Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 808 - 829, 30.09.2025

Abstract

References

  • Boltzmann L. (1898). Vorlesungen über Gastheorie, Bd. II, Leibzig.
  • Euclid. (1991). The Thirteen Books of Euclid’s Elements (trans.by T.L. Heath). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
  • Reichenbach H. (1921). Bericht über eine Axiomatik der Einsteinshen Raum-Zeit-Lehre. Phys. Zeitschr., Bd 22.
  • Reichenbach H. (1928). The Philosophy of Space and Time (trans. by M. Reichenbach and J. Freund). New York: Dover Publication Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1949). The Theory of Probability (trans. by M. Reichenbach, E.H. Hutten). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1951). The Rise of Scientific Philosophy (ed. M. Reichenbach), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University Of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1956). The Direction of Time (ed. M. Reichenbach), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University Of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1969). Axiomatization of the Theory of Relativity (trans. by M. Reichenbach ). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978) The Connection between Time and Space (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol 2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp. 189-190). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978) The Relativistic Theory of Time (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen pp. 69-80), Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Probability Inference (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.150-152). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Space (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.175-180). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Time (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.184-188). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 808 - 829, 30.09.2025

Abstract

References

  • Boltzmann L. (1898). Vorlesungen über Gastheorie, Bd. II, Leibzig.
  • Euclid. (1991). The Thirteen Books of Euclid’s Elements (trans.by T.L. Heath). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
  • Reichenbach H. (1921). Bericht über eine Axiomatik der Einsteinshen Raum-Zeit-Lehre. Phys. Zeitschr., Bd 22.
  • Reichenbach H. (1928). The Philosophy of Space and Time (trans. by M. Reichenbach and J. Freund). New York: Dover Publication Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1949). The Theory of Probability (trans. by M. Reichenbach, E.H. Hutten). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1951). The Rise of Scientific Philosophy (ed. M. Reichenbach), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University Of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1956). The Direction of Time (ed. M. Reichenbach), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University Of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1969). Axiomatization of the Theory of Relativity (trans. by M. Reichenbach ). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978) The Connection between Time and Space (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol 2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp. 189-190). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978) The Relativistic Theory of Time (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen pp. 69-80), Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Probability Inference (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.150-152). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Space (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.175-180). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Time (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.184-188). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.

An Introduction to Reichenbach’s Probabilistic Philosophy in Microstatistics on The Order of Time and The Direction of Time

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 808 - 829, 30.09.2025

Abstract

During Reichenbach’s university education in Berlin, Munich and Göttingen Universities on mathematics, physics and philosophy he had the chance of being the student of great scientists Max Planck, Arnold Sommerfeld, David Hilbert, Max Born and Albert Einstein who were the founders of quantum mechanics. He received his degree on philosophy from the University of Erlangen in 1915. His dissertation was “The Concept of Probability in the Mathemetical Representation of Reality”. According to Reichenbach “throughout the history of philosophy and the history of science the problems dealt were caused by the desire of searching certainty and determinism. Actually, very many of these problems could be solved by using the probability method, also, as a fundamental concept, time was similarly handled, and the qualitative and quantitative properties of time became problematic. Just like a vector and a metric tensor describing measurable properties of time, “the order of time” and “the direction of time” describe properties of physical processes. Uniform time and time flow are the products of Determinism and desire to search for certainty. When physical processes are handled probabilistically physical processes can be classified as reversible and irreversible. Classical mechanical processes are reversible but thermodynamical processes are irreversible. In classical mechanical processes, the order of time is generally describable and in thermodynamical processes the order of time and the direction of time are describable. The present article is intended for introduction to probabilistic philosophy on the order of time and the direction of time in microstatistics on the mixture of gas in thermodynamics.

References

  • Boltzmann L. (1898). Vorlesungen über Gastheorie, Bd. II, Leibzig.
  • Euclid. (1991). The Thirteen Books of Euclid’s Elements (trans.by T.L. Heath). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
  • Reichenbach H. (1921). Bericht über eine Axiomatik der Einsteinshen Raum-Zeit-Lehre. Phys. Zeitschr., Bd 22.
  • Reichenbach H. (1928). The Philosophy of Space and Time (trans. by M. Reichenbach and J. Freund). New York: Dover Publication Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1949). The Theory of Probability (trans. by M. Reichenbach, E.H. Hutten). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1951). The Rise of Scientific Philosophy (ed. M. Reichenbach), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University Of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1956). The Direction of Time (ed. M. Reichenbach), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University Of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1969). Axiomatization of the Theory of Relativity (trans. by M. Reichenbach ). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978) The Connection between Time and Space (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol 2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp. 189-190). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978) The Relativistic Theory of Time (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen pp. 69-80), Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Probability Inference (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.150-152). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Space (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.175-180). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Time (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.184-188). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.

Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 808 - 829, 30.09.2025

Abstract

Reichenbach, Berlin, Münih ve Göttingen Üniversitelerinde Matematik, Fizik ve Felsefe tahsili yaparken Quantum mekaniğini kurmakta olan Planck, Sommerfeld, Hilbert, Born ve Einstein’ın öğrencisi olmuştur. Probabilite Kanunlarının Realitede Geçerliliğini Kant Felsefesi Üzerine Uygulaması’yla 1915 senesinde Doktora tezini Erlangen’de tamamlamıştır. Reichenbach’a göre” Kesinlik arayışı tutkusu ve determinizm felsefe tarihi boyunca felsefedeki ve bilimdeki birçok sorunun nedenidir Halbuki bu sorunların pek çoğu probabilistik bir anlayışla çözülebilirdi. Tarih boyunca zaman temel bir kavram olarak aynı şekilde ele alındığından zamanın nicelik ve niteliği de sorunlu olmuştur.” Bu çalışma “zamanın düzeni” ve “zamanın yönü” hakkındaki probabilistik felsefeye giriş mahiyetinde olacaktır. Tıpkı vektör anlayışı, metrik tensör anlayışı ölçüm özelliklerini betimlediği gibi zamanın düzeni ve zamanın yönü de fiziksel süreçlerin özelliklerini betimlemektedir. Tek-düze zaman, zaman akışı kesinlik arayışı ve determinizm anlayışlarının birer ürünüdürler. Zamanın düzeni ve zamanın yönü probabilistik olarak ele alındığında fiziksel süreçler geri çevrilebilen süreçler ve geri çevrilemez olarak ikiye ayrılır. Klasik mekaniksel süreçlerde genellikle geri çevrilebilen süreçlerdir. Termodinamiksel süreçler geri çevrilemez süreçlerdir. Klasik mekanik süreçlerde zamanın düzeni betimlenebilirken termodinamiksel süreçlerde fiziksel sürecin düzeni ve fiziksel sürecin yönü betimlenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada zamanın düzeni ve zamanın yönü gaz moleküllerinin karışımı düzeyinde yani mikroistatistiksel düzeydeki Termodinamiksel süreçlerde probabilistik metotla incelenecektir.

References

  • Boltzmann L. (1898). Vorlesungen über Gastheorie, Bd. II, Leibzig.
  • Euclid. (1991). The Thirteen Books of Euclid’s Elements (trans.by T.L. Heath). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
  • Reichenbach H. (1921). Bericht über eine Axiomatik der Einsteinshen Raum-Zeit-Lehre. Phys. Zeitschr., Bd 22.
  • Reichenbach H. (1928). The Philosophy of Space and Time (trans. by M. Reichenbach and J. Freund). New York: Dover Publication Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1949). The Theory of Probability (trans. by M. Reichenbach, E.H. Hutten). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1951). The Rise of Scientific Philosophy (ed. M. Reichenbach), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University Of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1956). The Direction of Time (ed. M. Reichenbach), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University Of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1969). Axiomatization of the Theory of Relativity (trans. by M. Reichenbach ). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978) The Connection between Time and Space (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol 2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp. 189-190). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978) The Relativistic Theory of Time (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen pp. 69-80), Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Probability Inference (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.150-152). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Space (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.175-180). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
  • Reichenbach H. (1978). Time (trans. by E. H. Schneewind). Selected Writings Vol.2 (ed. M. Reichenbach and R. S. Cohen, pp.184-188). Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Systematic Philosophy (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Osman Ufuk Dağlı 0000-0002-7160-3971

Early Pub Date September 29, 2025
Publication Date September 30, 2025
Submission Date April 24, 2025
Acceptance Date June 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 24 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Dağlı, O. U. (2025). Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 24(2), 808-829. https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.1682956
AMA Dağlı OU. Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş. Kaygı. September 2025;24(2):808-829. doi:10.20981/kaygi.1682956
Chicago Dağlı, Osman Ufuk. “Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni Ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş”. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi 24, no. 2 (September 2025): 808-29. https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.1682956.
EndNote Dağlı OU (September 1, 2025) Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi 24 2 808–829.
IEEE O. U. Dağlı, “Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş”, Kaygı, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 808–829, 2025, doi: 10.20981/kaygi.1682956.
ISNAD Dağlı, Osman Ufuk. “Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni Ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş”. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi 24/2 (September2025), 808-829. https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.1682956.
JAMA Dağlı OU. Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş. Kaygı. 2025;24:808–829.
MLA Dağlı, Osman Ufuk. “Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni Ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş”. Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, vol. 24, no. 2, 2025, pp. 808-29, doi:10.20981/kaygi.1682956.
Vancouver Dağlı OU. Reichenbach’ın Mikroistatistikte Zamanın Düzeni ve Zamanın Yönü Hakkındaki Probabilistik Felsefesine Giriş. Kaygı. 2025;24(2):808-29.

e-ISSN: 2645-8950