RadAlt Arızaları için EKF Sensör Füzyonlu Dijital İkiz Mimarisi

Abstract

Yapılan bu çalışma, bir altimetre sisteminin dijital ikizini oluşturarak olası radar altimetre (RadAlt) arızalarında gerçek zamanlı yedek bir irtifa sistemi sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. RadAlt sistemleri zaman zaman elektromanyetik girişimler, teknik arızalar ve çalışma aralığı gibi sebeplerden dolayı başarısız olabilmektedir. Dijital ikiz mimarisi tasarlanırken, genişletilmiş kalman filtre (EKF) tabanlı sensör füzyon tasarımı ile fiziksel bir sistemin sanal bir simülasyonu oluşturulmuştur. Tanımlanan arıza senaryoları doğrultusunda histerezis bir karar mekanizmasına sahip olan dijital ikiz mimarisi, tahmin algoritması arka planda sürekli çalışmasın rağmen sadece RadAlt arıza senaryosu gerçekleştiğinde sistemin dijital ikiz çıktısı vermesini sağlayarak sistemin kararlılığını sağlamaktadır. Gerçekçi sensör modelleri ve arıza koşulları ile bir uçuş profili tasarlanarak farklı test senaryolarında simülasyon test edilmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçları, RadAlt verisinin arıza senaryosunda dijital ikiz sisteminin güvenilir irtifa tahmini sağlayan sanal bir altimetre görevi gördüğü ve doğru irtifa bilgisi verdiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Dijital İkiz
• RadAlt
• Genişletilmiş Kalman Filtresi
• Sensör Füzyonu
• Havacılık
• Simülasyon

Digital Twin Architecture with EKF Sensor Fusion for RadAlt Faults

Abstract

This study aims to develop a digital twin of an altimeter system to provide a real-time backup altitude solution in the event of possible Radar Altimeter (RadAlt) failures. RadAlt systems may occasionally fail due to reasons such as electromagnetic interference, technical malfunctions, or operational range limitations. During the design of the digital twin architecture, a virtual simulation of the physical system was created using an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)-based sensor fusion scheme. In line with the defined fault scenarios, the digital twin architecture incorporates a hysteresis-based decision mechanism that ensures the prediction algorithm runs continuously in the background but only outputs the digital twin data when a RadAlt fault scenario occurs, thereby maintaining system stability. A flight profile was designed with realistic sensor models and fault conditions, and the system was tested under various simulation scenarios. Simulation results showed that, in the event of a RadAlt failure, the digital twin system functioned as a virtual altimeter providing reliable altitude estimation and accurate altitude information.

Keywords

• Digital Twin
• RadAlt
• Extended Kalman Filter
• Sensor Fusion
• Aviation

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