Temsilin Zemini: Benzerlik ve Nedensellik

Year 2020, , 1 - 24, 25.03.2020

Nazım Gökel

https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.698734

Abstract

Çağdaş literatüre göre, felsefe tarihinde iki ayrı temsil kuramı mevcuttur: i) Benzerlikçi Temsil Kuramı ve (ii) Nedenselci Temsil Kuramı. İlk bölümde ve ikinci bölümde, çağdaş literatürde ele alınan şekliyle ikinci kuramın ilk kuramı nasıl altüst ettiğini aktarmaya çalışacağım. Üçüncü bölümde ise, literatürdeki yaygın kanının aksine Nedenselci Kuram’ın Benzerlikçi Kuram’a yönelttiği eleştirilerdeki zayıflıklara ve yer yer hatalara işaret edeceğim. Benim görüşüme göre, Benzerlikçi Kuram eksik olabilir, hatta bir çok açıdan hatalı yanları da olabilir; fakat Nedenselcilerin Benzerlikçilere yönelttiği eleştiri okları ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alındığında aslında hiç bir okun hedefi vuramadığı görülecektir.

Keywords

Benzerlik, Nedensellik, Temsil, Yönelimsellik, Uzlaşım

References

• ARISTOTELES (1996). Metafizik, çev. Ahmet Arslan, İstanbul: Sosyal Yayınlar.
• AULETTA, Gennaro (2002). “Is Representation Characterized by Intrinsicity and Causality?”, Intellectica, 35(2): 83-113.
• AULETTA Gennaro (2003). “Language, Sign and Representation: An Answer to Stewart, Laurent, Reboul and Palma”, Intellectica, 36-37: 401-417.
• BARTELS, Andreas (2006). “Defending the Structural Concept of Representation”, Theoria, 21/55: 7-19.
• CUMMINS, Robert (1989). Meaning and Mental Representation, Cambridge, London: MIT Press.
• CUMMINS, Robert (1996). Representations, Targets and Attitudes, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
• DAVIDSON, Donald (1980). “Actions, Reasons and Causes”, Essays on Actions and Events, pp. 3-19, Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press.
• DENNETT, Daniel C. (1978/1998). “Artificial Intelligence as Philosophy and as Psychology”, Brainstorms: Philosophical Essays on Mind and Psychology, pp. 109-126, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
• DRETSKE, Fred I. (1988). Explaining Behavior: Reasons in a World of Causes, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
• DRETSKE, Fred I. (1995). Naturalizing the Mind, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
• FODOR, Jerry A. (1987). Psychosemantics: The Problem of Meaning in the Philosophy of Mind, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
• FODOR, Jerry A. (1992). A Theory of Content and Other Essays, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
• FRENCH, Steven (2003). “A Model-Theoretic Account of Representation (Or, I Don’t Know Much about Art… but I Know It Involves Isomorphism)”, Philosophy of Science, 70(5): 1472-1483.
• GOODMAN, Nelson (1969). Languages of Art: An Approach to a Theory of Symbols, London: Oxford University Press.
• KANT, Immanuel (1999). Critique of Pure Reason, trans. and ed. by Paul Guyer and Allen W. Wood, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• LEWIS, David (1973). “Causation”, The Journal of Philosophy, 70(17): 556-567.
• MACKIE, J. L. (1980). The Cement of the Universe: A Study of Causation, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
• MARMODORO, Anna & MAYR, Erasmus (2019). Metaphysics: An Introduction to Contemporary Debates and their History, New York: Oxford University Press.
• MILLIKAN, Ruth (1984). Language, Thought and Other Biological Categories: New Foundations for Realism, Cambridge, Mass.; London, England: MIT Press.
• MILLIKAN, Ruth (1989). “Biosemantics”, Journal of Philosophy, 86(6): 281-297.
• O’BRIEN, Gerard & OPIE, Jon (2004). “Notes Toward a Structuralist Theory of Mental Representation”, Representation in Mind: New Approaches to Mental Representation, ed. by Clapin, Staines and Slezak, pp. 1-20, Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier.
• PALMA, Adriano (2003). “On Gennaro Auletta on Representations”, Intellectica, 36-37: 397-399.
• PAPINEAU, David (1987). Reality and Representation, Oxford, UK; Cambridge, USA: Blackwell.
• PAPINEAU, David (1993). Philosophical Naturalism, Oxford, UK; Cambridge, USA: Blackwell.
• PUTNAM, Hilary (1981). Reason, Truth and History, Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]; New York: Cambridge University Press.
• REBOUL, Anne (2003). “Much Ado about Nothing: a Commentary on Auletta’s Paper”, Intellectica, 36-37: 389-395.
• STRAWSON, Galen (2018). Things That Bother Me: Death, Freedom, the Self, Etc., New York: New York Review of Books.
• WITTGENSTEIN, Ludwig (1953/1986). Philosophical Investigations, trans. by G. E. M. Anscombe, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.