The Difference as the Individual Beings in Duns Scotus’ Metaphysics

Year 2017, , 83 - 98, 30.10.2017

Sinan Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.342188

Abstract

In this article, Duns Scotus’s metaphysics will be examined in terms of the universal concepts and the individual beings as difference or one. These problems will be discussed in the perspective of Duns Scotus’ metaphysics that is related to transcendentals and being. Duns Scotus is the philosopher of being of beings and the individual beings as the difference because he does not destroy the individual being under the essence of the universal concepts, which is the object of metaphysic. In terms of his metaphysic the universal concepts that are the essence of beings are connected to the individual beings. In order to be able to understand the problem of the individual beings and the universal concepts like species and genius, we need to know what his metaphysics is. Therefore, in this study, firstly the relationship of metaphysics and the universal concepts will be explained; secondly, what the individual being as difference is. As a result, I argue that Duns’ the idea of individual beings belongs to the difference that is the one.

Keywords

Duns Scotus, Metaphysics, God, Categories, The Individual Beings and the Difference.

References

• ARISTOTLE (1984) “Categories”, The Complete Works of Aristotle, edited by Jonathan Barnes, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
• ARISTOTLE (1984) “Metaphysics I”, The Complete Works of Aristotle, edited by Jonathan Barnes, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
• CROSS, Richard (1999) Duns Scotus-The Great Medieval Thinkers, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• HEIDEGGER, Martin (1978) “Duns Scotus’ Theory of The Categories and of Meaning”, translated by Harold Robbins, De Paul University phd Dissertation, Chicago.
• INGHAM, Mary. Beth and DREYER, Mechthild (2004) The Philosophical Vision of Duns Scotus- An Introduction, The Catholic University of America Press, Washington.
• KING, Peter (2003) “Scotus on Metaphysics”, The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus, edited by Thomas Williams, Cambridge University Press, New York 2003, pp.15-68.
• NOONE, Timoty B. (2003) “Universals and Individiduation”, The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus, edited by Thomas Williams, Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 100-178.
• PINI, Giorgio (2002), “Categories and Logic in Duns Scotus”, Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data, Leiden.
• ROBBINS, Harold (1978) “Intoduction”, Duns Scotus’ Theory of The Categories and of Meaning, translated by Harold Robbins, De Paul University phd Dissertation, Chicago, pp. I-XXXVIII.
• SCOTUS, Duns (1963) Philosophical Writings, translated by Allan Wolter, O.F.M,Netson, New York.
• SCOTUS, Duns (1994) Contingency and Freedom-Lecture I 39, translated by A. Vos Jaczn, H. Veldhuis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, London.
• VOS, Antonie (2006), The philosophy of John Duns Scotus, Edinburg University Press, Edinburg.
• WIDDER, Nathon (2001) “The Rights of Simulacra”, Deleuze and The Univocity of Being, Continental Philosophy Rewiev 34. pp. 437-453.