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Üre-Formaldehit Reçinesi Katı Atıklarının Tarımsal Gübre Olarak Kullanımı

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 576 - 588, 18.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1395117

Abstract

Bu araştırmada temel amaç; orman ürünleri sanayinde çıkan üre-formaldehit reçineleri (UFR) atıklarının, çevre dostu sayılabilecek “iyi tarım” uygulamalarında gübre olarak, nasıl yeniden kullanılabileceğini incelemektir. Yani esas hedef, UFR atıklarının tarımsal faaliyetlerde kullanılmasının, bitki büyümesi üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek ve bu atıkların çevresel sürdürülebilirlik açısından potansiyelini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma, UFR atıklarının tarım sektöründe verimli bir şekilde kullanıldığında olumlu etkiler sağladığını göstermektedir. Bu atıkların toprak verimliliğini artırdığı, bitki büyümesini teşvik ettiği ve topraktaki besin maddelerinin daha etkili bir şekilde kullanılmasına olanak tanıdığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, UFR atıklarının çevre dostu bir gübre kaynağı olarak kullanılması, atık yönetimi ve tarım uygulamaları arasındaki çevresel ve ekonomik bağlantıyı güçlendirecektir. Bu çalışmada, UFR atıklarının tarımsal gübre olarak kullanılmasının sürdürülebilir bir strateji olabileceği ve bu yaklaşımın çevresel faydalarının yanı sıra tarım sektöründeki ekonomik etkilerini de iyileştirebileceği ortaya konulmuştur. Bu bağlamda; UFR atıkları dâhil tüm atıkların verimli bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi, çevre dostu olabilecek “iyi tarım” uygulamalarının teşvik edilmesi ve tarımın sürdürülebilirliğine katkıda bulunulması, önemli bir araştırma önerisidir.

References

  • Akinterinwa, A., Ismaila, A., and Aliyu, B. (2020). Concise Chemistry of Urea Formaldehyde Resins and Formaldehyde Emission. Insights in Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1(1), 1-6.
  • Chan, C. L., and Joyce, D. (2007). Effects of urea formaldehyde foam soil amendment on growth and response to transient water deficit stress of potted Flindersia schottiana saplings. Scientia Horticulturae, 114(2), 112–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2007.06.002
  • Dorieh, A., Mahmoodi, N., Mamaghani, M., Pizzi, A., and Mohammadi Zeydi, M. (2018). Comparison of the Properties of Urea-Formaldehyde Resins by the Use of Formalin or Urea Formaldehyde Condensates. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 32(23), 2537-2551.
  • Dunky, M. (1998). Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) Adhesive Resins for Wood. International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives, 18, 95-107.
  • Eryilmaz, H., Demirarslan, K. O. (2022). Plastik Kirliliğine Karşı Yeni Bir Uyum Çalışması: Plastik Atık ve Toprak Karışımında Bitki Üretimi. Ulusal Çevre Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5 (2), 74-83.
  • El-Monem, E. A. A. A.; Saleh, M. M. S.; Mostafa, E. A. M. (2009). Effect of urea-formaldehyde as a slow release nitrogen fertilizer on productivity of mango trees. Green Farming, 2, 592−595.
  • Guo, Y., Zhang, M., Liu, Z., Tian, X., Zhang, S., Zhao, C. and Lu, H. (2018). Modeling and Optimizing the Synthesis of Urea-formaldehyde Fertilizers and Analyses of Factors Affecting these Processes. Scientific Reports, 8, 4504.
  • Liu, M., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., & Wan, H. (2018). Hydrolysis and recycling of urea formaldehyde resin residues. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 355, 96–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.019
  • Lubis, M. A. R., Hong, M. K., & Park, B. D. (2017, May 22). Hydrolytic Removal of Cured Urea–Formaldehyde Resins in Medium-Density Fiberboard for Recycling. Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 38(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2017.1316741
  • Nektarios, P. A., Nikolopoulou, A. E., and Chronopoulos, I. (2004). Sod establishment and turfgrass growth as affected by urea–formaldehyde resin foam soil amendment. Scientia Horticulturae, 100(1–4), 203–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2003.08.005
  • Ohalete, M. N., Popoola, A. V. (2019). Urea-Formaldehyde Resins Synthesis, Modification and Characterization. OSR Journal of Applied Chemistry, 12(8), 19-25.
  • Osemeahon, S. A., Barminas, J. (2007). Study of Some Physical Properties of Urea Formaldehyde and Urea Proparaldehyde Copolymer Composite for Emulsion Paint Formulation. International Journal of Physical Sciences, 2(7) 169-177
  • Saito, K., Hirabayashi, Y., and Yamanaka, S. (2021). Reduction of Formaldehyde Emission from Urea-Formaldehyde Resin with a Small Quantity of Graphene Oxide. Royal Society of Chemistry, 11, 32830-32836.
  • Song, J., Chen, S., Yi, X., Zhao, X., Zhang, J., Liu, X. and Liu, B. (2021). Preparation and Properties of the Urea-Formaldehyde Res-In/Reactive Halloysite Nanocomposites Adhesive with Low-Formaldehyde Emission and Good Water Resistance. Polymers, 13, 2224.
  • Tohmura, S. I., Hse, C. Y. and Higuchi, M. (2000). Formaldehyde Emission and High-Temperature Stability of Cured Urea-Formaldehyde Resins. Journal of Wood Science, 46, 303-309.
  • Yang, X., Ru, X., Shi, J., Song, J., Zhao, H., Liu, Y. and Zhao, G. (2018). Granular, Slow-Release Fertilizer from Urea-formaldehyde, Ammonium Polyphosphate, and Amorphous Silica Gel: A New Strategy Using Cold Extrusion. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 66, 7606−7615.
  • Yüce, Ö., Başboğa, İ. H., Atar, İ., Karakuş, K. and Mengeloğlu, F. (2020). Utilization of Urea Powders with Different Sizes as a Formaldehyde-Scavenger in the Particleboard Manufacturing. Sigma Journal of Engineering & Natural Sciences, 11(2), 193-202.
  • Zorba, T., Papadopoulou, E., Hatjiissaak, A., Paraskevopoulos, K. M. and Chrissafis, K. (2008). Urea-Formaldehyde Resins Characterized by Thermal Analysis and FTIR Method. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 92(1), 29-33.

Use of Urea-Formaldehyde Resin Solid Wastes as Agricultural Fertilizer

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 576 - 588, 18.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1395117

Abstract

The main purpose in this research is, to examine the potential utilization of urea-formaldehyde resin (UFR) wastes, produced in the forest products industry, as a sustainable fertilizer in eco-friendly “good agricultural” practices. The primary aim of this study is, to evaluate the effects of using UFR wastes in agricultural activities on plant growth and to reveal the potential of these wastes in terms of environmental sustainability. The study shows that UFR waste provides positive effects when used efficiently in the agricultural sector. It has been determined that these waste materials enhance soil fertility, facilitate plant growth, and improve the efficient utilization of nutrients within the soil. Additionally, using UFR wastes as an environmentally friendly fertilizer source will strengthen the environmental and economic link between waste management and agricultural practices. This study reveals that the use of UFR waste as agricultural fertilizer can be a sustainable strategy and that this approach can improve its economic impacts in the agricultural sector as well as its environmental benefits. In this particular context; efficient utilization of all wastes including UFR wastes, encouraging environmentally friendly "good agriculture" practices and contributing to the sustainability of agriculture is an important research proposal.

References

  • Akinterinwa, A., Ismaila, A., and Aliyu, B. (2020). Concise Chemistry of Urea Formaldehyde Resins and Formaldehyde Emission. Insights in Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1(1), 1-6.
  • Chan, C. L., and Joyce, D. (2007). Effects of urea formaldehyde foam soil amendment on growth and response to transient water deficit stress of potted Flindersia schottiana saplings. Scientia Horticulturae, 114(2), 112–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2007.06.002
  • Dorieh, A., Mahmoodi, N., Mamaghani, M., Pizzi, A., and Mohammadi Zeydi, M. (2018). Comparison of the Properties of Urea-Formaldehyde Resins by the Use of Formalin or Urea Formaldehyde Condensates. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 32(23), 2537-2551.
  • Dunky, M. (1998). Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) Adhesive Resins for Wood. International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives, 18, 95-107.
  • Eryilmaz, H., Demirarslan, K. O. (2022). Plastik Kirliliğine Karşı Yeni Bir Uyum Çalışması: Plastik Atık ve Toprak Karışımında Bitki Üretimi. Ulusal Çevre Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5 (2), 74-83.
  • El-Monem, E. A. A. A.; Saleh, M. M. S.; Mostafa, E. A. M. (2009). Effect of urea-formaldehyde as a slow release nitrogen fertilizer on productivity of mango trees. Green Farming, 2, 592−595.
  • Guo, Y., Zhang, M., Liu, Z., Tian, X., Zhang, S., Zhao, C. and Lu, H. (2018). Modeling and Optimizing the Synthesis of Urea-formaldehyde Fertilizers and Analyses of Factors Affecting these Processes. Scientific Reports, 8, 4504.
  • Liu, M., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., & Wan, H. (2018). Hydrolysis and recycling of urea formaldehyde resin residues. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 355, 96–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.019
  • Lubis, M. A. R., Hong, M. K., & Park, B. D. (2017, May 22). Hydrolytic Removal of Cured Urea–Formaldehyde Resins in Medium-Density Fiberboard for Recycling. Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 38(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2017.1316741
  • Nektarios, P. A., Nikolopoulou, A. E., and Chronopoulos, I. (2004). Sod establishment and turfgrass growth as affected by urea–formaldehyde resin foam soil amendment. Scientia Horticulturae, 100(1–4), 203–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2003.08.005
  • Ohalete, M. N., Popoola, A. V. (2019). Urea-Formaldehyde Resins Synthesis, Modification and Characterization. OSR Journal of Applied Chemistry, 12(8), 19-25.
  • Osemeahon, S. A., Barminas, J. (2007). Study of Some Physical Properties of Urea Formaldehyde and Urea Proparaldehyde Copolymer Composite for Emulsion Paint Formulation. International Journal of Physical Sciences, 2(7) 169-177
  • Saito, K., Hirabayashi, Y., and Yamanaka, S. (2021). Reduction of Formaldehyde Emission from Urea-Formaldehyde Resin with a Small Quantity of Graphene Oxide. Royal Society of Chemistry, 11, 32830-32836.
  • Song, J., Chen, S., Yi, X., Zhao, X., Zhang, J., Liu, X. and Liu, B. (2021). Preparation and Properties of the Urea-Formaldehyde Res-In/Reactive Halloysite Nanocomposites Adhesive with Low-Formaldehyde Emission and Good Water Resistance. Polymers, 13, 2224.
  • Tohmura, S. I., Hse, C. Y. and Higuchi, M. (2000). Formaldehyde Emission and High-Temperature Stability of Cured Urea-Formaldehyde Resins. Journal of Wood Science, 46, 303-309.
  • Yang, X., Ru, X., Shi, J., Song, J., Zhao, H., Liu, Y. and Zhao, G. (2018). Granular, Slow-Release Fertilizer from Urea-formaldehyde, Ammonium Polyphosphate, and Amorphous Silica Gel: A New Strategy Using Cold Extrusion. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 66, 7606−7615.
  • Yüce, Ö., Başboğa, İ. H., Atar, İ., Karakuş, K. and Mengeloğlu, F. (2020). Utilization of Urea Powders with Different Sizes as a Formaldehyde-Scavenger in the Particleboard Manufacturing. Sigma Journal of Engineering & Natural Sciences, 11(2), 193-202.
  • Zorba, T., Papadopoulou, E., Hatjiissaak, A., Paraskevopoulos, K. M. and Chrissafis, K. (2008). Urea-Formaldehyde Resins Characterized by Thermal Analysis and FTIR Method. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 92(1), 29-33.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Chemical Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hasan Eryilmaz 0000-0003-4909-6907

Kazım Onur Demirarslan 0000-0002-1023-7584

Recep Aykan 0000-0002-6193-9236

Publication Date June 18, 2024
Submission Date November 23, 2023
Acceptance Date June 14, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Eryilmaz, H., Demirarslan, K. O., & Aykan, R. (2024). Üre-Formaldehit Reçinesi Katı Atıklarının Tarımsal Gübre Olarak Kullanımı. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 576-588. https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1395117