Türkiye’de Yeşil Liman Olabilecek Limanların ANP-BOCR Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 1712 - 1742

Büşra Keske , İskender Peker , Ramazan Eyüp Gergin , A. Cansu Gök Kısa

https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1521715

Abstract

Yeşil limanlar, kentsel ekonominin gelişmesine ve sürdürülebilir çevresel stratejilerin uygulanmasına imkân sağlayan önemli unsurlardandır. Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’de faaliyet gerçekleştiren limanların yeşil liman sertifikasına sahip olma potansiyellerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda sektör raporlarında yer alan veriler çerçevesinde bölgesel anlamda konteyner elleçleme miktarı (TEU) en fazla olup yeşil liman sertifikasyonu olmayan limanlar çalışmanın alternatiflerini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın kriterleri ise kapsamlı bir literatür araştırması ve uzmanların görüş önerileri çerçevesinde belirlenmiştir. Problemin çözümünde ise bir Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) tekniği olan Analitik Ağ Süreci (ANP)- Fayda, Fırsat, Maliyet, Risk (BOCR) yaklaşımından faydalanılmıştır. Buna göre yeşil liman sertifikasyonu sahipliğinde en fazla etkiye sahip olan kriter hava kirliliğini azaltmak (0,049) olmuş iken, en az etkiye sahip kriterler ise soğuk ütüleme ve gemi hızı düşürme teknolojisi kullanılması (0,015) ile liman ücretlerinde ceza fiyatlandırması yapılmaması (0,015) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Mersin International Port (0,055) ise yeşil liman sertifikasına sahip olma potansiyeli en yüksek alternatif olarak belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

ANP, BOCR, Eko Liman, Yeşil Liman, Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik

Evaluation of Ports That Can Become Green Ports in Turkey Using the ANP-BOCR Method

Abstract

Green ports are important elements that enable the development of the urban economy and the implementation of sustainable environmental strategies. In this study, the aim is to evaluate the potential of ports operating in Turkey to obtain green port certification. For this purpose, using data from the sector reports, the ports with the highest regional container handling amounts (TEU) and without green port certification were selected as the alternatives of the study. The criteria of the study were determined within the framework of comprehensive literature research and the opinion suggestions of experts. Analytic Network Process (ANP) - Benefit, Opportunity, Cost, Risk (BOCR) approach, which is a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique, was utilized to solve the problem. Accordingly, the criterion with the highest impact on green port certification is reducing air pollution (0.049), while the criteria with the least impact are the use of cold ironing and ship speed reduction technology (0.015) and no penalty pricing in port fees (0.015). Mersin International Port (0.055) was determined as the alternative with the highest potential to be certified as a green port.

Keywords

ANP, BOCR, Eco Port, Green Port, Environmental Sustainability

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