A Dry Cargo Coaster Tonnage Selection Model For Shipping Companies In Turkey

Abstract

There should usually be a physical distance between the production, use and consumption points of the products, and one of the most important logistics activities in the supply chain is transportation. The method that enables transportation to reach the widest areas in the world is sea transportation. With maritime transport, continents and countries connect with each other and realize the supply chain. The two main criteria of maritime transport are ships and ports. It is very important to determine the ideal ship size that the ships used in maritime transportation are of different types according to the load, distance and location. There are more than one decision making model and decision criteria in determining the ideal dimensions of the ships. For this reason, shipping companies have difficulties in choosing the right ship size in their investment and operation decisions. There are two main criteria in ship types. They are ships engaged in long-distance sea transport and short-distance sea transport. Maritime companies have the chance to find all kinds of cargo with their ships regarding long-distance maritime transport. In short-distance maritime transport, the choice of ship is more limited. Coasters, which are the most used ship type in short-distance sea transportation, play an important role in the Turkish Maritime Industry. Therefore, Electre method, which is one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods, was used in this study to reveal the ideal dead weight tonnage (DWT) of a dry cargo coaster for shipping companies in Turkey. The coasters were divided into five categories according to their tonnage capacities, and then dry cargo coaster experts were asked for their opinions on five tonnage categories. The obtained data were evaluated with the Electre method and the optimal coaster tonnage was revealed

Keywords

• Dry cargo ships
• Coaster ships
• Electre method
• Ship tonnage selection
• Shipping companies.

Türkiye'deki Denizcilik Firmaları İçin Bir Kuru Yük Kosteri Tonajı Belirleme Modeli

Abstract

Ürünlerin üretim, kullanım ve tüketim noktaları arasında genellikle fiziksel bir mesafe bulunması gerektiğinden, tedarik zincirinde ürünlerin müşteri ile buluşturulmasında en önemli lojistik faaliyetlerden biri de taşımadır. Taşımacılığın dünya üzerinde en geniş alanlara ulaşmasını sağlayan yöntem ise deniz taşımacılığıdır. Deniz taşımacılığı sayesinde kıtalar ve ülkeler birbirleriyle bağlanarak tedarik zincirini gerçekleştirmektedirler. Deniz taşımacılığın iki ana unsuru gemiler ve limanlardır. Deniz taşımacılığında kullanılan gemilerin yük, mesafe ve konuma göre farklı tiplerde olmalarıda ideal gemi boyutunun belirlenmesi için çok önemlidir. Gemilerin ideal boyutlarının belirlenmesinde birden çok fazla karar verme modeli ve karar kriteri bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle denizcilik şirketleri, gemi konusunda yatırım ve işletme kararlarında doğru gemi boyutunu seçmenin zorluklarıyla karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Gemi tiplerinde iki ana kriter bulunmaktadır. Uzak mesafe denizyolu taşımacılığı ve kısa mesafe denizyolu taşımacılığı yapan gemilerdir. Denizcilik şirketleri uzak mesafe denizyolu taşımacılığı konusunda gemileriyle her türlü yük bulma şansına sahiptirler. Kısa mesafe denizyolu taşımacılığında ise gemi seçimi daha sınırlı kalmaktadır. Kısa mesafe denizyolu taşımacılığında en çok kullanılan gemi tipi olan kosterler, Türk Denizcilik Sektöründe önemli bir rol oynamaktadırlar. Bu nedenle, Türkiye'deki denizcilik şirketleri için bir kuru yük kosterinin ideal deadweight (DWT) ortaya çıkarmak için bu çalışmada çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden biri olan Electre yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kosterler, tonaj kapasitelerine göre beş kategoriye ayrılmış ve ardından kuru yük koster gemileri konusunda uzmanlardan beş tonaj kategorisi için görüş istenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler Electre yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiş ve optimal koster tonajı ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Keywords

• Kuru yük gemileri
• Coaster gemileri
• Electre yöntemi
• Gemi tonaj seçimi
• Denizcilik şirketleri.

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