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Afet Yönetiminde Açık Veri Yaklaşımı ve Kamu Yönetiminde Kapasitenin Etkin Kullanımı

Year 2026, Volume: 8 Issue: 1 , 13 - 35 , 24.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.58307/kaytek.1665401
https://izlik.org/JA76LT24AE

Abstract

Doğal tehlikelerin afetlere dönüşmesinde büyük rolü olan insan etkisi, afetlere hazırlık ve müdahale çalışmalarında kullanılan yöntemleri ve araçları sürekli geliştirme çabası içindedir. Bu durum, toplumsal iyi olma hâlinin sağlanmasına yönelik beklentiler ile afetlere neden olan yaklaşımlar ve uygulamalar arasındaki gerilimi yansıtır. Buna karşın, afetleri engelleme veya neden olduğu kayıpları ve maliyeti olabildiğince düşük tutma devletin öncelikli amacıdır.
Afetlerle mücadelede, modern yaklaşımın iki büyük paydasını oluşturan riskin ve krizin doğru şekilde yönetilmesi son derece önemlidir. Bu süreçte, afet yönetiminin tüm paydaşları arasında bilginin paylaşılması yoluyla sağlıklı bir iletişimin ve koordinasyonun sağlanması mümkündür. Bilgi teknolojilerinin sürekli gelişen doğası, kamu yönetiminde olduğu gibi afet yönetiminde de bilgiyi merkezine alan modern yaklaşımların kullanılması ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu çerçevede açık veri yaklaşımı, risk yönetiminde ve afetlerin sonuçlarıyla mücadelede daha rasyonel ve sistemli kararların verilmesini sağlayan bir model olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Afet yönetiminde açık veri yaklaşımının kullanılması, afetle mücadelede başlıca aktör olan kamu yönetiminin daha işlevsel bir rol oynamasına yardımcı olmaktadır. Bunun sonucunda örgütlenme, hukuki altyapı, politika, sosyo ekonomik boyut, dijital teknoloji gibi bileşenleri içeren mevcut kapasitenin daha etkin şekilde kullanımını mümkün olmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, açık veri yaklaşımının afet yönetimde oynadığı rol deprem üzerinden değerlendirilmiş ve Türkiye’de 6 Şubat Depremi sürecindeki mevcut uygulamalar ve yaklaşımlar betimsel yaklaşım kapsamında irdelenmiştir.

References

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Open Data Approach in Disaster Management and Effective Use of Capacity in Public Administration

Year 2026, Volume: 8 Issue: 1 , 13 - 35 , 24.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.58307/kaytek.1665401
https://izlik.org/JA76LT24AE

Abstract

Human influence, which has a major role in the transformation of natural hazards into disasters, is in an effort to constantly improve the methods and tools used in disaster preparation and response works. This reflects the tension between expectations for social well-being and the approaches and practices that cause disasters. On the other hand, the primary goal of the state is to prevent disasters or keep the losses and costs they cause as low as possible.
In disaster recovery, it is extremely important to manage risk and crisis correctly, which are the two major denominators of the modern approach. In this process, it is possible to ensure a healthy communication and coordination by sharing information among all stakeholders of disaster management. The ever-evolving nature of information technologies reveals the need to use modern approaches that put information at the center in disaster management as in public administration. In this framework, open data approach draws attention as a model that enables more rational and systematic decisions to be made in risk management and combating the consequences of disasters. The use of open data approach in disaster management helps the public administration, which is the main actor in combating disasters, to play a more functional role. As a result, it is possible to make more effective use of existing capacity, including components such as organization, legal infrastructure, policy, socio-economic dimension, digital technology.
In this study, the role of open data approach in disaster management is evaluated through the earthquake and current practices and approaches during the February 6 earthquake in Turkey are examined within the scope of a descriptive approach.

References

  • Açıklamalı Afet Yönetimi Terimleri Sözlüğü (t.y.), https://www.afad.gov.tr/aciklamali-afet-yonetimi-terimleri-sozlugu (11.03.2024).
  • Afet Yönetim ve Karar Destek Sistemi (AYDES) (t.y.), https://www.afad.gov.tr/afet-yonetim-ve-karar-destek-sistemi-projesi-aydes21 (02.03.2024).
  • Akerkar, Rajendra (2018), “Processing Big Data for Emergency Management”, Ed: Liu, Zhi ve Ota, Kaoru (Der.), Smart Technologies for Emergency Response and Disaster Management, (USA: IGI Global): 144- 166.
  • Akerkar, Rajendra ve Hong, Minsung (2020), “Introduction to Emergency Management”, Akerkar, Rajendra (Der.), Big Data in Emergency Management: Exploitation Techniques for Social and Mobile Data, (Switzerland: Springer): 1-14.
  • Altayar, Mohammed Salah (2018), “Motivations for Open Data Adoption: An Institutional Theory Perspective”, Government Information Quarterly, 35, s. 633-643.
  • Aydın, Ali Fikret (2023). “Sosyal Medyada Dezenformasyon ve Manipülasyon: 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremi Örneği”, İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12 (5), s. 2603-2624.
  • Balamir, Murat (2007), Afet Riski ve Planlama Politikaları, TMMOB Afet Sempozyumu, (Ankara: TMMOB): 31-43.
  • Barth, Benjamin, Kabbinahithilu, Govinda Chaithanya, Cola, Tomaso de, Bartzas, Alexandros ve Pantazis, Spyros (2023), “A System for Collaboration and Information Sharing in Disaster Management”, Scholl, Hans Joche, Holdeman, Eri E. Ve Boersma, F. Kees (Der.), Disaster Management and Information Technology - Professional Response and Recovery Management in the Age of Disasters, (Switzerland: Springer): 53-64.
  • Cao, Longbing (2023), “AI and Data Science for Smart Emergency, Crisis and Disaster Resilience”, International Journal of Data Science and Analytics, 15, s. 231-246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-023-00393-w.
  • Charalabidis, Yannis, Alexopoulos, Anneke Zuiderwijk Charalampos, Lampoltshammer, Marijn Janssen Thomas ve Ferro, Enrico (2018), The World of Open Data - Concepts, Methods, Tools and Experiences, (Switzerland: Spriner International Publishing AG).
  • Correia, Anacleto, Água, Pedro, B. ve Simões-Marques, Mário (2023), “The Role of Ontologies and Linked Open Data in Support of Disaster Management”, Scholl, Hans Joche, Holdeman, Eri E. ve Boersma, F. Kees (Der.),
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  • GFDRR, University of Toronto ve World Bank (2021), Responsible AI for Disaster Risk Management: Working Group Summary, https://reliefweb.int/report/world/responsible-ai-disaster-risk-management-working-group-summary (05.03.2024).
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  • Kanbara, Sakiko ve Shaw, Rajib (2022), “Disaster Risk Reduction Regime in Japan: An Analysis in the Perspective of Open Data, Open Governance”, Sustainability, 14 (19), s. 1-20, https:// doi.org/10.3390/su14010019.
  • Kondraganti, Abhilash, Narayanamurthy, Gopalakrishnan ve Sharifi, Hossein (2022), “A Systematic Literature Review on the Use of Big Data Analytics in Humanitarian and Disaster Operations”, Annals of Operations Research, s. 1-38, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-022-04904-z.
  • Köseoğlu, Özer (2015), “Kamu Politikası Sürecinde Karar Verme Modelleri”, Yıldız Mete ve Sobacı, Mehmet Zahid (Der.), Kamu Politikası Kuram ve Uygulama (Ankara: Adres Yayınları): 244-264).
  • Köseoğlu, Özer ve Sobacı, M. Zahid (2018), “Açık Yönetim Politikası ve Türkiye’de Mevcut Durumun Analizi”, Babaoğlu, Cenay ve Akman, Elvettin (Der.), Kamu Politikası Analizi: Türkiye Uygulamaları (Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi): 145-166.
  • Lemiale, Vincent, Prakash, Mahesh ve Cruz, Ana Maria (2020), “Data-Driven Approaches to Integrated Disaster Risk Management”, Int J Disaster Risk Sci, 11, s. 693–695, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-020-00324-4.
  • Li, Guoqing, Zhao, Jing, Murray, Virginia, Song, Carol ve Lianchong Zhang (2019). “Gap Analysis on Open Data Interconnectivity for Disaster Risk Research”, Geo-spatial Information Science, 22 (1), s. 45-58, DOI: 10.1080/10095020.2018.1560056.
  • Manfré, Luiz A, Hirata, Eliane, Silva, Janaína B., Shinohara, Eduardo J., Giannotti, Mariana A., Larocca, Ana Paula C. ve Quintanilha, José A. (2012), “An Analysis of Geospatial Technologies for Risk and Natural Disaster Management”, ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 1, s. 166-185, doi:10.3390/ijgi1020166.
  • Medury, Uma (2008), “Toward Disaster Resilient Communities: A New Approach for South Asia and Africa”, Pinkowski, Jack (Der.), Disaster Management Handbook, (New York: CRC Press): 337-354.
  • Muñoz, Laura Alcaide, Bolivara, Manuel Pedro Rodríguez ve Arellano, Cinthia Lorena Villamayor (2019), “Open Government Initiatives in Spanish Local Governments: An Examination of the State of the Art”, Bolivar, Manuel Pedro Rodríguez, Bwalya, Kelvin Joseph ve Reddick, Christopher G. (Der.), Governance Models for Creating Public Value in Open Data Initiatives, (Switzerland: Springer): 123-139,
  • Mwarumba, Njoki (2022), “Large Secondary Datasets: Imperative for Addressing Global Public Health Disasters”, Rivera, Jason D. (Der.), Disaster and Emergency Management Methods - Social Science Approaches in Application, (New York: Routledge): 227-241.
  • O’Connor, Helen, Hopkins, Hopkins ve Johnston, David (2021), “For the Greater Good? Data and Disasters in a Post-COVID World”, Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 51 (sup1), s. 214-231, DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2021.1900297.
  • OECD (2018), Open Government Data Report: Enhancing Policy Maturity for Sustainable Impact, OECD Digital Government Studies, (Paris: OECD Publishing), https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264305847-en.
  • Özdemir, Özge (2023), “Afet Yönetiminde Eksiklikler Neler ve Nasıl Giderilebilir?”, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/cjrw87d99n4o (07.03.2024).
  • Phillips, Brenda D. (2022), “Interviewing in a Disaster Context”, Rivera, Jason D. (Der.), Disaster and Emergency Management Methods - Social Science Approaches in Application, (New York: Routledge): 105-122.
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There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Data Management and Data Science (Other), Research, Science and Technology Policy, Public Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Samed Kurban 0000-0001-6002-1573

Submission Date March 25, 2025
Acceptance Date November 18, 2025
Publication Date March 24, 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.58307/kaytek.1665401
IZ https://izlik.org/JA76LT24AE
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kurban, S. (2026). Afet Yönetiminde Açık Veri Yaklaşımı ve Kamu Yönetiminde Kapasitenin Etkin Kullanımı. Kamu Yönetimi Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 8(1), 13-35. https://doi.org/10.58307/kaytek.1665401