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Microstructural and Optical Properties of ZnO:Eu Films

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 141 - 153, 31.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.473808

Abstract

Europium (Eu) doped zinc oxide (ZnO) films were grown onto p-type silicon (p-Si) substrates via spin coating technique using the prepared solutions with sol gel method which is simple and economical method. The effects of Eu on the structural, morphological and optical properties of the obtained ZnO film was investigated by using X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy and uv-vis spectrophotometer, respectively. From the XRD spectra of the films, it was determined that all the films belong to the hexagonal wurtzite structure of zincite (ZnO) phase and had (002) preferential orientation. SEM photographs of ZnO:Eu films were analyzed by ImageJ program. It was observed that all films had a homogeneous and uniform surface and consisted of nanoparticles. No significant change was observed in the surface morphology of the ZnO film, by Eu doping. The diffuse reflectance spectra of ZnO: Eu films were measured using an integrated sphere attachment UV-vis spectrophotometer. Using these spectra, the optical band gap values of the films were determined using both the differential reflectance spectra and the Kubelka-Munk function.

References

  • [1] Özgür Ü., Morkoç H. (2006). Optical Properties of ZnO and Related Alloys. In: Zinc Oxide Bulk, Thin Films and Nanostructures Processing, Properties and Applications, Jagadish C. ve Pearton S. (eds), Elsevier Science, New York, 175-239.
  • [2] Morkoç H., Özgür, Ü. (2009). Zinc Oxide: Fundamentals, Materials and Device Technology. Wiley Company, Germany, 488.
  • [3] Raj C. J., Rajesh M., Manikandan R., Sim J. Y., Yu K. H., Park S. Y., Song J. H., Kim B. C. (2017). Two - Dimensional Planar Supercapacitor Based on Zinc Oxide / Manganese Oxide Core / Shell Nano - architecture. Electrochimica Acta. 247, 949–957.
  • [4] Baltakesmez, A., Tekmen, S., Koç, P., Tuzemen, S., Meral, K., Onganer. Y. (2013). UV-visible detector and LED based n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction formed by electrodeposition. Aip Advances, 3, 032125.
  • [5] Sathya M., Claude A., Govindasamy P., Sudha K. (2012). Growth of pure and doped ZnO thin films for solar cell applications. Advances in Applied Science Research. 3 (5):2591-2598.
  • [6] Ates, T., Tatar, C., Yakuphanoglu, F. (2013). Preparation of semiconductor ZnO powders by sol gel method: Humidity sensors. Sensor. Actuat. A-Phys., 190, 153-160.
  • [7] Liu K., Sakurai M., Aono M. (2010). ZnO-Based Ultraviolet Photodetectors. Sensors. 10, 8604-8634.
  • [8] Caglar Y., Caglar M., Ilican S., Aksoy S., Yakuphanoglu F. (2015). Effect of channel thickness on the field effect mobility of ZnO-TFT fabricated by sol gel process. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 621, 189-193.
  • [9] M. Hjiri, M., Dhahri, R., Omri, K., El Mir, L., Leonardi, S. G., Donato, N., Neri, G. (2014). Effect of indium doping on ZnO based-gas sensor for CO. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 27, 319–325.
  • [10] Ilican, S. (2016). Improvement of the Crystallinity and Optical Parameters of ZnO Film with Aluminum Doping. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A., 17(1), 181-190.
  • [11] Yakuphanoglu, F., Ilican, S., Caglar, M., Caglar, Y. (2010). Microstructure and electro-optical properties of sol–gel derived Cd-doped ZnO films. Superlatt. Microstr., 47(6), 732-743.
  • [12] Ajili, M., Castagné, M., Turki, N. K. (2013). Study on the doping effect of Sn-doped ZnO thin films. Superlatt. Microstr., 53, 213–222.
  • [13] Ilican, S. (2016). Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Erbium-Doped ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Spin Coating Method. J. Nanoelectron. Optoelectron., 11(4), 465-471.
  • [14] Nouri, A., Beniaiche, A., Soucase, B. M., Guessas, H., Azizi, A, (2017). Photoluminescence study of Eu+3 doped ZnO nanocolumns prepared by electrodeposition method. Optik, 139, 104–110.
  • [15] Turgut, G., Duman, S., Sonmez, E., Ozcelik, F.S. (2016). A study of Eu incorporated ZnO thin films: An application ofAl/ZnO:Eu/p-Si heterojunction diode. Materials Science and Engineering B, 206, 9–16.
  • [16] Chen J.T., Wang J., Zhang F., Zhang G.A., Wu Z.G., Yan P.X. (2008) The effect of La doping concentration on the properties of zinc oxide films prepared by the sol–gel method. Journal of Crystal Growth, 310, 2627–2632.
  • [17] Ilican, S., Ilgu, G. (2016). Electrical Properties of n-ZnO:La/p-Si Heterostructure Diode. Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics., 11(4), 401-406.
  • [18] Nurul Fadzilah, A. R., Othman, R. N., Miskon, A., Sahdan, M. Z., Tawil, S. N. M. (2017). Gadolinium-doped zinc oxide thin films prepared on different substrates by sol-gel spin-coating. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1901, 020028.
  • [19] Opel, M., Geprägs, S., Althammer, M., Brenninger, T., Gross, R. (2017). Laser molecular beam epitaxy of ZnO thin films and heterostructures. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 47, 034002.
  • [20] Purica, M., Budianu, E., Rusu, E., Danila, M., Gavrila, R. (2002). Optical and structural investigation of ZnO thin films prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Thin Solid Films, 403–404, 485-488.
  • [21] Jazmati, A. K., Abdallah, B. (2018). Optical and Structural Study of ZnO Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering at Different Thicknesses: a Comparison with Single Crystal. Materials Research. 21(3), e20170821.
  • [22] Arslan, A., Hur, E., Ilican, S., Caglar, Y., Caglar, M. (2014). Controlled growth of c-axis oriented ZnO nanorod array films by electrodeposition method and characterization. Spectrochim. Acta A., 128, 716-723.
  • [23] Ilican, S. (2013). Effect of Na doping on the microstructures and optical properties of ZnO nanorods. J. Alloys Compound., 2013, 553, 225-232.
  • [24] Ilgu, G., Caglar, Y., Ilican, S., Caglar, M., Ruzgar, S. (2014). The effect of sol concentration on the structural and electrical parameters of nanostructure ZnO films by sol gel dip coating. J. Nanoelectron. Optoe., 9, 622-627.
  • [25] Inbaraj, P. F. H., Prince, J. J. (2018). Optical and structural properties of Mg doped ZnO thin films by chemical bath deposition method. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 29(2), 935–943.
  • [26] Yakuphanoğlu, F., Ilican, S., Caglar, M., Caglar, Y. (2007). The determination of the optical band and optical constants of non-crystalline and crystalline ZnO thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis. J., Optoelectron. Adv. M., 9(7), 2180-2185.
  • [27] Rayes, R. M. S., Kumar, Y., C.-Jácome, M. A., Antonio, J. A. T., Mathew, X., Mathews, N. R. (2017). Effect of Eu Doping on the Physical, Photoluminescence, and Photocatalytic Characteristics of ZnO Thin Films Grown by Sol–Gel Method. Phys. Status Solidi A, 214, 1700229.
  • [28] Cullity B.D., Stock S.R., Elements of X-ray Diffraction, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey, 2001.
  • [29] Murphy, A. B. (2007). Band-gap determination from diffuse reflectance measurements of semiconductor films, and application to photoelectrochemical water-splitting. Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. 91, 1326–1337.
  • [30] Caglar, Y., Ilican, S., Caglar, M. (2017). FESEM, XRD and DRS studies of electrochemically deposited boron doped ZnO films. Materials Science-Poland, 35(4), 824-829.
  • [31] Swapna, R., Reddy, T. S., Venkateswarlu, K., Kumar, M. C. S. (2015). Effect of Post-Annealing on the Properties of Eu Doped ZnO Nano Thin Films. Procedia Materials Science, 10, 723–729.

ZnO:Eu Filmlerinin Mikroyapısal ve Optik Özellikleri

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 141 - 153, 31.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.473808

Abstract

Evropiyum (Eu) katkılı çinko oksit (ZnO) filmleri, ucuz ve basit bir metot olan sol jel metodu ile elde edilen çözeltiler kullanılarak p-tipi silisyum (p-Si) alttaşlar üzerine spin kaplama tekniği ile büyütülmüştür. Elde edilen ZnO filminin yapısal, morfolojik ve optik özellikleri üzerine Eu katkısının etkisi, sırasıyla X-ışını kırınım cihazı, taramalı elektron mikroskobu ve uv-vis spektrofotometresi kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Filmlerin XRD spektrumlarından, bütün filmlerin hekzagonal wurtzite zinkit (ZnO) yapıya ait olduğu ve (002) tercihli yönelime sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. ZnO:Eu filmlerinin çekilen SEM fotoğrafları ImageJ programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bütün filmlerin yüzeylerinin homojen ve düzgün yapıya sahip olduğu ve nanoparçacıklardan oluştuğu; yapılan Eu katkısının ZnO yüzey morfolojisinde önemli bir değişiklik olmadığı gözlenmiştir. ZnO:Eu filmlerinin diffüz yansıma spektrumları, entegre küre aparatlı UV-vis spektrofotometre yardımıyla ölçülmüştür. Bu spektrumlar kullanılarak filmlerin optik bant aralık değerleri, hem diferansiyel yansıma spektrumları hem de Kubelka-Munk fonksiyonu kullanılarak belirlenmiştir.

References

  • [1] Özgür Ü., Morkoç H. (2006). Optical Properties of ZnO and Related Alloys. In: Zinc Oxide Bulk, Thin Films and Nanostructures Processing, Properties and Applications, Jagadish C. ve Pearton S. (eds), Elsevier Science, New York, 175-239.
  • [2] Morkoç H., Özgür, Ü. (2009). Zinc Oxide: Fundamentals, Materials and Device Technology. Wiley Company, Germany, 488.
  • [3] Raj C. J., Rajesh M., Manikandan R., Sim J. Y., Yu K. H., Park S. Y., Song J. H., Kim B. C. (2017). Two - Dimensional Planar Supercapacitor Based on Zinc Oxide / Manganese Oxide Core / Shell Nano - architecture. Electrochimica Acta. 247, 949–957.
  • [4] Baltakesmez, A., Tekmen, S., Koç, P., Tuzemen, S., Meral, K., Onganer. Y. (2013). UV-visible detector and LED based n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction formed by electrodeposition. Aip Advances, 3, 032125.
  • [5] Sathya M., Claude A., Govindasamy P., Sudha K. (2012). Growth of pure and doped ZnO thin films for solar cell applications. Advances in Applied Science Research. 3 (5):2591-2598.
  • [6] Ates, T., Tatar, C., Yakuphanoglu, F. (2013). Preparation of semiconductor ZnO powders by sol gel method: Humidity sensors. Sensor. Actuat. A-Phys., 190, 153-160.
  • [7] Liu K., Sakurai M., Aono M. (2010). ZnO-Based Ultraviolet Photodetectors. Sensors. 10, 8604-8634.
  • [8] Caglar Y., Caglar M., Ilican S., Aksoy S., Yakuphanoglu F. (2015). Effect of channel thickness on the field effect mobility of ZnO-TFT fabricated by sol gel process. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 621, 189-193.
  • [9] M. Hjiri, M., Dhahri, R., Omri, K., El Mir, L., Leonardi, S. G., Donato, N., Neri, G. (2014). Effect of indium doping on ZnO based-gas sensor for CO. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 27, 319–325.
  • [10] Ilican, S. (2016). Improvement of the Crystallinity and Optical Parameters of ZnO Film with Aluminum Doping. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A., 17(1), 181-190.
  • [11] Yakuphanoglu, F., Ilican, S., Caglar, M., Caglar, Y. (2010). Microstructure and electro-optical properties of sol–gel derived Cd-doped ZnO films. Superlatt. Microstr., 47(6), 732-743.
  • [12] Ajili, M., Castagné, M., Turki, N. K. (2013). Study on the doping effect of Sn-doped ZnO thin films. Superlatt. Microstr., 53, 213–222.
  • [13] Ilican, S. (2016). Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Erbium-Doped ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Spin Coating Method. J. Nanoelectron. Optoelectron., 11(4), 465-471.
  • [14] Nouri, A., Beniaiche, A., Soucase, B. M., Guessas, H., Azizi, A, (2017). Photoluminescence study of Eu+3 doped ZnO nanocolumns prepared by electrodeposition method. Optik, 139, 104–110.
  • [15] Turgut, G., Duman, S., Sonmez, E., Ozcelik, F.S. (2016). A study of Eu incorporated ZnO thin films: An application ofAl/ZnO:Eu/p-Si heterojunction diode. Materials Science and Engineering B, 206, 9–16.
  • [16] Chen J.T., Wang J., Zhang F., Zhang G.A., Wu Z.G., Yan P.X. (2008) The effect of La doping concentration on the properties of zinc oxide films prepared by the sol–gel method. Journal of Crystal Growth, 310, 2627–2632.
  • [17] Ilican, S., Ilgu, G. (2016). Electrical Properties of n-ZnO:La/p-Si Heterostructure Diode. Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics., 11(4), 401-406.
  • [18] Nurul Fadzilah, A. R., Othman, R. N., Miskon, A., Sahdan, M. Z., Tawil, S. N. M. (2017). Gadolinium-doped zinc oxide thin films prepared on different substrates by sol-gel spin-coating. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1901, 020028.
  • [19] Opel, M., Geprägs, S., Althammer, M., Brenninger, T., Gross, R. (2017). Laser molecular beam epitaxy of ZnO thin films and heterostructures. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 47, 034002.
  • [20] Purica, M., Budianu, E., Rusu, E., Danila, M., Gavrila, R. (2002). Optical and structural investigation of ZnO thin films prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Thin Solid Films, 403–404, 485-488.
  • [21] Jazmati, A. K., Abdallah, B. (2018). Optical and Structural Study of ZnO Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering at Different Thicknesses: a Comparison with Single Crystal. Materials Research. 21(3), e20170821.
  • [22] Arslan, A., Hur, E., Ilican, S., Caglar, Y., Caglar, M. (2014). Controlled growth of c-axis oriented ZnO nanorod array films by electrodeposition method and characterization. Spectrochim. Acta A., 128, 716-723.
  • [23] Ilican, S. (2013). Effect of Na doping on the microstructures and optical properties of ZnO nanorods. J. Alloys Compound., 2013, 553, 225-232.
  • [24] Ilgu, G., Caglar, Y., Ilican, S., Caglar, M., Ruzgar, S. (2014). The effect of sol concentration on the structural and electrical parameters of nanostructure ZnO films by sol gel dip coating. J. Nanoelectron. Optoe., 9, 622-627.
  • [25] Inbaraj, P. F. H., Prince, J. J. (2018). Optical and structural properties of Mg doped ZnO thin films by chemical bath deposition method. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 29(2), 935–943.
  • [26] Yakuphanoğlu, F., Ilican, S., Caglar, M., Caglar, Y. (2007). The determination of the optical band and optical constants of non-crystalline and crystalline ZnO thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis. J., Optoelectron. Adv. M., 9(7), 2180-2185.
  • [27] Rayes, R. M. S., Kumar, Y., C.-Jácome, M. A., Antonio, J. A. T., Mathew, X., Mathews, N. R. (2017). Effect of Eu Doping on the Physical, Photoluminescence, and Photocatalytic Characteristics of ZnO Thin Films Grown by Sol–Gel Method. Phys. Status Solidi A, 214, 1700229.
  • [28] Cullity B.D., Stock S.R., Elements of X-ray Diffraction, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey, 2001.
  • [29] Murphy, A. B. (2007). Band-gap determination from diffuse reflectance measurements of semiconductor films, and application to photoelectrochemical water-splitting. Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. 91, 1326–1337.
  • [30] Caglar, Y., Ilican, S., Caglar, M. (2017). FESEM, XRD and DRS studies of electrochemically deposited boron doped ZnO films. Materials Science-Poland, 35(4), 824-829.
  • [31] Swapna, R., Reddy, T. S., Venkateswarlu, K., Kumar, M. C. S. (2015). Effect of Post-Annealing on the Properties of Eu Doped ZnO Nano Thin Films. Procedia Materials Science, 10, 723–729.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gonca İlgü Büyük

Saliha Ilıcan

Publication Date December 31, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA İlgü Büyük, G., & Ilıcan, S. (2018). ZnO:Eu Filmlerinin Mikroyapısal ve Optik Özellikleri. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 141-153. https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.473808