Examining the Proliferative Effect of Ozonated Olive Oil and Ozonated Distilled Water on Healthy Colon Fibroblast Cells and Colon Cancer Cells
Abstract
Ozone therapy is an alternative form of treatment based on the administration of ozone gas to the body in the treatment of diseases and different medical conditions, and ozone applications are recommended in some studies. In this study, it was aimed to determine the possible anti-cancer activity by enriching extra virgin olive oil and distilled water with ozone gas and determining its cytotoxic effect on colon cancer and normal colon fibroblast cells. The effect of ozone enriched extra virgin olive oil and distilled water on cell viability was determined by MTT assay on DLD1 (colon cancer) and CCD-18Co (healthy colon fibroblast) cell lines. In the DLD-1 cell line, ozonated distilled water and olive oil decreased in vitro cell viability at all concentrations and this decrease was most pronounced at higher concentrations (5 and 10 ppm). In the CCD-18Co cell line, ozonized distilled water and ozonized olive oil increased in vitro cell viability at all concentrations, but this increase was not significant compared to the control. The results of this study are consistent with the results of other studies in the literature. Therefore, ozone therapy is thought to be promising in cancer treatment.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
This study was not supported by any funder.
Project Number
This study was not supported by any funder.
Ethical Statement
The author declares that this study complies with Research and Publication Ethics. Ethical approval is not required for this research article.
Thanks
Author wishes to thank Dr. Ceren BAŞKAN for her support.
References
- Baeza-Noci, J., and Pinto-Bonilla, R. (2021). Systemic review: ozone: A potential new chemotherapy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(21), 11796.
- Cannizzaro, A., Falzacappa, C. V., Martinelli, M., Misiti, S., Brunetti, E., and Bucci, B. (2007). O2/3 exposure inhibits cell progression affecting cyclin B1/cdk1 activity in SK‐N‐SH while induces apoptosis in SK‐N‐DZ neuroblastoma cells. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 213(1), 115-125.
- Chung, L. Y., Tang, S. J., Wu, Y. C., Yang, K. C., Huang, H. J., Sun, G. H., and Sun, K. H. (2020). Platinum‐based combination chemotherapy triggers cancer cell death through induction of BNIP3 and ROS, but not autophagy. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 24(2), 1993-2003.
- Çiftçi, N. (2017). Oksidatif stresin kanserdeki rolü: Antioksidanlar kanser progresyonunun yakıtı olabilir mi. Ahi Evran Tıp Dergisi, 1, 8-13.
- Dogan, R., Hafız, A. M., Kiziltan, H. S., Yenigun, A., Buyukpinarbaslili, N., Eris, A. H., and Ozturan, O. (2018). Effectiveness of radiotherapy+ ozone on tumoral tissue and survival in tongue cancer rat model. Auris Nasus Larynx, 45(1), 128-134.
- Glass, S. B., Gonzalez-Fajardo, L., Beringhs, A. O. R., and Lu, X. (2019). Redox potential and ROS-mediated nanomedicines for improving cancer therapy. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 30(5), 747-761.
- Gültekin, F. A., Bakkal, B. H., Sümer, D., Köktürk, F., & Bektaş, S. (2013). Effects of ozonated olive oil on acute radiation proctitis in rats. Balkan Medical Journal, 2013(4), 369-374.
- Halliwell, B. (2006). Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now?. Journal of Neurochemistry, 97(6), 1634-1658.
- Karabulut, H., and Gülay, M. Ş. (2016). Serbest radikaller. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(1), 50-59.
- Kuroda, K., Azuma, K., Mori, T., Kawamoto, K., Murahata, Y., Tsuka, T., Osaki, T., Ito, N., Imagawa, T., Itoh, F., and Okamoto, Y. (2015). The safety and anti-tumor effects of ozonated water in vivo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16(10), 25108-25120.
