Lithium Recovery from Thermally Activated Carbonate-hosted Clay-type Boron Production Waste with Water Leaching

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1141 - 1158, 15.09.2024

Merve Aladağ Mehmet Erdem

https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1427540

Abstract

The demand for lithium is increasing due to the production of lithium-ion batteries and its widespread use in the glass, ceramics, pharmaceutical and nuclear industries. It is estimated that the need for lithium will more than double by 2025, especially with the production of electric vehicles and mobile devices. Insufficient available resources to meet the increasing demand necessitates the search for alternative secondary resources. Carbonate-hosted clay-type boron deposits and boron production wastes containing up to 0.65% lithium (Li2O) are potential source to meet the lithium demand. In this study, the leaching conditions of lithium from boron production waste activated thermally were investigated. For this purpose, firstly, the waste was thermally activated at different temperatures ranging from 600-800°C, and the mineralogical and morphological properties of the obtained products were determined. Then, the dissolution of lithium from each activated sample by water leaching was examined. It was determined that dolomite, calcite, montmorillonite, and tobermorite in the waste started to transform into monticellite (CaMgSiO4) from 650°C, and above 700°C the clay structure was degraded and all thermo-chemical transformations were completed. It was observed that melting occurred on the outer surfaces of the particles and accordingly, the pores closed and the particle diameters increased at 750 and 800C. The highest leaching efficiency (85%) was obtained under the optimized conditions (liquid/solid:20, temperature: 50C, contact time: 30 min) from the sample activated at 700°C for 120 min where the particle surface was more porous and rougher and the mineralogical transformations were significantly completed.

Keywords

Lithium, Thermal activation, Leaching, Boron waste

Project Number

Fırat Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi (FÜBAP) MF.19.35

Termal Olarak Aktive Edilmiş Karbonat İçerikli Kil Tipi Bor Üretim Atığından Su Liçiyle Lityum Kazanımı

Abstract

Lityum iyon pillerin üretimi ve cam, seramik, ilaç ve nükleer endüstrilerdeki yaygın kullanımı nedeniyle lityuma olan talep her geçen gün artmaktadır. Özellikle elektrikli araç ve mobil cihazların üretimiyle birlikte lityum ihtiyacının 2025 yılına kadar iki kattan fazla artacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Artan talebi karşılamak için mevcut kaynakların yetersiz olması, alternatif ikincil kaynak arayışını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Karbonat içeren kil tipi bor yatakları ve %0.65'e kadar lityum (Li2O) içeren bor üretim atıkları lityum üretimi için potansiyel bir kaynaktır. Bu çalışmada, doğrudan termal olarak aktive edilen bor üretim atıklarından lityumun liç koşulları araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla; atık 600-800°C arasında değişen farklı sıcaklıklarda ve sürelerde termal olarak aktive edilmiş, elde edilen ürünlerin mineralojik ve morfolojik özellikleri belirlendikten sonra aktive ürünlerden lityumun su ile liçi incelenmiştir. Atık içerisindeki dolomit, kalsit, montmorillonit ve tobermoritin 650°C'den itibaren montisellite (CaMgSiO4) dönüşmeye başladığı ve 700C’nin üzerinde kil yapısının bozulduğu ve tüm dönüşümlerin tamamlandığı belirlenmiştir. 750 ve 800C’de aktive edilen örneklerde yüzeysel erimelerle partikül yüzeylerinde kapanmaların ve partikül çaplarının büyüdüğü tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek liç verimi (%85) optimize edilen şartlar altında (sıvı/katı oranı:20, sıcaklık:50C, temas süresi:30 dk) partikül yüzeyinin daha gözenekli ve pürüzlü olduğu ve mineralojik dönüşümlerin önemli oranda tamamlandığı 700°C'de 120 dk süreyle aktive edilen örnekten elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

Lityum, Termal aktivasyon, Liç, Bor atığı

Ethical Statement

Gerekli değil

Supporting Institution

Fırat Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

Fırat Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi (FÜBAP) MF.19.35

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Fırat Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi (FÜBAP) tarafından MF.19.35 protokol numaralı proje ile desteklenmiştir. Katkılarından dolayı FÜBAP’a teşekkür ederiz.

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