Turizm Eğitimi Alan Öğrencilerin Algıladıkları İletişim Becerilerinin Girişimcilik Niyetine Etkisinde Öz Yeterliliğin Aracılık Rolü

Abstract

ÖZ Bu çalışmanın amacı, turizm eğitimi alan öğrencilerin algıladıkları iletişim becerilerinin girişimcilik niyetine etkisinde öz yeterliliğin aracı rolünün belirlenmesine yöneliktir. Bu kapsamda Mersin Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesinde lisans ve lisansüstü eğitim gören öğrenciler üzerine bir alan araştırması yapılmıştır. Anket tekniğinden ve kolayda örnekleme yönteminden faydalanılarak toplam 396 anket toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler uygun analiz programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan yapısal eşitlik modellemesi sonucunda, öğrencilerin algıladıkları iletişim becerilerinin girişimcilik niyeti üzerinde pozitif bir etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Diğer taraftan algılanan iletişim becerilerinin öz yeterliliği pozitif yönde etkilediği, öz yeterliliğin de girişimcilik niyetini pozitif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Nihai olarak bootstrap testi sonuçlarına göre aracı etkinin anlamlılığı kontrol edilmiş ve algılanan iletişim becerilerinin girişimcilik niyetine etkisinde öz yeterliliğinin aracı etkisinin anlamlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları ise teorik ve pratik katkılar dâhilinde ele alınmış ve eğitim müfredatlarına ve gelecek araştırmalara yönelik birtakım önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

• Algılanan İletişim Becerileri
• Girişimcilik Niyeti
• Öz Yeterlilik
• Turizm Eğitim Müfredatı

The Mediating Role Of Self-Efficacy İn The İmpact Of Perceived Communication Skills Of Tourism Students On Entrepreneurial İntentions

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the mediating role of self-efficacy in the impact of perceived communication skills of tourism students on entrepreneurial intentions. A field survey was conducted among undergraduate and graduate students at the Faculty of Tourism of Mersin University. A total of 396 surveys were collected using the questionnaire technique and convenience sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using appropriate analysis programs. The structural equation modeling revealed a positive impact of students' perceived communication skills on entrepreneurial intentions. Additionally, it was found that perceived communication skills positively influence self-efficacy, and self-efficacy, in turn, positively affects entrepreneurial intentions. Finally, bootstrap test results confirmed the significance of the mediating effect, indicating that self-efficacy mediates the relationship between perceived communication skills and entrepreneurial intentions. The findings of the analysis were discussed in terms of theoretical and practical contributions, suggesting implications for educational curricula and future research directions.

Keywords

• Perceived Communication Skills
• Entrepreneurial Intentions
• Self-Efficacy
• Tourism Education Curriculum

References

1. Akkuş, Y. (2023). Girişimcilikte sosyal engeller ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi ve kontrol odağı, girişimcilik niyeti ile ilişkisi. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 12(2), 81-98. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jeim/issue/81564/1350416
2. Arpacı, S. (2022). Turist rehberlerinin öz yeterlilik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Journal of Tourism Research Institute, 3(1), 59-70. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jtri/issue/71514/1125189
3. Bambacas, M., & Patrickson, M. (2008). Interpersonal communication skills that enhance organizational commitment. Journal of Communication Management, 12(1), 51-72. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108
4. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1986(23-28), 2.
5. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy the exercise of control. New York: H. Freeman & Co. Student Success, 333, 48461.
6. Baron, R. A., & Markman, G. D. (2003). Beyond social capital: The role of entrepreneurs' social competence in their financial success. Journal of business venturing, 18(1), 41-60. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0883902600000690
7. Bednar, A. S., & Olney, R. J. (1987). Communication needs of recent graduates. The Bulletin of the Association for Business Communication, 50(4), 22–23. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/108056998705000408
8. Brownell, J. (2012). Listening: Attitudes, Principles, and Skills. Pearson.

9. Brownell, J. (2016). Listening: Attitudes, Principles and Skills. (5th ed.). Routlegde.
10. Cuic Tankovic, A. (2020). Importance of communication skills for tourism students. Proceedings of the International Conference on Global Economy in Business, Management, Social Science and Humanity Perspective (GEMSH-20), IIRST Explore. 52–56.
11. Cuic Tankovic, A., Kapeš, J., & Benazić, D. (2023). Measuring the importance of communication skills in tourism. Economic Research - Ekonomska Istraživanja, 36(1), 460-479. https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/437930
12. Denk, E. (2023). Turizm yükseköğretim stajlarında yenilikçi düşünce: İnovasyon odaklı stajın Türkiye’ye uyum ve koordinasyonu ile ilgili bir model önerisi. Dynamics in Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(2), 52-66. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/dssh/issue/80898/1389324
13. Ehsanfar, S., Namak, S. K., & Vosoughi, L. (2023). A developing-country perspective on tourism students’ entrepreneurial intention using trait approach and family tradition. Tourism Recreation Research, 48(1), 43-59. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02508281.2021.1885800
14. Ferreira, A., Loiola, E., Gondim, S. & Pereira, C. R. (2022). Effects of entrepreneurial competence and planning guidance on the relation between university students’ attitude and entrepreneurial intention. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 31(1), 7-29. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/09713557211069261
15. Guffey, M. E., & Loewy, D. (2012). Essentials of Business Communication. Cengage Learning.
16. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., & Thiele, K. O. (2017). Mirror, mirror on the wall: A comparative evaluation of composite-based structural equation modeling methods. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 45, 616-632. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11747-017-0517-x
17. Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. Guilford Press.
18. Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated moderated mediation: Quantification, ınference, and ınterpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4-40. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100
19. Kokkonen, L., & Koponen, J. (2020). Entrepreneurs’ interpersonal communication competence in networking. Prologi: Puheviestinnän Vuosikirja, 16(1), 8-25. https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/73367
20. Krueger, N. F., & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: Applying the theory of planned behaviour. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 5(4), 315-330. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08985629300000020
21. Li, X., & Petrick, J. F. (2008). Tourism marketing in an era of paradigm shift. Journal of Travel Research, 46(3),235-244. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0047287507303976
22. Lolli, J. (2013a). Perceptions of the importance and preparedness of interpersonal communication skills of the entry-level hospitality leader: Implications for hospitality educators. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 13(4), 354–373. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15313220.2013.839302
23. Lolli, J. C. (2013b). Interpersonal communication skills and the young hospitality leader: Are they prepared? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 32, 295–298. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278431912000230
24. Mahmudul Hasan, S. K., Eijaz Ahmed, K., & Noor Un Nabi, M. D. (2017). Entrepreneurial education at university level and entrepreneurship development. Education Training, 7(8), 888-906. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ET-01-2016-0020/full/html
25. Mehrabian, A. (1971). Silent Messages. Wadsworth.
26. MEÜ, (2024). Mersin Üniversitesi, Turizm Fakültesi, https://www.mersin.edu.tr/akademik/turizm-fakultesi (Erişim Tarihi: 05/06/2024).
27. Morris, M. (2010). Digital Communication and Collaboration in the Modern Workplace. Business Communications Quarterly.
28. Otache, I. (2019). Entrepreneurship education and undergraduate students’ self-and paid-employment intentions: A conceptual framework. Education Training, 61(1), 46-64.
29. Paranto, S. R., & Kelkar, M. (2000). Employer satisfaction with job skills of business college graduates and its impact on hiring behavior. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 9(3), 73–89. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J050v09n03_06
30. Peterson, M. (1997). Personnel interviewers’ perceptions of the importance and adequacy of applicants’ communication skills. Communication Education, 46(4), 287–291. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03634529709379102
31. Polatçı, S., Yalap, O., & Yılmaz, H. (2018). The effect of communication skills on entrepreneurial intentions. Contemporary Issues In Business & Economıcs (Iccıbe), 363-367.
32. Sesen, H. (2013). Personality or environment? A comprehensive study on the entrepreneurial intentions of university students. Education Training, 55(7), 624-640.
33. Solunoğlu, A., & İkiz, A. N. (2017). Üniversite öğrencilerinin girişimcilik eğilimleri. Journal of Recreation and Tourism Research, 4(2), 44-57. https://jrtr.org/index.php/jrtr/article/view/183
34. Stevens, B. (2005). What communication skills do employers want? Silicon Valley recruiters respond. Journal of Employment Counseling, 42(1), 2–9.
35. Wang, J., Ayres, H., & Huyton, J. (2009). Job ready graduates: A tourism industry perspective. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 16(1), 62–72.
36. Zehrer, A., & Mössenlechner, C. (2009). Key competencies of tourism graduates: The employ ers’ point of view. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 9(3-4), 266–287. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15313220903445215
37. Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265. https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2005-14549-017.html