Research Article
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Investigation of Occupational Safety Measures and Costs with Building Information Modeling in Construction Projects on a Case Study

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 950 - 960, 25.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1018134

Abstract

Construction is a locomotive sector for the economies of developing countries. Occupational safety is very important in construction works, as it is one of the most dangerous business lines. The consequences of occupational accidents at construction sites may be quite severe. While one third of the fatal occupational accidents in our country occur in the construction sector, the majority of the said fatal occupational accidents are due to falling from height. In Turkey, which is located in the earthquake zone, building construction works have increased with the importance given to urban transformation in recent years. In particular, it is important to ensure the safety of both the employees, the other stakeholders in the construction sites, and the people passing by the construction environment in the building construction works carried out in the residential areas of the cities. In this study, the occupational safety measures to be taken during the construction of the work at the construction site were modeled with revit, which is one of the building information modeling software, in the pre-contract project phase in a case discussed and their costs were examined. In order to protect the employees and those around the construction site against the risks that may occur during the construction, the occupational safety measures required to be taken in the building were added to the created three-dimensional model with a parametric design. Quantity information is automatically obtained from the defined objects. Costs were calculated by creating unit prices according to market rates and their ratio in total cost in m² was found. By clicking on the created link or reading the QR Code, it is possible to navigate in the three-dimensional model and to see the measures taken.

References

  • 6331, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu. Erişim Adresi : https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.6331.pdf, ziyaret tarihi 15/08/2021.
  • Getuli, V., Capone, P., Bruttini, A., & Isaac, S. (2020). BIM-based immersive Virtual Reality for construction workspace planning: A safety-oriented approach. Automation in Construction, 114, 103160.
  • Hara, T., Shimomura, K., Hamano, K., & Miyake, S. (2019). Automatic design, planning and drawing of scaffolding system for constructions. Advances in computational design, 4(2), 179-196.
  • https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Quarterly-Gross-Domestic-Product-Quarter-IV:-October-December,-2020-37180
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  • International Labour Organization, Erişim Adresi: https://www.ilo.org ziyaret tarihi 15/09/2021
  • Karagöz, M., E. (2019). Bim İle Yapı Yaklaşık Maliyet Hesaplama Önerisi. Yapı Bilgi Modelleme Dergisi, Sayı: 1 S. 39-45.
  • Khan, N., Ali, A. K., Van-Tien Tran, S., Lee, D., & Park, C. (2020). Visual language-aided construction fire safety planning approach in building information modeling. Applied Sciences, 10(5), 1704.
  • Khoshnava, S., Ahankoob, A., Preece, C., & Rostami, R. (2012, December). Application of BIM in construction safety. In Management in Construction Research Association (MiCRA), Postgraduate Conference, University Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia.
  • Kincelova, K., Boton, C., Blanchet, P., & Dagenais, C. (2020). Fire safety in tall timber building: A BIM-based automated code-checking approach. Buildings, 10(7), 121.
  • Lu, Y., Gong, P., Tang, Y., Sun, S., & Li, Q. (2021). BIM-integrated construction safety risk assessment at the design stage of building projects. Automation in Construction, 124, 103553.
  • Parn, E. A., Edwards, D., Riaz, Z., Mehmood, F., & Lai, J. (2019). Engineering-out hazards: Digitising the management working safety in confined spaces. Facilities.
  • Roberts, C. J., Edwards, D. J., Hosseini, M. R., Mateo-Garcia, M., & Owusu-Manu, D. G. (2019). Post-occupancy evaluation: a review of literature. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management.
  • Saeed, Y., Aziz, E., & Zelentsov, L. (2021). Technology role in safety management of Iraqi construction projects. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 263, p. 04043). EDP Sciences.
  • Shi, J., Dao, J., Jiang, L., & Pan, Z. (2019). Research on IFC-and FDS-based information sharing for building fire safety analysis. Advances in Civil Engineering.
  • Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK). http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/sgk/tr/kurumsal/istatistik/sgk_istatistik_yilliklari, ziyaret tarihi 22/09/2021. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK).
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  • World Health Organization, (2002), Good Practice in Occupational Health Services: A Contrubition to Workplace Health.
  • World Health Organization, Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/ ziyaret tarihi 15/09/2021
  • Yazdani-Chamzini, A., Razani, M., Yakhchali, S. H., Zavadskas, E. K., & Turskis, Z. (2013). Developing a fuzzy model based on subtractive clustering for road header performance prediction. Automation in Construction, 35, 111-120.
  • Zhang, S., Sulankivi, K., Kiviniemi, M., Romo, I., Eastman, C. M., & Teizer, J. (2015). BIM-based fall hazard identification and prevention in construction safety planning. Safety science, 72, 31-45.

İnşaat Projelerinde Yapı Bilgi Modelleme ile İş Güvenliği Tedbirleri ve Maliyetlerinin Örnek Bir Vaka Üzerinden İncelenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 950 - 960, 25.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1018134

Abstract

İnşaat sektörü gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomileri için lokomotif bir sektördür. Çok tehlikeli iş kollarından biri olan inşaat işlerinde, iş güvenliği hususu oldukça önemlidir. Şantiyelerde gerçekleşen iş kazalarının sonuçları oldukça ağır olabilmektedir. Ülkemizde gerçekleşen ölümlü iş kazalarının üçte biri inşaat sektöründe meydana gelirken söz konusu ölümlü iş kazalarının büyük çoğunluğu ise yüksekten düşme sonucunda gerçekleşmektedir. Deprem kuşağında yer alan ülkemizde, son yıllarda kentsel dönüşüme verilen önemin artmasıyla birlikte bina yapım işleri de çoğalmıştır. Özellikle, kentlerin yerleşim bölgelerinde yapılan bina yapım işlerinde gerek çalışanların gerek şantiyelerde bulunan diğer paydaşların gerekse inşaat çevresinden geçenlerin güvenliğinin sağlanması önem arz etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda yapılan çalışmada, inşaat işlerinde şantiye sahasında işin yapımı sırasında alınması gerekli iş güvenliği tedbirleri, ele alınan bir vaka özelinde sözleşme öncesi projelendirme aşamasında yapı bilgi modellemesi yazılımlarından biri olan revit ile modellenmiş ve maliyetleri incelenmiştir. Oluşturulan üç boyutlu modele, inşaat sırasında oluşabilecek risklere karşı çalışanları ve şantiye çevresinde bulunanları korumak amacıyla yapıda alınması gerekli iş güvenliği tedbirleri parametrik tasarımla eklenmiştir. Tanımlanan objelerden metraj bilgisi otomatik olarak alınmıştır. Piyasa rayiçlerine göre birim fiyatlar oluşturularak maliyetler hesaplamış ve m² olarak toplam maliyet içerisindeki oranı bulunmuştur. Oluşturulan linke tıklanarak veya Karekod okutularak üç boyutlu modelde gezinme ve alınan tedbirlerin görülmesi sağlanmıştır.

References

  • 6331, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu. Erişim Adresi : https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.6331.pdf, ziyaret tarihi 15/08/2021.
  • Getuli, V., Capone, P., Bruttini, A., & Isaac, S. (2020). BIM-based immersive Virtual Reality for construction workspace planning: A safety-oriented approach. Automation in Construction, 114, 103160.
  • Hara, T., Shimomura, K., Hamano, K., & Miyake, S. (2019). Automatic design, planning and drawing of scaffolding system for constructions. Advances in computational design, 4(2), 179-196.
  • https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Quarterly-Gross-Domestic-Product-Quarter-IV:-October-December,-2020-37180
  • ILO (2015), Investigation of occupational accidents and diseases- a practical guide for labour inspectors. Geneva: International Labour Office.
  • International Labour Organization, Erişim Adresi: https://www.ilo.org ziyaret tarihi 15/09/2021
  • Karagöz, M., E. (2019). Bim İle Yapı Yaklaşık Maliyet Hesaplama Önerisi. Yapı Bilgi Modelleme Dergisi, Sayı: 1 S. 39-45.
  • Khan, N., Ali, A. K., Van-Tien Tran, S., Lee, D., & Park, C. (2020). Visual language-aided construction fire safety planning approach in building information modeling. Applied Sciences, 10(5), 1704.
  • Khoshnava, S., Ahankoob, A., Preece, C., & Rostami, R. (2012, December). Application of BIM in construction safety. In Management in Construction Research Association (MiCRA), Postgraduate Conference, University Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia.
  • Kincelova, K., Boton, C., Blanchet, P., & Dagenais, C. (2020). Fire safety in tall timber building: A BIM-based automated code-checking approach. Buildings, 10(7), 121.
  • Lu, Y., Gong, P., Tang, Y., Sun, S., & Li, Q. (2021). BIM-integrated construction safety risk assessment at the design stage of building projects. Automation in Construction, 124, 103553.
  • Parn, E. A., Edwards, D., Riaz, Z., Mehmood, F., & Lai, J. (2019). Engineering-out hazards: Digitising the management working safety in confined spaces. Facilities.
  • Roberts, C. J., Edwards, D. J., Hosseini, M. R., Mateo-Garcia, M., & Owusu-Manu, D. G. (2019). Post-occupancy evaluation: a review of literature. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management.
  • Saeed, Y., Aziz, E., & Zelentsov, L. (2021). Technology role in safety management of Iraqi construction projects. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 263, p. 04043). EDP Sciences.
  • Shi, J., Dao, J., Jiang, L., & Pan, Z. (2019). Research on IFC-and FDS-based information sharing for building fire safety analysis. Advances in Civil Engineering.
  • Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK). http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/sgk/tr/kurumsal/istatistik/sgk_istatistik_yilliklari, ziyaret tarihi 22/09/2021. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK).
  • Türkiye Müteahhitler Birliği (TMB). https://www.tmb.org.tr/uploads/publications/60e6b78ded6d830993d559a1/1625751949522-tmb-bulten-temmuz-2021.pdf.
  • World Health Organization, (2002), Good Practice in Occupational Health Services: A Contrubition to Workplace Health.
  • World Health Organization, Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/ ziyaret tarihi 15/09/2021
  • Yazdani-Chamzini, A., Razani, M., Yakhchali, S. H., Zavadskas, E. K., & Turskis, Z. (2013). Developing a fuzzy model based on subtractive clustering for road header performance prediction. Automation in Construction, 35, 111-120.
  • Zhang, S., Sulankivi, K., Kiviniemi, M., Romo, I., Eastman, C. M., & Teizer, J. (2015). BIM-based fall hazard identification and prevention in construction safety planning. Safety science, 72, 31-45.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Cemil Akçay 0000-0002-8216-8688

Ömer Giran 0000-0003-4135-393X

Publication Date December 25, 2021
Submission Date November 2, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Akçay, C., & Giran, Ö. (2021). İnşaat Projelerinde Yapı Bilgi Modelleme ile İş Güvenliği Tedbirleri ve Maliyetlerinin Örnek Bir Vaka Üzerinden İncelenmesi. Kent Akademisi, 14(4), 950-960. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1018134

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