ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNE YÖNELİK SOSYAL SORUMLULUK ÖLÇEĞİ'NİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

Year 2019, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 751 - 792, 01.05.2019

Önder Eryılmaz Handan Deveci

Abstract

Günümüzde bireylerden yalnızca kişisel sorumluluklarını yerine getirmeleri değil, sosyal sorumluluk bilinci ile hareket etmeleri de beklenmektedir. Dolayısıyla bireylerin sosyal sorumluluk sahibi vatandaşlar olarak yetiştirilmesine yönelik yapılan araştırmalar bu beklentinin karşılanması için önemli görülmektedir. Araştırmaların gerçekleştirilmesi için bir takım özelliklere sahip veri toplama araçlarına gereksinim duyulmaktadır. Araştırmacıların kullandığı veri toplama araçlarından birisi de ölçeklerdir. Alanyazın incelendiğinde ortaokul öğrencileri için geliştirilen sosyal sorumluluk ölçeğine rastlanılamamıştır. Bu gereksiniminden hareketle bu araştırmada ortaokul öğrencilerine yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir sosyal sorumluluk ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ölçeğin geliştirilmesinde likert yöntemi benimsenmiş, madde havuzu oluşturulmuş, maddeler uzman görüşüne sunulmuş ve Lawshe Tekniği ile analiz edilerek kapsam geçerliği çalışması yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek için açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizinde AFA temel bileşenler analizi ve oblimin döndürme işlemi uygulanmıştır. AFA sonucunda ortaya çıkan yapıyı doğrulamak için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi DFA yapılmıştır. DFA’da, modifikasyon yapıldıktan sonra uyum indekslerinin kabul edilebilir düzeyin üstünde olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer yandan ölçeğin güvenirliği için Cronbach’s Alpha değeri ve test-tekrar test yöntemi kullanılarak Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak ortaokul öğrencileri için 4 faktörlü, 17 maddeli geçerli ve yüksek düzeyde güvenilir Sosyal Sorumluluk Ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Araştırmacılar Sosyal Sorumluluk Ölçeği’nden deneme modelinde gerçekleştirecekleri çalışmalarında ve öğrencilerin sosyal sorumluluk düzeyleri ile belirleyecekleri değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak amacıyla yararlanabilirler.

Keywords

Sosyal sorumluluk, Ölçek, Geçerlik, Güvenirlik

Development of Social Responsibility Scale for Secondary School Students

Abstract

In the contemporary world individuals are expected not only to fulfill their personal responsibilities but also to act with social responsibility. It is thus important to conduct research about how to educate individuals to be socially responsible in order to meet this expectation. In order to carry out this research, data collection tools with specific characteristics are required. One data collection tool often used by the researchers is the scale. When the literature was examined, a scale assessing social responsibility specifically developed for secondary school students could not be found. As a result, this study aimed to develop a valid and reliable Social Responsibility Scale for secondary school students. The Likert method was adopted in the development of the scale: an item pool was created, the items were subjected to expert opinion and analyzed using Lawshe’s method, and a content validity study was conducted. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to determine the construct validity of the scale. In the exploratory factor analysis EFA , the principal components analysis and oblimin rotation were applied. Confirmatory factor analysis CFA was performed to confirm the structure resulting from the EFA. After modification, the fit indices were found to be above the acceptable level. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was calculated using the Cronbach's alpha value and the test-retest method for reliability of the scale. As a result, a 4- factor, 17-item valid and highly reliable Social Responsibility Scale was developed for secondary school students. Researchers can use the Social Responsibility Scale to investigate the relationship between students' levels of social responsibility and the variables determined in their experimental studies.

Keywords

Social responsibility, Scale, Validity, Reliability

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