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Dahil Edelerek Dışlanmış: Shakespeare’in Tiyatro Oyunlarında Türk

Year 2018, Issue: 39, 120 - 127, 28.09.2018
https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.447576

Abstract

Erken modern dönem İngiliz tiyatro oyunlarında
Türklerden bahsetmek oldukça sıradan bir hal almıştır. Shakespeare, Marlowe, Greene,
Peele ve Dekker gibi bir çok önemli tiyatro yazarı Türklerle ilgili eserler
üretmişlerdir. Görünen o ki, Türklerle ilgili eserler üretmek satış garantisi
olduğu için kitap piyasasında güvenli bir konu olmuştu. Bu şekilde de, sokak
balatları sayesinde sıradan halkın hayatına girmiş olan Türkler tiyatro
izleyicilerininde hayatına dahil edilmiş oldular. Elbette Türkler’in edebiyat
aracılığı ile İngiliz halkının hayatına dahil edilmeleri, onlar hakkında
pozitif bir bakış açısına sahip olmaları anlamına gelmiyordu. Üretilen
eserlerin çoğu Türkleri dinleriyle Hıristiyanlığa tehdit oluşturan güçlü ve
kötülük dolu bir düşman şeklinde göstermektedir. Her ne kadar son dönem
çalışmalar Shakespeare’in eserlerinin çok katmanlı okunabileceğini göstermiş
olsalar da, o’nun yaklaşımını da dönemin klişeleşmiş ve yaygın Türk algısından
farklı görmek mümkün değildir. Bu makalenin amacı Shakespeare’in oyunlarında
ortaya çıkan referansların analizleri sonucunda Türkler’in İngiliz toplumunda
ne derece dışlanarak ötekileştirdiğini irdelemektir.

References

  • Bohn, Cornelia. “Inclusion and exclusion: theories and findings. From exclusion from the community to including exclusion”. In: Gestrich, Andreas; Raphael, Lutz; Uerlings, Herbert (Ed.). Strangers and poor people: changing patterns of inclusion and exclusion in Europe and the Mediterranean World from Classical Antiquity to the present day. Frankfurt: Peter Lang. p.35-54. 2009.Hazlitt, William. Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays. London, New York : J.M. Dent ; E.P. Dutton, 1907.Jerry Brotton (2013): “Shakespeare's Turks and the spectre of ambivalence in the History Plays, Textual Practice”, DOI: 10.1080/0950236X.2013.816103Shakespeare, William. King Richard II. London & c.:, 1903Shakespeare, William. The First Part of King Henry the Fourth. London: Oxford University Press, 1903.Shakespeare, William. The Second Part of King Henry the Fourth. Edited by Samuel B. Hemingway. New Haven London : Yale University Press ; Oxford University Press 1921.Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. London & c.:, 1888.

Excluded by Inclusion: The Turk in Shakespeare’s Plays

Year 2018, Issue: 39, 120 - 127, 28.09.2018
https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.447576

Abstract

Reference to the Turk was a common practice in early
modern plays. There were, in fact, a large number of plays dealing with the
Turks by major playwrights of the period such as Shakespeare, Marlowe, Greene,
Peele and Dekker. Apparently, the Turk was a safe subject to write about for
the book market as it guaranteed sales. Thus, in a way, they were included in
the lives of the theatre audience as well as the rest of the nation that knew
about the Turk through broadside ballads. However, this inclusion of the Turk
in the lives of the English nation did not necessarily mean that they were well
received. Most of the works dealing with Turks drew a negative picture of the
Turk as strong and menacing enemy whose religion was a threat to Christianity.
Although recent scholarship has shown multi-dimensional readings of
Shakespeare’s plays, his approach cannot be held separate from the common
notion of the Turk prevalent among the playwrights of the period as well as the
English nation as a whole. This paper aims to analyse the inclusion of Turkish
race as well as references to them in some of Shakespeare’s plays to understand
to what extent they are actually excluded from the English society as the
other.

References

  • Bohn, Cornelia. “Inclusion and exclusion: theories and findings. From exclusion from the community to including exclusion”. In: Gestrich, Andreas; Raphael, Lutz; Uerlings, Herbert (Ed.). Strangers and poor people: changing patterns of inclusion and exclusion in Europe and the Mediterranean World from Classical Antiquity to the present day. Frankfurt: Peter Lang. p.35-54. 2009.Hazlitt, William. Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays. London, New York : J.M. Dent ; E.P. Dutton, 1907.Jerry Brotton (2013): “Shakespeare's Turks and the spectre of ambivalence in the History Plays, Textual Practice”, DOI: 10.1080/0950236X.2013.816103Shakespeare, William. King Richard II. London & c.:, 1903Shakespeare, William. The First Part of King Henry the Fourth. London: Oxford University Press, 1903.Shakespeare, William. The Second Part of King Henry the Fourth. Edited by Samuel B. Hemingway. New Haven London : Yale University Press ; Oxford University Press 1921.Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. London & c.:, 1888.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Şahiner

Publication Date September 28, 2018
Submission Date July 25, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 39

Cite

APA Şahiner, M. (2018). Excluded by Inclusion: The Turk in Shakespeare’s Plays. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, 39(39), 120-127. https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.447576