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Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının Açık Hava Matematik Eğitimi Üzerine Ders Planlarının İncelenmesi

Year 2026, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 44 - 72, 31.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.29299/kefad.1674055

Abstract

Bu çalışma, okul dışı matematik eğitimi bağlamında hazırlanan matematik öğretmeni adaylarının ders planlarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları, okul dışı matematik eğitimi dersine kayıtlı 41 matematik öğretmeni adayıdır. Çalışmanın veri toplama kaynaklarını, katılımcılar tarafından hazırlanan yazılı ders planı dokümanları ve ders planlarına eklenen öğrenci çalışma kağıtlarıdır. Ders planları, a) öğretim yöntemleri, b) matematiksel bağlam ve içerik, c) etkinliğin (dersin) amacı ve d) öğrenme etkinliğinin uygulanmasının planlandığı açık hava ortamları açısından içerik analizi yoluyla incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, matematik öğretmeni adaylarının öğrenmenin bilişsel yönlerine odaklandığını ve etkinlikleri için genellikle okul bahçesini ve yeşil alanları tercih ettiklerini, sıklıkla geometri ve ölçmeye vurgu yaptıklarını göstermektedir. Katılımcılar, okul dışı matematik eğitiminin sosyal ve psikomotor yönlerini örtük olarak belirtmişlerdir. Geometri ve ölçme ile ilgili matematiksel içerik sıklıkla gözlemlenmiştir. Katılımcılar, gözlem ve keşif, yaparak öğrenme, sorgulamaya dayalı öğrenme, disiplinlerarası öğrenme ve sınıf içi bağlamla ilişkilendirme gibi çeşitli yöntemler kullanmışlardır. Bu çalışmanın, okul dışı matematik eğitimi ve öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimine yönelik gelecekteki çalışmalara ışık tutacağı ön görülmektedir.

Ethical Statement

Yapılan bu çalışmada “Yükseköğretim Kurumları Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Yönergesi” kapsamında uyulması belirtilen tüm kurallara uyulmuştur. Yönergenin ikinci bölümü olan “Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine Aykırı Eylemler” başlığı altında belirtilen eylemlerden hiçbiri gerçekleştirilmemiştir. Etik değerlendirmeyi yapan kurum Aksaray Üniversitesi, Karar tarihi 3.11.2020, 2020/11-04 protokol numaralı başvuru

References

  • Alon, N. L., & Tal, T. (2017). Field trips to natural environments: How outdoor educators use the physical environment. International Journal of Science Education, 7(3), 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548455.2016.1250291
  • Aydoğdu, A. S. E., Aydoğdu, M. Z., & Aktaş, V. (2023). Okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarıyla ilgili matematik öğretmenlerinin görüşleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 55, 60-78. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1171301
  • Cooper, S. (2011). An exploration of the potential for mathematical experiences in informal learning environments. Visitor Studies, 14(1), 48-65. https://doi.org/10.1080/10645578.2011.557628
  • Doğanay, A., & Yeşilpınar-Uyar, M. (2021). Ortaokul öğretim programlarının genel amaçları. In M. F. Özmantar, H. Akkoç, B. Kuşdemir-Kayıran, & M. Özyurt (Eds.), Ortaokul matematik öğretim programları tarihsel bir inceleme. (pp. 77-115). Pegem Yayıncılık.
  • Downe‐Wamboldt, B. (1992). Content analysis: method, applications, and issues. Health Care for Women International, 13(3), 313-321. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399339209516006
  • Dyment, J. E. (2005). Green school grounds as sites for outdoor learning: Barriers and opportunities. International Research in Geographical & Environmental Education, 14(1), 28-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500790508668328
  • Duatepe-Paksu, A., Kazak, S. & Çontay, E. G. (2022). Okul dışı ortamlarda gerçekleştirilen matematik etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesi: “Her Yer Matematik Projesi”. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 541-558. https://doi.org/10.21666/muefd.1094581
  • Eshach, H. (2007). Bridging in-school and out-of-school learning: Formal, non-formal, and informal education. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 16, 171-190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-006-9027-1
  • Falk, J. H., & Dierking, L. D. (1997). School field trips: Assessing their long‐term impact. Curator: The Museum Journal, 40(3), 211-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2151-6952.1997.tb01304.x
  • Feille, K. (2021). A framework for the development of schoolyard pedagogy. Research in Science Education, 51(6), 1687-1704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-019-9860-x
  • Gilbertson, K., Ewert, A., Siklander, P., & Bates, T. (2022). Outdoor education: Methods and strategies. Human Kinetics.
  • Gray, T., & Birrell, C. (2015). ‘Touched by the Earth’: a place-based outdoor learning programme incorporating the Arts. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 15(4), 330-349. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2015.1035293
  • Higher Education Council (HEC) (2018). Elementary mathematics education undergraduate program (İlköğretim matematik öğretmenliği lisans programı). https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Kurumsal/egitim_ogretim_dairesi/Yeni-Ogretmen-YetistirmeLisans Programlari/Ilkogretim_Matematik_Lisans_Programi.pdf
  • Horton, J., & Kraftl, P. (2018). Three playgrounds: Researching the multiple geographies of children’s outdoor play. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 50(1), 214-235. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X1773532
  • Isgren Karlsson, A., Alatalo, T., Nyberg, G., & Backman, E. (2022). Exploring physical education teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards digital technology in outdoor education. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2022.2054835
  • Jankvist, U. T. (2009). A categorization of the “whys” and “hows” of using history in mathematics education. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 71, 235-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-008-9174-9
  • Jose, S., Patrick, P. G., & Moseley, C. (2017). Experiential learning theory: the importance of outdoor classrooms in environmental education. International Journal of Science Education, 7(3), 269-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548455.2016.1272144
  • Kisiel, J. (2005). Understanding elementary teacher motivations for science fieldtrips. Science Education, 89(6), 936-955. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.20085
  • Kisiel, J. (2013). Introducing future teachers to science beyond the classroom. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 24(1), 67-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10972-012-9288-x
  • Kiviranta, L., Lindfors, E., Rönkkö, M. L., & Luukka, E. (2024). Outdoor learning in early childhood education: exploring benefits and challenges. Educational Research, 66(1), 102-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2023.2285762
  • Kuş, M. (2023). Pre-service mathematics teachers’ perspectives on teaching mathematics in out-of-school learning environments. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 13(4), 2174-2195. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1289830
  • Kuş, M. (2024a). Conceptualization of Out-of-School Mathematics Education. Yaşadıkça Eğitim (Journal of Education for Life), 38(1), 245-257. https://doi.org/10.33308/26674874.2024381644
  • Kus, M. (2024b) Sanat ve matematik ilişkisinin okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarına yansıması. In M. Z. Aydoğdu (Ed.) Matematik eğitiminde okul dışı öğrenme ortamları (pp. 267- 292)). Nobel Yayıncılık. Ankara.
  • Ministry of National Education (2024). Ortaokul matematik dersi öğretim programı (5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar): Türkiye Yüzyılı Maarif Modeli. MEB. Retrieved from https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/
  • Moore, R. C. (1974). Anarchy zone: Kids' needs and school yards. The School Review, 82(4), 621-645. https://doi.org/10.1086/443157
  • Moss, M. (2009). Outdoor mathematical experiences: Constructivism, connections, and health. In B. Clarke, B. Grevholm, & R. Millman (Eds.), Tasks in primary mathematics teacher education (pp. 263–273). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09669-8
  • Nemirovsky, R., Kelton, M. L., & Civil, M. (2017). Toward a vibrant and socially significant informal mathematics education. In J. Cai. Ed., Compendium for research in mathematics education (pp. 968- 979). National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
  • Rickinson, M., Dillon J., T. K., Morris M., Y. Choi M., Sanders, D. & Benefield, P. (2004). A Review of Research on Outdoor Learning, Shrewsbury, UK: Field Studies Council.
  • Rios, J. M., & Brewer, J. (2014). Outdoor education and science achievement. Applied Environmental Education & Communication, 13(4), 234-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/1533015X.2015.975084
  • Stagg, B. C., Dillon, J., & Maddison, J. (2022). Expanding the field: using digital to diversify learning in outdoor science. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research, 4(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43031-022-00047-0
  • Watson, J., Brown, N., Wright, S. & Skalicky, J. (2011). Discovery a middle-school classroom inquiry: Estimating the height of a tree. The Australian Mathematics Teacher, 67(2), 14-21.
  • van Dijk-Wesselius, J. E., Maas, J., Hovinga, D., Van Vugt, M. V. D. B. A., & Van den Berg, A. E. (2018). The impact of greening schoolyards on the appreciation, and physical, cognitive and social-emotional well-being of schoolchildren: A prospective intervention study. Landscape and Urban Planning, 180, 15-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.003
  • van Kraalingen, I. (2023). A systematized review of the use of mobile technology in outdoor learning. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 23(3), 203-221. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2021.1984963
  • Yunker, M., Orion, N., & Lernau, H. (2011). Merging playfulness with the formal science curriculum in an outdoor learning environment. Children, Youth and Environments, 21(2), 271-293. https://doi.org/10. 1353/cye.2011.0012
  • Tal, T., Levin-Peled, R., & Levy, K. S. (2019). Teacher views on inquiry-based learning: the contribution of diverse experiences in the outdoor environment. Innovation and Education, 1(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42862-019-0004-y
  • Thompson, C. W. (2013). Activity, exercise and the planning and design of outdoor spaces. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 34, 79-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.01.003

An Investigation of Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers’ Lesson Plans on Outdoor Mathematics Education

Year 2026, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 44 - 72, 31.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.29299/kefad.1674055

Abstract

This study aimed to explore pre-service mathematics teachers’ lesson plans prepared in the context of outdoor mathematics education. Participants of the study were forty-one pre-service mathematics teachers who enrolled to a course on out-of-school mathematics education. The data sources of the study were written lesson plan documents and student’s worksheet attached to the lesson plans prepared by the participants. Their lesson plans were examined through content analysis in terms of teaching methods, the contexts and contents, and purposes behind their lesson designs, and the outdoor environments where the learning activity was planned to implement. Findings of the study highlights pre-service mathematics teachers’ focus on cognitive aspects of learning and a preference for using the schoolyard and green spaces for their activities, often emphasizing geometry and measurement. Participants implicitly mentioned social and psychomotor aspects of outdoor mathematics education. Geometry and measurement content areas were particularly observed. Participants employed several methods such as observation and exploration, hands-on learning, inquiry-based learning, interdisciplinary learning and connecting with in-class context. This study sheds light into future studies on outdoor mathematics education and development of professional training of teachers.

References

  • Alon, N. L., & Tal, T. (2017). Field trips to natural environments: How outdoor educators use the physical environment. International Journal of Science Education, 7(3), 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548455.2016.1250291
  • Aydoğdu, A. S. E., Aydoğdu, M. Z., & Aktaş, V. (2023). Okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarıyla ilgili matematik öğretmenlerinin görüşleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 55, 60-78. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1171301
  • Cooper, S. (2011). An exploration of the potential for mathematical experiences in informal learning environments. Visitor Studies, 14(1), 48-65. https://doi.org/10.1080/10645578.2011.557628
  • Doğanay, A., & Yeşilpınar-Uyar, M. (2021). Ortaokul öğretim programlarının genel amaçları. In M. F. Özmantar, H. Akkoç, B. Kuşdemir-Kayıran, & M. Özyurt (Eds.), Ortaokul matematik öğretim programları tarihsel bir inceleme. (pp. 77-115). Pegem Yayıncılık.
  • Downe‐Wamboldt, B. (1992). Content analysis: method, applications, and issues. Health Care for Women International, 13(3), 313-321. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399339209516006
  • Dyment, J. E. (2005). Green school grounds as sites for outdoor learning: Barriers and opportunities. International Research in Geographical & Environmental Education, 14(1), 28-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500790508668328
  • Duatepe-Paksu, A., Kazak, S. & Çontay, E. G. (2022). Okul dışı ortamlarda gerçekleştirilen matematik etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesi: “Her Yer Matematik Projesi”. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 541-558. https://doi.org/10.21666/muefd.1094581
  • Eshach, H. (2007). Bridging in-school and out-of-school learning: Formal, non-formal, and informal education. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 16, 171-190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-006-9027-1
  • Falk, J. H., & Dierking, L. D. (1997). School field trips: Assessing their long‐term impact. Curator: The Museum Journal, 40(3), 211-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2151-6952.1997.tb01304.x
  • Feille, K. (2021). A framework for the development of schoolyard pedagogy. Research in Science Education, 51(6), 1687-1704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-019-9860-x
  • Gilbertson, K., Ewert, A., Siklander, P., & Bates, T. (2022). Outdoor education: Methods and strategies. Human Kinetics.
  • Gray, T., & Birrell, C. (2015). ‘Touched by the Earth’: a place-based outdoor learning programme incorporating the Arts. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 15(4), 330-349. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2015.1035293
  • Higher Education Council (HEC) (2018). Elementary mathematics education undergraduate program (İlköğretim matematik öğretmenliği lisans programı). https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Kurumsal/egitim_ogretim_dairesi/Yeni-Ogretmen-YetistirmeLisans Programlari/Ilkogretim_Matematik_Lisans_Programi.pdf
  • Horton, J., & Kraftl, P. (2018). Three playgrounds: Researching the multiple geographies of children’s outdoor play. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 50(1), 214-235. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X1773532
  • Isgren Karlsson, A., Alatalo, T., Nyberg, G., & Backman, E. (2022). Exploring physical education teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards digital technology in outdoor education. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2022.2054835
  • Jankvist, U. T. (2009). A categorization of the “whys” and “hows” of using history in mathematics education. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 71, 235-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-008-9174-9
  • Jose, S., Patrick, P. G., & Moseley, C. (2017). Experiential learning theory: the importance of outdoor classrooms in environmental education. International Journal of Science Education, 7(3), 269-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548455.2016.1272144
  • Kisiel, J. (2005). Understanding elementary teacher motivations for science fieldtrips. Science Education, 89(6), 936-955. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.20085
  • Kisiel, J. (2013). Introducing future teachers to science beyond the classroom. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 24(1), 67-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10972-012-9288-x
  • Kiviranta, L., Lindfors, E., Rönkkö, M. L., & Luukka, E. (2024). Outdoor learning in early childhood education: exploring benefits and challenges. Educational Research, 66(1), 102-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2023.2285762
  • Kuş, M. (2023). Pre-service mathematics teachers’ perspectives on teaching mathematics in out-of-school learning environments. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 13(4), 2174-2195. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1289830
  • Kuş, M. (2024a). Conceptualization of Out-of-School Mathematics Education. Yaşadıkça Eğitim (Journal of Education for Life), 38(1), 245-257. https://doi.org/10.33308/26674874.2024381644
  • Kus, M. (2024b) Sanat ve matematik ilişkisinin okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarına yansıması. In M. Z. Aydoğdu (Ed.) Matematik eğitiminde okul dışı öğrenme ortamları (pp. 267- 292)). Nobel Yayıncılık. Ankara.
  • Ministry of National Education (2024). Ortaokul matematik dersi öğretim programı (5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar): Türkiye Yüzyılı Maarif Modeli. MEB. Retrieved from https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/
  • Moore, R. C. (1974). Anarchy zone: Kids' needs and school yards. The School Review, 82(4), 621-645. https://doi.org/10.1086/443157
  • Moss, M. (2009). Outdoor mathematical experiences: Constructivism, connections, and health. In B. Clarke, B. Grevholm, & R. Millman (Eds.), Tasks in primary mathematics teacher education (pp. 263–273). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09669-8
  • Nemirovsky, R., Kelton, M. L., & Civil, M. (2017). Toward a vibrant and socially significant informal mathematics education. In J. Cai. Ed., Compendium for research in mathematics education (pp. 968- 979). National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
  • Rickinson, M., Dillon J., T. K., Morris M., Y. Choi M., Sanders, D. & Benefield, P. (2004). A Review of Research on Outdoor Learning, Shrewsbury, UK: Field Studies Council.
  • Rios, J. M., & Brewer, J. (2014). Outdoor education and science achievement. Applied Environmental Education & Communication, 13(4), 234-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/1533015X.2015.975084
  • Stagg, B. C., Dillon, J., & Maddison, J. (2022). Expanding the field: using digital to diversify learning in outdoor science. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research, 4(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43031-022-00047-0
  • Watson, J., Brown, N., Wright, S. & Skalicky, J. (2011). Discovery a middle-school classroom inquiry: Estimating the height of a tree. The Australian Mathematics Teacher, 67(2), 14-21.
  • van Dijk-Wesselius, J. E., Maas, J., Hovinga, D., Van Vugt, M. V. D. B. A., & Van den Berg, A. E. (2018). The impact of greening schoolyards on the appreciation, and physical, cognitive and social-emotional well-being of schoolchildren: A prospective intervention study. Landscape and Urban Planning, 180, 15-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.003
  • van Kraalingen, I. (2023). A systematized review of the use of mobile technology in outdoor learning. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 23(3), 203-221. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2021.1984963
  • Yunker, M., Orion, N., & Lernau, H. (2011). Merging playfulness with the formal science curriculum in an outdoor learning environment. Children, Youth and Environments, 21(2), 271-293. https://doi.org/10. 1353/cye.2011.0012
  • Tal, T., Levin-Peled, R., & Levy, K. S. (2019). Teacher views on inquiry-based learning: the contribution of diverse experiences in the outdoor environment. Innovation and Education, 1(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42862-019-0004-y
  • Thompson, C. W. (2013). Activity, exercise and the planning and design of outdoor spaces. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 34, 79-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.01.003
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Out-of-School Learning, Mathematics Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mehtap Özen (kuş) 0000-0001-7891-9912

Submission Date April 11, 2025
Acceptance Date June 30, 2025
Publication Date January 31, 2026
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 27 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özen (kuş), M. (2026). Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının Açık Hava Matematik Eğitimi Üzerine Ders Planlarının İncelenmesi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(1), 44-72. https://doi.org/10.29299/kefad.1674055