Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective

Mehmet Fikret Gelibolu

doi:10.24106/kefdergi.1939356

EN TR

Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective

Abstract

This study investigates the factors influencing higher education students’ self-reported use of generative AI (Gen-AI) chatbots through an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The model incorporates trust and individual impact alongside perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use to better explain students’ adoption behavior. Usage is defined as the self-reported frequency of chatbot use rather than post-adoption continuance intention. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 303 higher education students. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in Smart-PLS after confirming the reliability and validity of the measurement model. It's shown that perceived ease-of-use significantly affects both perceived usefulness and self-reported usage. Perceived usefulness also positively influences usage frequency. Trust shapes students’ perceptions of ease of use and usefulness but does not directly affect usage. Moreover, usage has a strong positive impact on individual outcomes, indicating academic and personal benefits associated with frequent use. Ease of use and perceived usefulness are the key drivers of students’ Gen-AI use. Trust influences adoption indirectly by shaping these perceptions. Sustained use of these tools enhances academic and personal outcomes, and the extended TAM proves to be a suitable framework for explaining Gen-AI adoption in higher education contexts.

Keywords

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI), Technology acceptance model (TAM), Trust, Individual impact, Higher education

Yüksek Öğretim Öğrencilerinin Üretken Yapay Zekâ Sohbet Robotlarını Kullanımının Belirleyicileri: Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM) Bakış Açısı

Abstract

Bu çalışma, genişletilmiş bir Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM) aracılığıyla, yükseköğretim öğrencilerinin üretken yapay zekâ (Gen-AI) sohbet robotlarını kendi bildirimlerine göre kullanmalarını etkileyen etmenleri araştırmaktadır. Model, öğrencilerin benimseme davranışlarını daha iyi açıklamak için algılanan yarar ve algılanan kullanım kolaylığının yanı sıra güven ve bireysel etkiyi de içermektedir. Kullanım, benimseme sonrası devam etme niyeti yerine, sohbet robotu kullanımının kendi bildirimlerine göre sıklığı olarak tanımlanmıştır. 303 yükseköğretim öğrencisiyle nicel, kesitsel bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Veriler, ölçüm modelinin güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği doğrulandıktan sonra Smart-PLS'de Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (YEM) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Algılanan kullanım kolaylığının hem algılanan yararı hem de gerçek kullanımı önemli ölçüde etkilediği gösterilmiştir. Algılanan yarar ayrıca kullanım sıklığını da olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Güven, öğrencilerin kullanım kolaylığı ve yarar algılarını şekillendirmekte ancak kullanımı doğrudan etkilememektedir. Üstelik kullanımın bireysel sonuçlar üzerinde güçlü bir olumlu etkisi vardır ve sık kullanımla ilişkili akademik ve kişisel yararı ortaya koymaktadır. Kullanım kolaylığı ve algılanan yarar, öğrencilerin üretken yapay zekâyı kullanmalarının temel belirleyicileridir. Güven, bu algıları şekillendirerek dolaylı olarak benimsemeyi etkilemektedir. Bu araçların sürekli kullanımı akademik ve kişisel sonuçları iyileştirmekte ve genişletilmiş TKM, yükseköğretim bağlamlarında üretken yapay zekânın benimsenmesini açıklamak için uygun bir çerçeve olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır.

Keywords

Üretken yapay zekâ, Teknoloji kabul modeli (TKM), Güven, Bireysel etki, Yüksek öğretim

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Instructional Technologies

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mehmet Fikret Gelibolu
0000-0002-3780-3005
Türkiye

Publication Date

April 30, 2026

Submission Date

November 9, 2025

Acceptance Date

March 26, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 34 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.1939356

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA96NA47ED

APA

Gelibolu, M. F. (2026). Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective. Kastamonu Education Journal, 34(2), 290-310. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.1939356

AMA

1.Gelibolu MF. Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective. Kastamonu Education Journal. 2026;34(2):290-310. doi:10.24106/kefdergi.1939356

Chicago

Gelibolu, Mehmet Fikret. 2026. “Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective”. Kastamonu Education Journal 34 (2): 290-310. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.1939356.

EndNote

Gelibolu MF (April 1, 2026) Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective. Kastamonu Education Journal 34 2 290–310.

IEEE

[1]M. F. Gelibolu, “Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective”, Kastamonu Education Journal, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 290–310, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.24106/kefdergi.1939356.

ISNAD

Gelibolu, Mehmet Fikret. “Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective”. Kastamonu Education Journal 34/2 (April 1, 2026): 290-310. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.1939356.

JAMA

1.Gelibolu MF. Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective. Kastamonu Education Journal. 2026;34:290–310.

MLA

Gelibolu, Mehmet Fikret. “Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective”. Kastamonu Education Journal, vol. 34, no. 2, Apr. 2026, pp. 290-1, doi:10.24106/kefdergi.1939356.

Vancouver

1.Mehmet Fikret Gelibolu. Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective. Kastamonu Education Journal. 2026 Apr. 1;34(2):290-31. doi:10.24106/kefdergi.1939356

Kastamonu Education Journal is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.

Determinants of Higher Education Students’ Use of Generative AI Chatbots: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective

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Yüksek Öğretim Öğrencilerinin Üretken Yapay Zekâ Sohbet Robotlarını Kullanımının Belirleyicileri: Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM) Bakış Açısı

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