The mosses analysis along Kahramanmaraş-Adana Highway in East Mediterranean region of Turkey

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 311 - 322, 15.12.2019

Bahadır Koz

https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.633466

Abstract

In this study; The mosses around the Kahramanmaraş-Adana highway were analyzed and information was obtained about the heavy metal pollution of the region. In this study, as a result of macroscopic and microscopic examination of mosses collected from the field, species identification has been made. Heavy metal analyzes were performed with Energy-dispersive X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF). As a result of the analyzes, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were found. With the current study; It is aimed to obtain information about heavy metal pollution along the motorway in the Eastern Mediterranean region. This study is the first study to determine heavy metal pollution by analyzing mosses related to traffic density in the region. Therefore, in this study; heavy metal analyzes were carried out on the mosses collected along the highway. The possible effects of the results on human and environmental health are discussed. Another result is that the mosses used in these studies are a good indicator plant group. It has also been shown that the concentrations of heavy metals are important for the environment and human health.

Keywords

Heavy metal, Mosses, East Mediterranean region, Traffic

Türkiye’nin Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesindeki(Kahramanmaraş-Adana) Otoyol Çevresindeki Karayosunlarında Ağır Metal Analizleri

Abstract

Bu araştırmada; Kahramanmaraş-Adana otoyolu çevresindeki karayosunları analiz edilmiş ve bölgenin ağır metal kirliliği hakkında bilgi edinilmiştir. Bu çalışma da araziden toplanan karayosunları laboratuarda makroskobik ve mikroskobik incelenmeleri neticesinde tür teşhisleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ağır metal analizleri, Enerji ayırımlı X-Işını floresans spektrometresi (EDXRF) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler neticesinde karayosunlarında, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn ve Pb olduğu belirlenmiştir. Mevcut çalışma ile; Doğu Akdeniz bölgesinde bulunan Otoyol boyunca ağır metal kirliliği hakkında bilgi edinilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, bölgedeki trafik yoğunluğu ile ilişkili karayosunlarının analiz edilerek ağır metal kirliliğinin belirlenmesinde ki ilk çalışmadır. Bundan dolayı bu çalışmada; otoyol boyunca toplanan karayosunlarında ağır metal analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulunan sonuçların, İnsan ve çevre sağlığı üzerine muhtemel etkileri tartışılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlardan bir diğeri ise bu tür çalışmalarda kullanılan karayosunlarının iyi bir indikatör bitki grubu oldukları sonucu tekrar belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ağır metallerin yoğunluklarının çevre ve insan sağlığı açısından önemli olduğu da gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

Ağır Metal, Karayosunu, Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi, Trafik

References

• KaynaklarCommunities of the European Commission, (2002). Commission Regulation (EC) 221/2002 of 6 February 2002 amending regulation (EC) No.466/2002 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Official journal of the European Communities. Brussels, 6 February 2002.Conti, M., (2005). A statistical approach applied to trace metal data from biomonitoring studies. International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 23, 29-41.Dockery, D.W. (2001). Epidemiological evidence of cardiovascular effects of particulate air pollution. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109, 483-486.Duran. C., Soylak, M., Bulut, V.N., Gundogdu, A., Tufekci, M., Elci, L., Senturk, H.B. (2007). Specification of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in Environmental Samples of ter Solid Phase Extraction on Amberlite XAD-2000. Journal of Chinese Chemistry Society, 54, 625-634.Frey, W., Fram, J.P., Fischer, E., Lobin, W. (1995). Die Moos-und Farnpfanzen Europas. Stuttgart.Garg, B.D., Cadle, S.H., Mulawa, P.A., Groblicki, P.J., Laroo, C.,Parr, G.A. (2000). Brake wear particulate matter emissions. Environmental Science and Technology, 34, 4463-4469. Grodzinska, K., Szarek-Lukaszewska, G. (2001). Response of mosses to the heavy metal deposition in Poland-an overwiev. Environmental Pollution, 114, 443-451.Herrnstadt, I., Heyn, C.C., Bischler, H., Jovet-Ast, S. (2004). The Bryophyte Flora of Israel and Adjacent Regions. Jerusalem.IARC (1993). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Vol. 58, Lyon, France.Jaradat, Q.M. ve Monami, K.A. (1999). Contamination of roadside soil, plants, and air with heavy metals in Jordan, a comparative study. Turkish Journal of Chemistry, 23, 209-220.Khare, M., Sharma, P. (2003). Fuel options. In: Button KJ, Hensher DA (Eds.). Handbook of Transport and Environment. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 159-183.Koz, B., Cevik, U., Bulut, V.N., Kaya, S., Gundogdu, A., Celik, N. (2013). Heavy metal analysis by moss species in the Black Sea Region of Turkey, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 22, 1287-1295.Markert, B., Breure, A. and Zechmeister H.G., eds., (2003). Bioindicators and Biomonitors-Principles, concepts and applications, Elsevier, New York.Markert, B. (2007). Definitions and principles for bioindication and biomonitoring of trace metals in the environment. Journal of Trace Elements, 21, 77-82.Massadeh, A.M., Snook, R.D. (2002). Determination of Pb and Cd in road dusts over the period in which Pb was removed from petrol in the UK. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 4, 567-572.Ötvös, E., Pazmandi, T., Tuba, Z. (2003). First national survey of atmospheric heavy metal deposition in Hungary by the analysis of mosses. Science of the Total Environment, 309, 151-160.Pedrotti, C.C. (2001). Flora Dei Muschi D’İtalia. Roma.Rühling, A., Steinnes, E. (1998). Atmospheric heavy metal deposition in Europa 1995-1996. NORD, 15, 1-66.Smith, A.J.E., (2004). The Moss Flora of Britain and Ireland. Edinburgh.Szczepaniak, K., Biziuk, M. (2003). Aspects of the biomonitoring studies using mosses and lichens as indicators of metal pollution. Environmental Research, 93, 221-230.TURKSTAT (Turkish Statistical Institute), (2005). Road Motor Vehicle Statistics. www.cevreorman.gov.tr/moz (February 15, 2010)www.tuberose.com/Heavy_Metal_Toxicity.html (March 20, 2009) www.tuik.gov.tr (October 11, 2019)Wolterbeek, B. (2002). Biomonitoring of trace element air pollution: principles, possibilities and perspectives. Environmental Pollution, 120, 11-21.
• Zechmeister, H.G., Grodzinska, K., Szarek-Lukaszewska, G. (2003). Bryophytes. In: Markert, B.A., Breure, A.M., Zechmeister, H.G. (Eds.), Bioindicators/Biomonitors (Principles, Assesment, Concepts). Elsevier, Amsterdam, 329-374.