Ekolojik Bağlantılılığı İyileştirmek İçin Korunan Alanlar Arasındaki Bariyerlerin Belirlenmesi

Year 2021, , 355 - 369, 15.12.2021

Huriye Simten Sütünç

https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.835382

Abstract

Korunan alanların küresel ölçekte iki görevi vardır: Birincisi, biyolojik çeşitliliği korumak ve ikincisi, ekosistem servislerinin devamlılığını sağlamak. Bir bölgedeki korunan alanların birbirleri arasındaki potansiyel bağlantıların ve bu bağlantılar arasındaki engellerin ya da restorasyon noktalarının belirlenmesi, biyolojik çeşitlilik kapsamında koruma stratejilerinin etkin bir şekilde geliştirilmesi ve uygulanması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Rize peyzajındaki biyolojik çeşitliliği desteklemek için önce, 10 farklı korunan alan arasındaki potansiyel bağlantı koridorları belirlenmiş, sonra bu koridorlardaki ekolojik akışları engelleyebilecek bariyerler 100 m, 500 m ve 300 m’lik tarama yarıçapları kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Her iki analiz için Least Cost Path ve Cost Weighted Distance yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. En uygun koridorlar, Kaçkar Dağları Milli Parkı-1. Derece Doğal Sit Alanları-Yaban Hayatı Koruma ve Geliştirme Sahası ile Fırtına Deresi arasında tespit edilmiştir. Bariyerler için belirlenen tarama yarıçapları dikkate alınarak iyileştirme puanları hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçta, 100 m, 500 m ve 300 m’lik yarıçaplarda en yüksek iyileştirme puanları sırasıyla 21.1, 4.49 ve 7.0 olarak hesaplanmış ve bu puanlara göre Karadere, Handüzü Tabiat Parkı, Uzungöl Özel Çevre Koruma Alanı ve Kaçkar Dağları Milli Parkı arasında bariyerlerin olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada kullanılan yöntem, Rize peyzajındaki korunan alanlar için koruma stratejileri üretmek açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları sadece Rize peyzajındaki korunan alanlar için değil, öncelikli planlama çalışmalarında da yönlendirici olacaktır.

Keywords

Peyzaj bağlantılılığı, Korunan alanlar, Bariyerler, Restorasyon fırsatları, İyileştirme puanı, Biyoçeşitlilik

Detecting Barriers Between Protected Areas to Restore Ecological Connectivity

Abstract

Protected areas have two tasks on a global scale: First, to protect biodiversity and second, to ensure the continuity of ecosystem services. Identifying potential links between protected areas in a region and barriers between these links or restoration points is very important for the effective development and implementation of conservation strategies within the scope of biodiversity. In this study firstly, potential connectivity corridors between 10 different protected areas were determined to support the biological diversity in the Rize landscape, then the barriers that could block the ecological flows in these corridors were determined by using 100 m, 500 m, 300 m radii. Least Cost Path and Cost Weighted Distance methods were used for both analyses. The most suitable corridors have been identified between Kaçkar Mountains National Park-1st Degree Natural Protected Areas-Wildlife Protection and Development Area and Firtina Creek. Improvement scores were calculated by considering the radii determined for the barriers. As a result, the highest improvement scores at 100 m, 500 m 300 m radii were calculated as 21.1, 4.49, and 7.0, respectively, and according to these scores, it showed that there were barriers between Karadere, Handüzü Nature Park, Uzungöl Special Environmental Protection Area and Kaçkar Mountains National Park. The method used in this study is important in terms of generating protection strategies for protected areas in the Rize landscape. The results of this study will guide not only protected areas in Rize landscape, but also conservation priority planning studies.

Keywords

Landscape connectivity, Protected areas, Barriers, Restoration opportunities, Improvement score, Biodiversity

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