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The Development of City Marketing and Sustainability Concepts of Mardin Province Throughout the Republican History and Its Relationship with Social Entrepreneurship

Year 2023, , 407 - 437, 29.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1353538

Abstract

With the Izmir Economic Congress emphasizing economic independence, strategies for economic development in the early years of the republic were developed for agriculture, industry and services sectors. In 1929, agriculture accounted for 89% of employment and 44.5% of GDP, confirming Atatürk's statement that agriculture was the foundation of the national economy. The development of tourism, on the other hand, matured later than agriculture, as more effective investment decisions regarding tourism were made after 1950. When the development of tourism in Mardin province is analyzed in terms of the history of the Republic, the first available data is from 2008. However, the fate of Mardin province in terms of tourism changed with the activities of Ebru Baybara Demir, who leaded marketing the city after 1999. Social entrepreneurship creates social value through the use of necessary resources in solving social problems and meeting needs. In the city of Mardin, social problems such as unemployment, women's employment and migration have begun to be solved by social entrepreneur Ebru Baybara Demir, who has created an economy by pioneering touristic travel plans and city marketing activities. In addition to Mardin's specific problems, she has also developed projects on sustainability, which is also valid for the country and even the world in general, and has also provided social benefit. Especially her work on food security and sustainability in agriculture, and the projects developed in Mardin have started to be followed in neighboring cities and across Turkey. This study aims to reveal the relationship between the concepts of tourism, city marketing and sustainability and social entrepreneurship in Mardin province during the republican period. For the research, the interviews of social entrepreneur Ebru Baybara Demir on Youtube were analyzed by content analysis method in Maxqda program. As a result of the analysis, the positive impact of social entrepreneurship on city marketing and sustainability was determined. In addition, the positive impact of city marketing on social entrepreneurship was also identified.

References

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Cumhuriyet Tarihi Boyunca Mardin İlinin Şehir Pazarlaması ve Sürdürülebilirlik Kavramlarının Gelişimi ve Sosyal Girişimcilik ile İlişkisi

Year 2023, , 407 - 437, 29.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1353538

Abstract

İzmir İktisat Kongre’sinde ekonomik bağımsızlık vurgusu yapılmasıyla, cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında iktisadi kalkınma için tarım, sanayi ve hizmet sektörleri için stratejiler geliştirilmiştir. 1929’da tarımın istihdamdaki payının %89, GSYİH’daki payının % 44.5 olması, Atatürk’ün milli ekonominin temelini ziraat olarak ifade etmesini doğrulamaktadır. Turizm ile ilgili, daha etkili yatırım kararlarına 1950’den sonra sıra gelmesi nedeniyle, turizmin gelişimi ise, tarıma kıyasla daha geç olgunlaşmıştır. Mardin ili özelinde Cumhuriyet tarihi açısından turizmin gelişimi incelendiğinde, ulaşılabilir ilk veri 2008 yılındadır. Ancak Mardin ilinin turizm açısından kaderi, 1999’dan sonra şehrin pazarlamasına öncülük eden, Ebru Baybara Demir’in faaliyetleri ile değişmiştir. Sosyal girişimcilik, toplumsal sorunların çözümünde ve ihtiyaçların karşılanmasında, gerekli kaynakların kullanılması yoluyla toplumsal değer oluşturmaktadır. Mardin şehrinde, işsizlik, kadın istihdamı, göç gibi toplumsal sorunlar, sosyal girişimci Ebru Baybara Demir’in turistik gezi planlarına ve şehir pazarlama faaliyetlerine öncülük ederek bir ekonomi oluşturması ile çözümlenmeye başlamıştır. Ebru Baybara Demir, Mardin’in özel sorunları dışında, ülke ve hatta dünya genelinde de geçerli olan sürdürülebilirlik konusunda da projeler geliştirerek, yine toplumsal fayda sağlamıştır. Özellikle gıdanın güvenliği ve tarımda sürdürülebilirlik ekseninde yaptığı çalışmalar ve Mardin’de geliştirilen projeler çevre kentler ve Türkiye genelinde de takip edilmeye başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Mardin ilinde cumhuriyet dönemi boyunca turizm, şehir pazarlaması ve sürdürülebilirlik kavramlarının sosyal girişimcilik ile ilişkisinin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma için, sosyal girişimci Ebru Baybara Demir’in Youtube’da yer alan söyleşileri Maxqda programında içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, sosyal girişimciliğin şehir pazarlamasına ve sürdürülebilirliğe olumlu etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, şehir pazarlamanın da sosyal girişimciliğe olumlu etkisi tespit edilmiştir.

References

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  • Aquino, R.S., Lück, M., & Schänzel, H.A. (2018, February). Tourism social entrepreneurship for sustainable community development: Review and conceptual framework, Conference Paper https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323130033 ·
  • Austin, J., H. Stevenson, & J. Wei-Skillern. (2006). Social and commercial entrepreneurship: Same, different, or both? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 31(1), 1–22.
  • Babbie, E. (2004). The practise of social research, (10 th ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth / Thomson Learning
  • Bacq, S., & Janssen, F. (2011). The multiple faces of social entrepreneurship: A review of definitional issues based on geographical and thematic criteria. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 23, 373–403.
  • Balencourt A., Zafra A.C. (2012). City Marketing: How to promote a city? The case of Umeå, Master Thesis, Umeå Univetsity, School of Business, Umeå, Sweden.
  • Bansal,S., Garg, I., & Sharma,G.D. (2019). Social Entrepreneurship as a Path for Social Change and Driver of Sustainable Development: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda, Sustainability, 11, 1091
  • Bas, T., & Akturan, U. (2008). Nitel arastırma yöntemleri- NVivo 7.0 ile nitel veri analizi. (Birinci Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • Berglund, E., & Olsson, K., (2010). Rethinking place marketing: A literature review, 50th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: "Sustainable Regional Growth and Development in the Creative Knowledge Economy", 19-23 August 2010, Jönköping, Sweden, European Regional Science Association (ERSA), Louvain-la-Neuve
  • Bernard, H. R., & Ryan, G. (2010). Analyzing qualitative data systematic approaches. California: Sage Publications.
  • Borusan Holding / Geleceğe İlham Buluşması. (2023). Ebru Baybara Demir ve Türev Uludağ / 8 Mart Dünya Kadınlar Günü. [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64e8Qs1KaDY
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  • Charter, M., Peattie, K., Ottman, J., & Polonsky, M.J., (2002, April). Marketing and sustainability, published by: Centre for Business Relationships, Accountability, Sustainability and Society (BRASS), in association with The Centre for Sustainable Design2
  • Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1988). The influence of organization structure on the utility of an entrepreneurial top management style. Journal of Management Studies, 25(3), 217–259.
  • Çelebi, D., (2021). Social entrepteneurship in gastronomy industry: a holistic approach, Yaşar Üniversitesi, İşletme Yönetimi Doktora Programı, Doktora Tezi.
  • Çımat, A., & Bahar, O. (2003). Turizm sektörünün Türkiye ekonomisi içindeki yeri ve önemi üzerine bir değerlendirme. Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, (6) 2003, 1-18
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  • Demir, E. B. (2019). TMK Talks- Türkiye’nin mühendis kızları. [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFdBvkJgf1Q
  • Demir, E. B. (2017). Yola çıktım Mardin’e [Video]. TedxReset, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDVJ47KYXBw
  • Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2000). Handbook of qualitative research. (Second Edition). California: Sage Publication.
  • Dernek, Z. (2006). Cumhuriyet’in Kuruluşundan Günümüze Tarımsal Gelişmeler, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 1-12.
  • Eroğlu, N. (2007). Atatürk dönemi iktisat politikaları, Marmara Üniversitesi, İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 23(2).
  • Eryılmaz, G. A., & Kılıç, O. (2018). Türkiye’de Sürdürülebilir Tarım ve İyi Tarım Uygulamaları, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(4), 624-631.
  • Evcin, E., (2014, Güz). Türkiye cumhuriyeti’nin ilk yıllarında turizm ve tanıtma faaliyetleri, Ankara Üniversitesi Türk İnkılâp Tarihi Enstitüsü Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, (55), s. 23-82
  • Gertner, D., (2011). A (tentative) meta-analysis of the ‘place marketing’ and ‘place branding’ literatüre, Journal of Brand Management, 19(2), 112–131
  • Halme, M., & Korpela, M. (2014). Responsible innovation toward sustainable development in small and medium-sized enterprises: A resource perspective, Business Strategy and the Environment, 23, 547–566.
  • Haugh, H., (2005). A research agenda for social entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise Journal, March, https://ebrubaybarademir.com/kimdir/
  • (https://www.izmiriktisatkongresi.org/)
  • https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turizm-Istatistikleri-IV.Ceyrek:-Ekim-Aralik-ve-Yillik,-2022-49606)
  • https://cevreselgostergeler.csb.gov.tr/gayri-safi-yurtici-hasilanin-sektorel-dagilimi-i-85707
  • https://noktahaberyorum.com/dunyada-ve-turkiyede-yoksulluk-artiyor.html
  • https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/SGB/Belgeler/Veriler/GSYH.pdf
  • https://turkiye.un.org/tr/sdgs#
  • Kassarjian, H. H. (1971). Incorporating ecology into marketing strategy: The case of air pollution. Journal of Marketing, 35(3), 61-65.
  • Khefacha, I., & Belkacem, L., (2016). Technology-based ventures and sustainable development: Cointegrating and causal relationships with a panel data approach, The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 25, 192–212.
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There are 75 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Ecology, Sustainability and Energy, Tourism Policy, Tourism (Other)
Journal Section All Articles
Authors

Behiye Beğendik 0000-0002-7615-2049

Publication Date October 29, 2023
Submission Date August 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Beğendik, B. (2023). Cumhuriyet Tarihi Boyunca Mardin İlinin Şehir Pazarlaması ve Sürdürülebilirlik Kavramlarının Gelişimi ve Sosyal Girişimcilik ile İlişkisi. Kent Akademisi, 16(Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin 100. Yılı Özel Sayısı | Special Issue for the 100th Anniversary of the Republic of Türkiye), 407-437. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1353538

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