AN ASSESMENT OF EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN MARITIME BOUNDARY DELIMITATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN TURKEY AND LIBYA

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 51 - 84, 30.06.2020

Zekiye Nazlı Kansu

Öz

In recent years, the Eastern Mediterranean hydrocarbon discoveries is one of the hot topic. Related to it, maritime jurisdiction area disputes have occurred in the region. The most important one is the Turkey- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) and Greek Cypriot State (GCA) dispute. Turkey, made an agreement with Libya on November, 2019 against ongoing dispute and unlawful activities. As a result of it, Turkey and Libya became coastal neighbors, and two littoral states. Agreement has strong impact on entire political and economic situation in the Eastern Mediterranean, particularly, regional and global actors competition on energy resources. Agreement will definitely change proxy war balances which is conducted by global actors such as the USA, Russia and the European Union (EU). The ongoing civil war in Libya is the active and passive component of this agreement. Regional and global actors reacted very sharply to the agreement because of their interest and plans about region are deteriorated.
In this study, the impact of the agreement on Eastern Mediterranean hydrocarbon activities, regional and global actors, Libyan Civil War, Eastmed Pipeline project and the Turkey-TRNC-GCA dispute are evaluated. Agreement’s legality is analyzed accompanying with Libya’s political situation and diplomatic relations with Turkey. Finally, Turkey’s important role and place in the Eastern Mediterranean is considered to explain the importance of the agreement.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eastern Mediterranean, EEZ, Turkey, Libya, Energy

Doğu Akdeniz Türkiye-Libya Deniz Yetki Alanı Sınırlandırma Anlaşmasına İlişkin bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Doğu Akdeniz hidrokarbon keşifleri, son yılların en önemli konularından birisidir. Doğu Akdeniz’de, hidrokarbon kaynaklarına ilişkin, deniz yetki alanı uyuşmazlıkları yaşanmaktadır. Bu uyuşmazlıkların başında Türkiye-Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (KKTC) ve Güney Kıbrıs Rum Yönetimi (GKRY) deniz yetki alanı çatışması gelmektedir. Türkiye, bölgede devam eden çatışmaya ve buna ilişkin faaliyetlere karşın Kasım 2019’da Libya ile MEB anlaşması imzalamıştır. Anlaşma ile, Türkiye ve Libya denizden komşu olarak, iki kıyıdaş devlet haline gelmiştir. Anlaşma, Doğu Akdeniz’deki bütün, politik ve ekonomik denklemi değiştirecek potansiyele sahiptir. Özellikle enerji kaynakları ekseninde bölgede şekillenen bölgesel ve küresel güçlerin rekabeti, anlaşmadan etkilenecektir. Bölgede, ABD, Rusya, AB gibi küresel güçlerin ve yürüttükleri vekalet savaşlarına ilişkin dengelerin de değişeceği açıktır. Devrim sonrası Libya’da devam eden İç Savaş, anlaşmanın etkeni ve edilgeni konumundadır. Anlaşmaya büyük tepki gösteren GKRY, Yunanistan, Fransa, Mısır ile ABD, Rusya, İsrail gibi ülkelerin de bölgedeki çıkarlarının zedelendiği ve planlarının bozulduğu görülmektedir.
Çalışma, Türkiye-Libya Deniz Yetki Alanlarının Sınırlandırılmasına İlişkin Mutabakat Muhtırası’nın, bölgesel ve küresel aktörler ve dinamiklere etkisini öngörülerle birlikte ele almaktadır. Anlaşmanın, Doğu Akdeniz hidrokarbon faaliyetlerine, Libya İç Savaşı’na, EastMed Boru Hattı projesine ve Türkiye-GKRY-KKTC-Yunanistan deniz yetki alanları çatışmasına etkisini incelemektedir. Araştırmada, anlaşmanın hukuki açıdan geçerliliği, Libya’nın siyasi konjonktürü ve Türkiye ile ilişkileri de ele alınmakla birlikte, Türkiye’nin Doğu Akdeniz’deki önemi ve konumu, anlaşmanın önemi ortaya konularak değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doğu Akdeniz, MEB, Türkiye, Libya, Enerji

Kaynakça

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