology and economic performance, Cato Journal, 11, 477-496.
  • Özer, E. (2020). Osmanlı mahkemelerindeki sulh ve davaların nicel analizi: Merkez ve taşra karşılaştırması (1800-1840). Phd Thesis, İstanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul.

DO TITLE HOLDERS ALWAYS WIN IN THE OTTOMAN COURTS?

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 27, 299 - 319, 26.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.36543/kauiibfd.2023.012

Abstract

In this study, the relationship between litigation success and the titles of the parties (plaintiff and defendant) in Ottoman courts was examined. The registers of Galata and Üsküdar courts from the center and Konya and Kütahya courts from the province between the period 1800-1840 were used. Making use of the 50% plaintiff win rate hypothesis and the factors affecting this rate in the law and economics literature, the effect of being a titleholder on litigation success is investigated by regression analyses. According to the first model, while being a title holder has a significant effect on the probability of success considering all observations and in the provincial courts, it is not valid in the center. In the second model, in which titles are categorized in more detail, variables such as representation, the burden of proof, and evidence are added as controls besides the gender and religion of the parties. Accordingly, elite titles and the burden of proof seem to be the important factors that affect the probability of success to deviate between parties to cases and across regions.

References

  • Aydın, M. A. (2015). Türk hukuk tarihi. İstanbul: Beta.
  • Bildik, F. (2010). 1837-1840 tarihlerinde Konya’nın sosyal ve ekonomik durumu (83 numaralı Konya şer’iyye siciline göre). Master Thesis, Selçuk University, Konya.
  • Bozkurt, F. (2011). Tereke defterleri ve Osmanlı maddi kültüründe değişim (1785-1875 İstanbul örneği). Phd Thesis, Sakarya University, Sakarya.
  • Court Registers. (1800-1840). Galata, 672, 702 (Meşihat ŞSC), Ottoman Archives, İstanbul.
  • Court Registers. (1796-1844). Konya, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74 and 102 (Meşihat ŞSC), Ottoman Archives, İstanbul.
  • Court Registers. (1800-1842). Kütahya, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ,16, 17, 18 and 19 (Meşihat ŞSC), Ottoman Archives, İstanbul.
  • Court Registers. (1800-1820). Üsküdar, 571, 572 and 589 (Meşihat ŞSC), Ottoman Archives, İstanbul.
  • Coşgel, M. M., & Ergene, B. A. (2014a). Dispute resolution in Ottoman courts: a quantitative analysis of litigations in eighteenth-century Kastamonu. Social Science History, 38(1-2), 183-202. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.15.
  • Coşgel, M. M., & Ergene, B. A. (2014b). “Law and economics” literature and Ottoman legal studies. Islamic Law and Society, 21(1-2), 114-144. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-02112p04.
  • Coşgel, M. M., & Ergene, B. A. (2014c). The selection bias in court records: settlement and trial in eighteenth‐century Ottoman Kastamonu. The Economic History Review, 67(2), 517-534.
  • Coşgel, M. M., & Ergene, B. A. (2016). The economics of Ottoman justice: Settlement and trial in the sharia courts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Demirkol, M. (2016). 1837 M.(1253 H.) tarih ve 20 numaralı Kütahya şer’iyye sicili. Master Thesis, Fırat University, Elazığ.
  • Dumluoğlu, E. (2010). 7 no’lu Kütahya şer’iyye sicili defterinin (1. bölüm) transkripsiyonu ve değerlendirmesi. Master Thesis, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
  • Ergene, B. A., & Berker, A. (2008). Wealth and inequality in 18th-century Kastamonu: estimations for the Muslim majority. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 40(1), 23-46.
  • Kahveci Yüngül, S. (2014). 9 no’lu Kütahya şer’iyye sicili (1812–1813 M. / 1227–1229 H.). Master Thesis, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
  • Karaca, S. (2007). Kütahya şer’iye sicillleri 22 numaralı defterinin transkripsiyonu ve değerlendirilmesi. Master Thesis, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
  • Kessler, D., Meites, T., & Miller, G. (1996). Explaining deviations from the fifty-percent rule: A multimodal approach to the selection of cases for litigation. The Journal of Legal Studies, 25(1), 233-259.
  • Kuran, T. (2004). The economic ascent of the Middle East’s religious minorities: the role of Islamic legal pluralism. The Journal of Legal Studies, 33(2), 475-515. doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/422707.
  • Kuran, T. (2018). Islam and economic performance: Historical and contemporary links. Journal of Economic Literature, 56(4), 1292-1359. doi: https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20171243.
  • Kuran, T., & Lustig, S. (2012). Judicial biases in Ottoman Istanbul: Islamic justice and its compatibility with modern economic life. The Journal of Law and Economics, 55(3), 631-666. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/665537.
  • Kutluğ Bozkurt, Ö. (2006). Kütahya şer’iye sicilleri 8 numaralı defterinin transkripsiyonu ve değerlendirilmesi. Master Thesis, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
  • North, D. C. (1992). Institutions, ideology and economic performance, Cato Journal, 11, 477-496.
  • Özer, E. (2020). Osmanlı mahkemelerindeki sulh ve davaların nicel analizi: Merkez ve taşra karşılaştırması (1800-1840). Phd Thesis, İstanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Microeconomics (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emre Özer 0000-0001-9407-5270

Publication Date June 26, 2023
Acceptance Date May 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 14 Issue: 27

Cite

APA Özer, E. (2023). DO TITLE HOLDERS ALWAYS WIN IN THE OTTOMAN COURTS?. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(27), 299-319. https://doi.org/10.36543/kauiibfd.2023.012

KAUJEASF is the corporate journal of Kafkas University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal Publishing.

KAUJEASF has been included in Web of Science since 2022 and started to be indexed in the Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI ), a Clarivate product.

2025 June issue article acceptance and evaluations are ongoing.