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BAHİS, KİŞİSEL DÖNÜŞÜM VE GÜNAHKÂR SAYGINLIK: SİLAS MARNER ROMANINDA PARADOKSAL DİNDARLIK

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 1 - 14, 24.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1472790

Abstract

On dokuzuncu yüzyıl İngiliz toplumunun gerçekçi betimlemeleriyle bilinen önemli romanları sayesinde Viktorya çağının önde gelen yazarlarından birisi olan ve yarattığı karakterlerin psikolojik durumuna dair güçlü bir sezgi sunan George Eliot (1819–1880), alt sınıftan gelen bir başkahramanı orta sınıf kurallarıyla karşılaştıran ve dini ve sosyal etkileşimi konu alan oldukça tartışmalı bir anlatımı içeren Silas Marner (1861) başlıklı romanı ile çağın erken dönemlerindeki sosyal ortam üzerine odaklanır. Eliot’ın Silas Marner romanı, her ikisi de Viktorya dönemi romanının başyapıtlarından sayılan Adam Bede (1860) ve The Mill on the Floss (1860) başlıklı romanlarını takip eder ve zamanında sahip olduğu okur beğenisinden dolayı daha az önem atfedilen eserlerden birisi durumundadır. Fakat bu roman dini inanç ile ahlaki değerlere bağlılık arasındaki dinamiklerin sunumu nedeniyle eleştirel bir incelemeyi hak etmektedir. Ortaya koyulan bu tartışmada, başkahraman Silas’ın başına gelen kader ve uğursuz karar verme sürecinden kaynaklanan olaylar önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın yaklaşımına göre Silas Marner romanı, başkahraman dini inançlarını oynadığı bahsin sonucuyla bağdaştırdığı için Viktorya dönemi dindarlık anlayışında tartışmalı bir noktayı işaret etmektedir. Bu bakımdan roman, sosyal ve dini öğretilere bağlılığının sonucunda Silas’ın yaşadığı uğursuz kader ve epey övülen dini anlayış arasındaki karşıtlığa dayanarak orta sınıf değerlerinin mantığa aykırı görünen bir anlatısı olarak incelenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal eleştiri yöntemini kullanarak Viktorya dönemi kurgularında geleneksel olarak sunulan bireysellik ve bireyin mutluluğu kavramlarının sanayileşme sürecinin en başından itibaren aldatıcı ve yanıltıcı olduğunu ortaya koymaktır.

References

  • Allen, W. (1967). George Eliot. New York: Collier Books.
  • Auster, H. (1970). Local Habitations: Regionalism in the Early Novels of George Eliot. Massachusetts: Harvard UP.
  • Bennett, J. (1966). George Eliot: Her Mind and Her Art. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Croll, A. (1999). Street disorder, surveillance and shame: regulating behaviour in the public spaces of the late Victorian British town. Social History, 24, 3 (Oct.), 250-268.
  • Dunham, R. H. (1976). Silas Marner and the Wordsworthian child. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, 16, 4 (Autumn), 645–659.
  • Eliot, G. (1999). Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe. London: Wordsworth Classics.
  • Huggins, M. J. (2000). More sinful pleasures? Leisure, respectability and the male middle classes in Victorian England. Journal of Social History, 33, 3 (Spring), 585-600.
  • Jones, R. T. (1970). George Eliot. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Koopman, C. (2016). Transforming the self amidst the challenges of chance. Diacritics, 44, 4, 40-65.
  • Leavis, F. R. (1970). The Great Tradition. Harmondsworth: Pelican.
  • Milner, I. (1966). Structure and quality in Silas Marner. Studies in English Literature, 1500–1900, 6,4 (Autumn), 717– 729.
  • Neill, A. (2008). The primitive mind of Silas Marner. ELH,75, 4 (Winter), 939-962.
  • Thompson, F. M. L. (1981). Social control in Victorian Britain. The Economic History Review, 34, 2 (May), 189-208.
  • Thomson, F. C. (1965). The theme of alienation in Silas Marner. Nineteenth-Century Fiction, 20, 1 (June), 69–84.
  • Wiesenfarth, J. (1970). Demythologizing Silas Marner. ELH, 37, 2 (June), 226–244

BETTING, SELF-TRANSFORMATION AND SINFUL RESPECTABILITY: PARADOXICAL RELIGIOUSNESS IN SILAS MARNER

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 1 - 14, 24.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1472790

Abstract

One of the leading authors of the Victorian era with her important novels well known for realistic depictions of the nineteenth-century English society and providing an insight into the psychology of her characters, George Eliot (1819-1880) focuses on social arena in the early decades of the era with Silas Marner (1861) that juxtaposes a lower-class protagonist with middle class norms and represents a highly controversial account of religious and social interaction. Eliot’s Silas Marner is preceded by Adam Bede (1860) and The Mill on the Floss (1860), both of which are masterpieces for Victorian novel, and it is one of the lesser works due to its popularity back in the day. However, the novel invites a critical analysis due to the representation of the dynamics between religious faith and devotion to ethics resulting from the infamous decision and the fate that befalls on the protagonist Silas. Silas Marner marks a controversial point in the understanding of Victorian religiousness due to the protagonist’s association of faith with the result of his betting. Therefore, the novel is analysed as an account of paradoxical middle-class values based on the dichotomy between the highly promoted religious understanding and the infamous fate of Silas following his adherence to social and religious teachings. Through social criticism, the aim of this study is to demonstrate that the notions of individuality and individual’s happiness traditionally represented in Victorian fiction have been deceptive and misleading from the beginning of the industrial era.

References

  • Allen, W. (1967). George Eliot. New York: Collier Books.
  • Auster, H. (1970). Local Habitations: Regionalism in the Early Novels of George Eliot. Massachusetts: Harvard UP.
  • Bennett, J. (1966). George Eliot: Her Mind and Her Art. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Croll, A. (1999). Street disorder, surveillance and shame: regulating behaviour in the public spaces of the late Victorian British town. Social History, 24, 3 (Oct.), 250-268.
  • Dunham, R. H. (1976). Silas Marner and the Wordsworthian child. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, 16, 4 (Autumn), 645–659.
  • Eliot, G. (1999). Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe. London: Wordsworth Classics.
  • Huggins, M. J. (2000). More sinful pleasures? Leisure, respectability and the male middle classes in Victorian England. Journal of Social History, 33, 3 (Spring), 585-600.
  • Jones, R. T. (1970). George Eliot. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Koopman, C. (2016). Transforming the self amidst the challenges of chance. Diacritics, 44, 4, 40-65.
  • Leavis, F. R. (1970). The Great Tradition. Harmondsworth: Pelican.
  • Milner, I. (1966). Structure and quality in Silas Marner. Studies in English Literature, 1500–1900, 6,4 (Autumn), 717– 729.
  • Neill, A. (2008). The primitive mind of Silas Marner. ELH,75, 4 (Winter), 939-962.
  • Thompson, F. M. L. (1981). Social control in Victorian Britain. The Economic History Review, 34, 2 (May), 189-208.
  • Thomson, F. C. (1965). The theme of alienation in Silas Marner. Nineteenth-Century Fiction, 20, 1 (June), 69–84.
  • Wiesenfarth, J. (1970). Demythologizing Silas Marner. ELH, 37, 2 (June), 226–244

СТАВКИ, САМО-ПРЕОБРАЖЕНИЕ И ГРЕХОВНАЯ РЕСПЕКТАБЕЛЬНОСТЬ: ПАРАДОКСАЛЬНАЯ РЕЛИГИОЗНОСТЬ В "САЙЛАСЕ МАРНЕРЕ"

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 1 - 14, 24.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1472790

Abstract

Благодаря своим важным романам Джордж Элиот (1819–1880), известный как один из ведущих писателей викторианской эпохи, предлагавший чёткое представление о психологическом состоянии своих персонажей и описывающий реалистические взгляды английского общества девятнадцатого века, сравнивает главного героя из низшего класса с правилами слоя среднего класса, а также их религиозным и социальным взаимодействием. Он, в своем романе “Сайлас Марнер” (1861), сосредотачивается на социальную среду в ранние периоды той эпохи. В романе содержатся весьма противоречивые повествования по поводу указанной эпохи. Роман Элиота “Сайлас Марнер” следует за его же романами ”Адам Беде” (1860) и “Мельница на Флоссе” (1860), которые считаются шедеврами викторианского периода. “Сайлас Марнер” является произведением, которому придавался меньшее значение из-за того, что читатель ценил его. Однако, этот роман заслуживает критического рассмотрения, поскольку в нём представлена динамика между верой и приверженностью моральным ценностям. В дискуссии придаётся значение к судьбе, постигшая главного героя Сайласа и событиям, ставшими результатом его зловещих решений. В данном исследовании показано, как в романе “Сайлас Марнер” указывается на спорный момент в понимании религиозности викторианского периода, поскольку главный герой связывает свои религиозные убеждения с исходом сделанного им лжи. В этом отношении в романе рассматривается противоречивое повествование о ценностях среднего класса, основанное на контрасте между злополучной судьбой Сайласа в результате его приверженности к социальным и религиозным учениям и высоко оценённым религиозным пониманиям. Цель данного исследования – с помощью метода социальной критики выявить, что концепции индивидуальности и индивидуального счастья, традиционно представленные в викторианской художественной литературе, обманчивы и вводят в заблуждение с самого начала процесса индустриализации.

References

  • Allen, W. (1967). George Eliot. New York: Collier Books.
  • Auster, H. (1970). Local Habitations: Regionalism in the Early Novels of George Eliot. Massachusetts: Harvard UP.
  • Bennett, J. (1966). George Eliot: Her Mind and Her Art. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Croll, A. (1999). Street disorder, surveillance and shame: regulating behaviour in the public spaces of the late Victorian British town. Social History, 24, 3 (Oct.), 250-268.
  • Dunham, R. H. (1976). Silas Marner and the Wordsworthian child. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, 16, 4 (Autumn), 645–659.
  • Eliot, G. (1999). Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe. London: Wordsworth Classics.
  • Huggins, M. J. (2000). More sinful pleasures? Leisure, respectability and the male middle classes in Victorian England. Journal of Social History, 33, 3 (Spring), 585-600.
  • Jones, R. T. (1970). George Eliot. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Koopman, C. (2016). Transforming the self amidst the challenges of chance. Diacritics, 44, 4, 40-65.
  • Leavis, F. R. (1970). The Great Tradition. Harmondsworth: Pelican.
  • Milner, I. (1966). Structure and quality in Silas Marner. Studies in English Literature, 1500–1900, 6,4 (Autumn), 717– 729.
  • Neill, A. (2008). The primitive mind of Silas Marner. ELH,75, 4 (Winter), 939-962.
  • Thompson, F. M. L. (1981). Social control in Victorian Britain. The Economic History Review, 34, 2 (May), 189-208.
  • Thomson, F. C. (1965). The theme of alienation in Silas Marner. Nineteenth-Century Fiction, 20, 1 (June), 69–84.
  • Wiesenfarth, J. (1970). Demythologizing Silas Marner. ELH, 37, 2 (June), 226–244
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ömer Öğünç 0000-0001-6787-4106

Publication Date June 24, 2024
Submission Date April 24, 2024
Acceptance Date May 25, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 62

Cite

APA Öğünç, Ö. (2024). BETTING, SELF-TRANSFORMATION AND SINFUL RESPECTABILITY: PARADOXICAL RELIGIOUSNESS IN SILAS MARNER. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi(62), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1472790