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Şiddet Tehditi Altında Arendtçi Başlangıç

Year 2022, , 1 - 18, 30.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.1079374

Abstract

Eylem ve şiddet, Arendt’in yapıtlarında ele aldığı temel konular arasındadır. Eylem ve şiddet arasındaki karşıtlık ise, insana ait yetilerdeki potansiyellik ve bunların insan yaşamında kökten yıkımının karşıtlığı olarak da yorumlanabilir. Arendt için eylem ve söz bu insan yetilerinin her zaman yeni biçimlerde edimselleşmesidir. Arendt’e göre bu edimselleşme, ancak insan çoğulluğu; eşit ve ayırdlı olan bireylerin çoğulluğunda gerçekleşebilir. Bu nedenle farklı görünüşlerde ve farklı araçlarda ortaya çıkan bireylere ve politik alana yönelik şiddet tehdidi, özellikle insan potansiyelini ve insan çoğulluğunu hedef alır. Ekonomik-küresel dünyamızda vurgu artık eşitlik ve politik eylem üzerinde olmadığından, şiddet belirgin biçimde artmakta, vurgu, daha çok ekonomik büyümeye katkıda bulunabilecek malzemelere kaymaktadır. İnsan da bu türden malzemeler arasında bir istisna değildir ve Arendt’in haklı biçimde dile getirdiği gibi, sürekli olarak “insan malzemesine” dönüştürülme tehdidi altındadır. Bu çerçeve düşünüldüğünde ilkin, eylem, başlangıç ve potansiyellik konularını inceleyecek ve ikinci olarak da, çoğulluk ve güç arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alacağım. Üçüncü bölümde şiddetin nasıl insan varlığını bir “insan malzemesi”ne dönüştürdüğünün bir çerçevesini sunacağım. Son bölümde ise, eşitsizlikten ve milyonlarca yerinden edilmiş insan yaratan ekonomik programlardan kaynaklanan bazı sorunlara işaret edeceğim.

References

  • Arendt, H. (1958). The Human Condition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1958.
  • Arendt, H. (1970). On Violence. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Arendt, H. (1973). The Origins of Totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Arendt, H. (1994a). Concern with Politics. Essays in Understanding 1930–1954: Formation, Exile, and Totalitarianism (ed. by J. Kohn, pp. 428–47). New York: Harcourt Brace.
  • Arendt, H. (1994b). Concern with Politics in Recent European Philosophical Thought. Essays in Understanding 1930–1954: Formation, Exile, and Totalitarianism (ed. by J. Kohn, pp. 428–47). New York: Harcourt Brace.
  • Arendt, H. (1994c). The Eggs Speak Up. Essays in Understanding 1930–1954: Formation, Exile, and Totalitarianism (ed. by J. Kohn, pp. 270–84). New York: Harcourt Brace.
  • Aristotle (1926). Nicomachean Ethics (trans. by H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library 73. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Aristotle (1933). Metaphysics – Volume I: Books 1–9 (trans. by H. Tredennick). Loeb Classical Library 271. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Aristotle (1935). Metaphysics – Volume I: Books 10–14. Oeconomica. Magna Moralia. (trans. by H. Tredennick, G. C. Armstrong). Loeb Classical Library 287. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Heidegger, M. (1997) Being and Time (trans. by J. Macquarrie & E. Robinson). Oxford: Blackwell.

Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence

Year 2022, , 1 - 18, 30.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.1079374

Abstract

Action and violence are two of the most central topics in Arendt’s works. The opposition between action and violence can also be interpreted as the opposition between the potentiality of human capacities and their fundamental destruction in human life. For Arendt, action and speech are the actualization of those capacities in their ever-new forms. However, those capacities can only be actualized in human plurality: a plurality of equal and distinct individuals. Therefore, in its different appearances and in its different tools, the threat of violence for the individual and for the political realm consists in its intrinsic aim to destruct human potentialities and human plurality. In our economical-global world, world violence increases significantly, since the emphasis is no longer on political categories such as equality or political action, but rather on everything that can be turned into materials and accelerate economic growth. Human beings are not exceptions; they are constantly under the threat of turning into “human materials” as Arendt rightly claims. Hence, in this paper I will first examine the relation between action, beginning and potentiality and second, indicate how plurality and power interact; in the third part I will outline how violence transforms human beings into human material, and in the final part I will indicate some problems of inequality and the economic agenda which produces millions of displaced people.

References

  • Arendt, H. (1958). The Human Condition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1958.
  • Arendt, H. (1970). On Violence. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Arendt, H. (1973). The Origins of Totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Arendt, H. (1994a). Concern with Politics. Essays in Understanding 1930–1954: Formation, Exile, and Totalitarianism (ed. by J. Kohn, pp. 428–47). New York: Harcourt Brace.
  • Arendt, H. (1994b). Concern with Politics in Recent European Philosophical Thought. Essays in Understanding 1930–1954: Formation, Exile, and Totalitarianism (ed. by J. Kohn, pp. 428–47). New York: Harcourt Brace.
  • Arendt, H. (1994c). The Eggs Speak Up. Essays in Understanding 1930–1954: Formation, Exile, and Totalitarianism (ed. by J. Kohn, pp. 270–84). New York: Harcourt Brace.
  • Aristotle (1926). Nicomachean Ethics (trans. by H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library 73. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Aristotle (1933). Metaphysics – Volume I: Books 1–9 (trans. by H. Tredennick). Loeb Classical Library 271. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Aristotle (1935). Metaphysics – Volume I: Books 10–14. Oeconomica. Magna Moralia. (trans. by H. Tredennick, G. C. Armstrong). Loeb Classical Library 287. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Heidegger, M. (1997) Being and Time (trans. by J. Macquarrie & E. Robinson). Oxford: Blackwell.
There are 10 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Ethics
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sanem Yazıcıoğlu This is me 0000-0001-5240-9981

Publication Date March 30, 2022
Submission Date February 21, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Yazıcıoğlu, S. (2022). Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 21(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.1079374
AMA Yazıcıoğlu S. Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence. Kaygı. March 2022;21(1):1-18. doi:10.20981/kaygi.1079374
Chicago Yazıcıoğlu, Sanem. “Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence”. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi 21, no. 1 (March 2022): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.1079374.
EndNote Yazıcıoğlu S (March 1, 2022) Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi 21 1 1–18.
IEEE S. Yazıcıoğlu, “Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence”, Kaygı, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2022, doi: 10.20981/kaygi.1079374.
ISNAD Yazıcıoğlu, Sanem. “Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence”. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi 21/1 (March 2022), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.1079374.
JAMA Yazıcıoğlu S. Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence. Kaygı. 2022;21:1–18.
MLA Yazıcıoğlu, Sanem. “Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence”. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 1, 2022, pp. 1-18, doi:10.20981/kaygi.1079374.
Vancouver Yazıcıoğlu S. Arendtian Beginning Under the Threat of Violence. Kaygı. 2022;21(1):1-18.

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