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Yaş Çay Yaprağı ve Kuru Çay Mineral Madde İçeriğinin, Sarı Çay Akarı, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Acari: Tarsonemidae) Zararına Göre Değişimi

Year 2021, , 743 - 763, 15.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.980305

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Rize ilinde, Atatürk Çay ve Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü’nün “Muradiye-10”, “Pazar-20” ve “Tuğlalı-10” çay klonları ile tesis edilmiş parselleri üzerinde, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında, 3. sürgün döneminde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, önemli çay zararlılarından olan, sarı çay akarı (Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Trombidiformes: Tarsonemidae)’nın, yaş çay yaprağı ile kuru çayda mineral madde içeriğine olan etkilerinin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Mineral madde olarak, alüminyum (Al), kalsiyum (Ca), bakır (Cu), demir (Fe), magnezyum (Mg), mangan (Mn), kükürt (S) ve çinko (Zn) değerleri analiz edilmiştir. Deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre, 3 tekerrürlü olarak planlanmıştır. Sonuçlar, akar ile bulaşık yaş çay yapraklarında en fazla değişim gösteren minerallerin S, Al ve Zn, olduğunu, kuru çayda en fazla değişimin ise, Ca ve Mn içeriğinde gerçekleştiğini göstermiştir. 2013 yılında, yaş çay yapraklarının ortalama S, Al ve Zn içerikleri, kontrol parsellerinde sırası ile, 2648.8- 3122.8 ppm, 1140-1735.4 ppm ve 13.7-18.8 ppm, akar bulaşık parsellerde ise 3099.9-3256.5 ppm, 1102-1909 ppm ve 14.8-18.4 ppm arasında değişim gösterirken, 2014 yılında bu değerler sırası ile kontrol parsellerinde 2613.9-2796.4 ppm, 849-1774.9 ppm ve 16.3-20.3 ppm, bulaşık parsellerde ise 2668.3-2834.6 ppm, 727.9-1678.1 ppm ve 22.2-29.7 ppm kadar olmuştur. Kuru çay nevilerinin, ortalama Ca içeriği ise, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında sırası ile temiz parsellerde 1377.8-2388,4 ppm ve 1926.8-2240.8 ppm, akar bulaşık parsellerde 1582.8-2167.5 ppm ve 2007.2-2281.6 ppm arasında değişim gösterirken, Mn için bu değerler 2013 yılında temiz ve bulaşık parseller için sırası ile 314.2-827.8 ppm ve 308.3-798.2 ppm, 2014 yılında ise 496.1-668.2 ppm ve 481.9-663.2 ppm olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yaş yaprak içeriği en fazla değişim gösteren Tuğlalı-10 klonu olurken, kuru çay mineral madde içeriği en fazla etkilenen klon Muradiye-10 olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, yaş çay yaprağı ile 5 nevi kuru çaydaki mineral madde içeriklerinin, tek başına klon ya da akarla bulaşıklık durumuna bağlı olarak değil, her iki faktörün birlikte etkisiyle önemli düzeyde değişim gösterdiği, bu durumun yıllara göre de değiştiği ve kuru çaydaki değişimlerin yaş çaydan daha fazla olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır.

Supporting Institution

Çay İşletmeleri Genel Müdürlüğü (ÇAYKUR)

Project Number

12.04.2013-25/Protokol No:3B

Thanks

Bu makale ilk yazarın yüksek lisans tezinin bir kısmından hazırlanmış olup, çalışmanın bir kısmı 1. Uluslararası Tarım Bilimleri Kongresi (1.International Agricultural Science Congress) (09-12 Mayıs 2018, Van- Türkiye)’nde poster olarak sunulmuş, kongre kitapçığında özet olarak basılmıştır. Araştırma Çay İşletmeleri Genel Müdürlüğü (ÇAYKUR) (12.04.2013-25/Protokol No:3B) tarafından desteklenmiştir. Çalışmanın bütün aşamalarındaki yardım ve desteklerinden dolayı, başta Atatürk Çay ve Bahçe Bitkileri Araştırma Enstitüsü (Rize) Müdürü Sayın Ali İlkay KABAOĞLU olmak üzere, müdürlük personellerinden Reyhan SEKBAN, Zuhal KALCIOĞLU, Ayhan HAZNEDAR, Cumhur TURAN ve Atilla POLAT'a teşekkür ederiz. Ayrıca, Polyphagotarsonemus latus’un teşhis onaylamalarını yapan Prof. Dr. Eddie A. Uckermann (North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South Africa)’a da teşekkür ederiz. İklim verilerinin teminindeki desteklerinden dolayı, Rize Meteoroloji İl Müdürlüğü’ne teşekkür ederiz. Ayrıca, çalışmayı değerlendirmek için harcadıkları zaman ve eserin geliştirilmesi yönünde yapmış oldukları değerli tavsiyelerinden dolayı sayın hakemlere ve editöre teşekkürü borç biliriz.

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  • Dhooria, M. S., (1996). Observationon host-range of leaf-curl mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) in Punjab. Journal of Insect Science, 9 (1), 9-11.
  • FAO (2019). Food and agriculture data. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
  • Ferrara, L., Montesano, D., and Senatore, A., (2001). The distribution of minerals and flavonoids in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). IL Farmaco, 56(5-7), 397-401.
  • Flechtmann, C. H. W. and Berti-Filho, E., (1994). Effect of feeding by two species of eriophyid mites (Acari: Eriophyidae) on the mineral content of their host plants. International Journal of Acarology, 20, 61-65.
  • Gallaher, R. N., Gallaher, K., Marshall, A. J., and Marshall, A. C., (2006). Mineral analysis of ten types of commercially available tea. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19, 53-57.
  • Gardiner, D. T. and Miller, R. W., (2008). Soils in our environment, 11th Edition. Prentice Hall, Inc: Ne Jersey, USA.
  • Gerson, U., (1992). Biology and control of the broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 13, 163-178.
  • Hazarika, L. K., Bhuyan, M. and Hazarika, B. N., 2009. Insect pests of tea and their management. Annual Review of Entomology, 54, 267-284.
  • Hooper, G. H. S., (1957). The potato broad mite. Queensland Agricultural Journal, 83, 56-58.
  • Iacob, N., 1978. New mite pests on greenhouse crops and on grapevine. Review of Applied Entomology. Series A., 67(12), 595-596.
  • Jangra, M., Gulati, R and Sonika Batra, V. K., (2017). Bioecological studies of Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae): A review. Annals of Biology, 33(2), 319-324.
  • Kacar, B., (1991). Türk ve yabancı çayların bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikler yönünden karşılaştırılması, Doğa Türk Tarım ve Ormancılık Dergisi, 15 (2), 328-351.
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  • Kacar, B. ve Katkat, V., (2010). Bitki besleme (5. Basım), Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Tic. Ltd. Şti: Kızılay-Ankara.
  • Kamruzzaman, A. S. M., Alam, M. Z. and Miah, M. R. U., (2013). Impact of jute yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) density on hosts (Corchorus olitorius L.) phenology and assessment of yield loss under field condition. Munis Entomology and Zoology, 8, 361–368.
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The Change of Mineral Matter Content in Fresh Tea Leaf and Dried Tea According to the Damage of Yellow Tea Mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus

Year 2021, , 743 - 763, 15.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.980305

Abstract

This study was carried out on Muradiye-10, Pazar-20 and Tuğlalı-10 tea clones in the experimental orchards of Atatürk Tea and Horticultural Research Institute (Rize, Turkey) at third harvesting period in 2013 and 2014 years. The overall goal of this work was to determine the effects of yellow tea mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Trombidiformes: Tarsonemidae) on mineral matter content of fresh tea leaf and dried tea. Aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), sulfur (S) and zinc (Zn) values were analyzed as mineral substances. The study was planned as randomized block design with 3 replications. The minerals which showed the most change in fresh tea leaves infested with mites were S, Al and Zn, while the highest change was in Ca and Mn contents in dried tea. The average S, Al and Zn contents of fresh tea leaves were changed between 2648.8- 3122.8 ppm, 1140-1735.4 ppm and 13.7-18.8 ppm in control plots, 3099.9-3256.5 ppm, 1102-1909 ppm and 14.8-18.4 ppm in infested plots, respectively in 2013, while 2613.9-2796.4 ppm, 849-1774.9 ppm and 16.3-20.3 ppm in control plots, 2668.3-2834.6 ppm, 727.9-1678.1 ppm 22.2-29.7 ppm in infested plots, respectively in 2014. The average of Ca content values in dry tea were ranged between 1377.8-2388,4 ppm and 1926.8-2240.8 ppm in control plots, 1582.8-2167.5 ppm and 2007.2-2281.6 ppm in infested plots in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The values for Mn were 314.2-827.8 ppm and 308.3-798.2 ppm in control and infested plots, respectively in 2013, 496.1-668.2 ppm and 481.9-663.2 ppm in control and infested plots, respectively in 2014. Tuğlalı-10 clone in fresh leaf content and Muradiye-10 in dried tea mineral content showed the most noticeable change. It has been determined that the mineral content of fresh tea leaves and 5 types of dry tea changes not only depending on the clone or mite infestation, but also with the effect of both factors, and this situation also changes according to years. And, it was concluded that the changes in dried tea were more than in fresh tea leaves.

Project Number

12.04.2013-25/Protokol No:3B

References

  • Abou-Zaid, A. M. M., (2003). Studies on some mites associated with some vegetables crops. MSc thesis. Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Abou-Awad, B. A., Al-Azzazy, M. M. and Afia, S. I., (2012). Effect of the leaf coating mite Cisaberoptus kenyae Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae) on the mineral content of the host mango plant Mangiferae indica L. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 45, 16-21.
  • Abou-Awad, B. A., Hafez, S. M., Afia, S. I. and Farahat, M., (2016). Relationships of broad mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae) density to damage of apical pepper leaves and phytochemical components. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 9, 131-134.
  • Ahmed, K., Rao P. P. and Kumari, A. L., (2000). Biochemical aspects of host plant resistance to yellow mite in chilli. Agricultural Science Digest, 20(4), 238-240.
  • Akyazı, R., Sekban, R., Soysal, M., Akyol, D., Colee, J. and Bostan, S. Z., (2019). Ecofriendly control approaches for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Acari: Tarsonemidae) on tea (Camellia sinensis L.) International Journal of Acarology, 45(1-2), 79-89.
  • Anonim, (2008). Agricultural control technical instructions, No:3, 332 p.
  • Anonim, (2016). İstatistik Bülten. ÇAYKUR
  • Anonim, (2017). Çay tarımı ve türleri. https://www.rtb.org.tr/tr/cay-tarimi-ve-turleri
  • Anonim, (2019). Siyah çay üretimi. https://www.islam.info.tr/din/cay/siycayim.htm.
  • Anonim, (2020). Çay değerlendirme raporu. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/
  • Aşık Çuhadar, B., Akyazı, R. and Bostan, S.Z., (2019). Effect of yellow tea mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks, 1904) (Trombidiformes: Tarsonemidae), on quality traits of black tea. Third International Conference on Agriculture, Food, Veterinary and Pharmacy Sciences (ICAFOP) (pp. 1593-1607) Trabzon, Turkey.
  • Aubert, B., Lossois, P., Narchal, J., Rabaud, J. and De Bousvilliers, P., (1981). Mise en Evidence de degats causes par Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Bank) sur papayer a l’ile de la Reunion. Fruits, 36, 9-24.
  • Baker, J. E., (1997). Cyclamen mite and broad mite. Ornamental and turf insect information notes. http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/orn/broad_mite.htm.
  • Beattie, G. and Gellatley, J., (1983). Mite pests of citrus. Agfacts H2, AE3, first edition. https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/138705/mite-pests-citrus.pdf.
  • Bolat, İ. and Kara, Ö., (2017). Bitki Besin Elementleri: Kaynakları, İşlevleri, Eksik ve Fazlalıkları. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 19 (1), 218-228.
  • Bonoli, M., Pelillo, M., Toschi, T. G. and Lercker, G., (2003). Analysis of green tea catechins: coparative study between HPLC and HPCE. Food Chemistry, 81, 631-638.
  • Boşgelmez, A., Boşgelmez, İ. İ., Savaşçı. S. ve Paslı, N., (2001). Ekoloji-II (Toprak), Başkent Klişe Matbaacılık, Kızılay-Ankara.
  • Caffin, N., D’Arcy, B., Yao, L. and Rintoul, G.. (2004). Developing an index of quality for Australian tea. RIRDC Publication no. 04/033. Project No. UQ-88A, Publication of Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, Australia.
  • Carraturo, F., De Castro, O., Troisi, J., De Luca, A., Masucci, A., Cennamo, P., Trifuoggi, M., Aliberti, F. and Guida, M. (2018). Comparative assessment of the quality of commercial black and green tea using microbiology analyses. BMC Microbiology, 18, 4.
  • De Costa, W. A. J. M., Mohotti, A. J. and Wijeratne, M. A., (2007). Ecophysiology of tea. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 19(4), 299-332.
  • Demir, N. and Bostan, S. Z., (2018). Variation of mineral matter contents in fresh tea (Camelia sinensis L.) leaf according to sunshine conditions and harvest periods. Journal of the Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, 23 (3), 261-267.
  • Denmark, H. A., 1980. Broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks). http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/orn/broad_mite.htm.
  • Dhooria, M. S., (1996). Observationon host-range of leaf-curl mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) in Punjab. Journal of Insect Science, 9 (1), 9-11.
  • FAO (2019). Food and agriculture data. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
  • Ferrara, L., Montesano, D., and Senatore, A., (2001). The distribution of minerals and flavonoids in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). IL Farmaco, 56(5-7), 397-401.
  • Flechtmann, C. H. W. and Berti-Filho, E., (1994). Effect of feeding by two species of eriophyid mites (Acari: Eriophyidae) on the mineral content of their host plants. International Journal of Acarology, 20, 61-65.
  • Gallaher, R. N., Gallaher, K., Marshall, A. J., and Marshall, A. C., (2006). Mineral analysis of ten types of commercially available tea. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19, 53-57.
  • Gardiner, D. T. and Miller, R. W., (2008). Soils in our environment, 11th Edition. Prentice Hall, Inc: Ne Jersey, USA.
  • Gerson, U., (1992). Biology and control of the broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 13, 163-178.
  • Hazarika, L. K., Bhuyan, M. and Hazarika, B. N., 2009. Insect pests of tea and their management. Annual Review of Entomology, 54, 267-284.
  • Hooper, G. H. S., (1957). The potato broad mite. Queensland Agricultural Journal, 83, 56-58.
  • Iacob, N., 1978. New mite pests on greenhouse crops and on grapevine. Review of Applied Entomology. Series A., 67(12), 595-596.
  • Jangra, M., Gulati, R and Sonika Batra, V. K., (2017). Bioecological studies of Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae): A review. Annals of Biology, 33(2), 319-324.
  • Kacar, B., (1991). Türk ve yabancı çayların bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikler yönünden karşılaştırılması, Doğa Türk Tarım ve Ormancılık Dergisi, 15 (2), 328-351.
  • Kacar, B., (2010). Çay bitkisi, biyokimyası, gübrelenmesi, işleme teknolojisi (1. Basım). Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Tic. Ltd. Şti: Kızılay-Ankara.
  • Kacar, B. ve Katkat, V., (2010). Bitki besleme (5. Basım), Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Tic. Ltd. Şti: Kızılay-Ankara.
  • Kamruzzaman, A. S. M., Alam, M. Z. and Miah, M. R. U., (2013). Impact of jute yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) density on hosts (Corchorus olitorius L.) phenology and assessment of yield loss under field condition. Munis Entomology and Zoology, 8, 361–368.
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Birsen Aşık Çuhadar This is me 0000-0003-2268-2850

Rana Akyazı 0000-0002-0054-4222

Saim Zeki Bostan 0000-0001-6398-1916

Project Number 12.04.2013-25/Protokol No:3B
Publication Date December 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Aşık Çuhadar, B., Akyazı, R., & Bostan, S. Z. (2021). Yaş Çay Yaprağı ve Kuru Çay Mineral Madde İçeriğinin, Sarı Çay Akarı, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Acari: Tarsonemidae) Zararına Göre Değişimi. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 743-763. https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.980305