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İKİ ŞEHRİN, MANCHESTER VE TRABZON’UN, ALTIN ÇAĞLARI VE ÇÖKÜŞLERİ AÇISINDAN GELECEKTE GÜÇLERİNİ YENİDEN KAZANMA POLİTİKALARIYLA BERABER KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 23, 197 - 218, 09.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.18220/kid.350580

Abstract

Her nekadar iki şehir, Birleşik Krallık’ın kuzeybatısında yer alan
Manchester Şehri ve Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğusunda yer alan Trabzon (eski adıyla
“Trapezus”) şehri birbirinden çok uzak görünse de aslında, geçmişten günümüze
pekçok“şaşırtıcı” ortak noktalar paylaşarak birbirine çok yakındırlar. Bu
bağlamda, söylenebilir ki her ikisi de “altın çağları”nı 19.yüzyılda yaşamış ve
hızlarını da 20. yüzyılda ülkelerindeki hem iç ve hem de dış “dünyadaki
değişim”den kaynaklı olarak kaybetmişlerdir. 19.yüzyılda kapitalizmin merkezi
olan Manchester, Endüstriyel Devrimin fabrikası ve uluslararası ticaret merkezi
haline gelmiştir. O zamanlarda, Manchester’dan çok uzakta, Trabzon da
güneydoğuda geçmişte Pers olarak bilinen İran ile kuzeydoğuda Kafkasya’yı
birbirine bağlayan tarihi İpek Yolu üzerindeki stratejik konumu sayesinde
“altın çağını” yaşamaktaydı. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma bu iki şehri “şaşırtıcı”
ortak taraflarını ortaya koymak için altın çağları ve çöküşleri açısından
Gelecekte Güçlerini Yeniden Kazanma Olasılıklarıyla beraber karşılaştırmayı
amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma ortaya koymaktadır ki 19. yüzyıl sadece her iki şehrin
de “altın çağları”nı yaşamış olduğu bir dönem değil, aynı zamanda Tebriz yada
Tahran’a varmak için Trabzon’dan geçen Manchester’lı gezgin ve tekstilciler
sayesinde iki şehrin de gerçek bağlantılar kurmaya fırsat bulmuş olduğu bir
dönem olmuştur. 

References

  • BROWN, R.W. “The City in European History: Industrial Manchester in the Nineteenth Century”, 2004, http://www2.uncp.edu/home/rwb/ manchester19c.html DICKEN, P. “Global Manchester: From Globaliser to Globalised” in City of Revolution: Restructuring Manchester, Ed. Peck, Jamie and Ward, Kevin, Manchester University Press: UK 2002. ECONOMIST, “Bigmouth Strikes Against: How Manchester Became A Model for the Other British Cities”, September 14, 2013a. ECONOMIST, “Manchester: The Manchester Model”, September 13, 2013b. ENGELS, F. “The Real Issue in Turkey[17]”, 1853, http://marxengels.public-archive.net/en/ME0717en.html. GRIFFIN, E. “Manchester in the 19th Century”, http://www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/manchester-in-the-19th-century GÜRSEL, S. “1838 Osmanlı İngiliz Ticaret Anlaşması”, Tanzimattan Cumhuriyete Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, C.3, İletişim Yayınları: İstanbul 1985. HALL, P. The First Industrial City, Manchester, 1760-1830, in Chapter 10, Cities in Civilization, Pantheon Books: New York 1998, pp. 310-347. HAYRI, A. İktisadi Trabzon, Haz. Melek Öksüz, Serander Yayınevi: Trabzon 2008. HETHERINGTHON, K. “Manchester’s URBIS”, Cultural Studies, 21: 4-5, 2007, pp. 630-649. ISSAWI, C. “The Tabriz-Trabzon Trade, 1830-1900: Rise and Decline of a Route”, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1970, pp. 18-27. KARABELL, Z., 2004, “Balta Liman, Convention of (1838)”, Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa, The Gale Group, Inc. from http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3424600439.html KIDD, A. “Manchester: A History”, Lancaster: Carnegie Publishing, 2006. LAMBERT, T. “A Brief History Of Manchester”, http://www.localhistories. org/manchestertime.html MANCHESTER2002-UK “19th Century Life in Victorian Manchester” http://www.manchester 2002-uk.com/history/victorian/Victorian1.html MANCHESTER2002-UK “Manchester Castlefield Canals & Railway Viaducts” http://www.manchester2002-uk.com/castlefield/castlefield2.html ÖKSÜZ, H.-USTA, V.-İNAN, K. Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası Tarihi (1884-1950), Trabzon Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası Yayınları, Trabzon 2009. OKUR, M.-KÜÇÜKUĞURLU, M. “Jeopolitik ve Stratejik Açıdan Trabzon Limanı (Geopolitical and Strategical Views of Trabzon Port)”, Karadeniz Dergisi, 3, 2009, pp. 25-41. http://www.dergikaradeniz.com/web/upload/icerik/3/3.2.pdf TAYLOR, S. and HOLDER, J. Manchester’s Northern Quarter: The Greatest Meer Village, English Heritage: UK 2008. TIMELINES.TV. “History of Britain-Changing Lives”, http://www.timelines.tv/index.php?t =0&e=12# TOPALIDIS, S., “A History of Trabzon” http://www.karalahana.com/ 2015/10/21/a-history-of-trabzon/, 2015. TRABZON.BEL.TR “Trabzon”, http://www.trabzon.bel.tr/trabzon.aspx TRABZONKULTURTURIZM “Trabzon: Cografi Yapi (Geography of Trabzon), http://www. trabzonkulturturizm.gov.tr/TR,126647/cografi-yapi-ve-iklimsel-ozellikler.html TRABZONKULTURTURIZM “Trabzon: Tarih ve Cografyasi (History and Geography of Trabzon), http://www.trabzon.gov.tr/tarihcaografya WEBRITISH.CO.UK “Manchester”, http://www.webritish.co.uk/city_display.asp?city= Manchester WIKIPEDIA.ORG “Manchester”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester WRIGHT, D.H. “ Trebizond And North-Eastern Turkey”, Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society, vol. 33, no. 2, 1945, pp. 121–32 http://www.levantineheritage.com/pdf/Trebizond-and-north-eastern-Turkey-D-Wright.pdf.

THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 23, 197 - 218, 09.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.18220/kid.350580

Abstract

Although the two cities, Manchester city of The United
Kingdom (UK), located on the northwest of the UK and Trabzon (formerly known as
“Trapezus”) of Turkey, located on the northeast of Turkey, seem so far away
from each other, they indeed very close to each other by sharing several
“surprising” common elements from past to present. In this regard, it can be
said that both had experienced their “golden ages” in the 19
th
century and lost their momentum in the 20
th century stemming from
the “changing world” in and out of their countries. Having being the centre of
the capitalism Manchester became the factory of the Industrial Revolution and
an international trade centre. At those times, far away from Manchester Trabzon
was also experiencing her “golden age” by thanks to her strategic location
which is on the historical Silk Road connecting Iran (formerly known as Persia)
in the southeast and Caucasus in the northeast. In this regard, this paper aims
at comparing the two cities in terms of their Golden Ages and Downturns in
order to put their “surprising” common parts with the Future Regaining Power
Possibilities. The paper finds out that 19th Century was not only the era in
which both cities had their golden ages but also it was an era in which they
had chance to have real connections thanks to the travellers and textiles of
Manchester that pass through Trabzon to reach to Tabriz or Teheran. 

References

  • BROWN, R.W. “The City in European History: Industrial Manchester in the Nineteenth Century”, 2004, http://www2.uncp.edu/home/rwb/ manchester19c.html DICKEN, P. “Global Manchester: From Globaliser to Globalised” in City of Revolution: Restructuring Manchester, Ed. Peck, Jamie and Ward, Kevin, Manchester University Press: UK 2002. ECONOMIST, “Bigmouth Strikes Against: How Manchester Became A Model for the Other British Cities”, September 14, 2013a. ECONOMIST, “Manchester: The Manchester Model”, September 13, 2013b. ENGELS, F. “The Real Issue in Turkey[17]”, 1853, http://marxengels.public-archive.net/en/ME0717en.html. GRIFFIN, E. “Manchester in the 19th Century”, http://www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/manchester-in-the-19th-century GÜRSEL, S. “1838 Osmanlı İngiliz Ticaret Anlaşması”, Tanzimattan Cumhuriyete Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, C.3, İletişim Yayınları: İstanbul 1985. HALL, P. The First Industrial City, Manchester, 1760-1830, in Chapter 10, Cities in Civilization, Pantheon Books: New York 1998, pp. 310-347. HAYRI, A. İktisadi Trabzon, Haz. Melek Öksüz, Serander Yayınevi: Trabzon 2008. HETHERINGTHON, K. “Manchester’s URBIS”, Cultural Studies, 21: 4-5, 2007, pp. 630-649. ISSAWI, C. “The Tabriz-Trabzon Trade, 1830-1900: Rise and Decline of a Route”, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1970, pp. 18-27. KARABELL, Z., 2004, “Balta Liman, Convention of (1838)”, Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa, The Gale Group, Inc. from http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3424600439.html KIDD, A. “Manchester: A History”, Lancaster: Carnegie Publishing, 2006. LAMBERT, T. “A Brief History Of Manchester”, http://www.localhistories. org/manchestertime.html MANCHESTER2002-UK “19th Century Life in Victorian Manchester” http://www.manchester 2002-uk.com/history/victorian/Victorian1.html MANCHESTER2002-UK “Manchester Castlefield Canals & Railway Viaducts” http://www.manchester2002-uk.com/castlefield/castlefield2.html ÖKSÜZ, H.-USTA, V.-İNAN, K. Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası Tarihi (1884-1950), Trabzon Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası Yayınları, Trabzon 2009. OKUR, M.-KÜÇÜKUĞURLU, M. “Jeopolitik ve Stratejik Açıdan Trabzon Limanı (Geopolitical and Strategical Views of Trabzon Port)”, Karadeniz Dergisi, 3, 2009, pp. 25-41. http://www.dergikaradeniz.com/web/upload/icerik/3/3.2.pdf TAYLOR, S. and HOLDER, J. Manchester’s Northern Quarter: The Greatest Meer Village, English Heritage: UK 2008. TIMELINES.TV. “History of Britain-Changing Lives”, http://www.timelines.tv/index.php?t =0&e=12# TOPALIDIS, S., “A History of Trabzon” http://www.karalahana.com/ 2015/10/21/a-history-of-trabzon/, 2015. TRABZON.BEL.TR “Trabzon”, http://www.trabzon.bel.tr/trabzon.aspx TRABZONKULTURTURIZM “Trabzon: Cografi Yapi (Geography of Trabzon), http://www. trabzonkulturturizm.gov.tr/TR,126647/cografi-yapi-ve-iklimsel-ozellikler.html TRABZONKULTURTURIZM “Trabzon: Tarih ve Cografyasi (History and Geography of Trabzon), http://www.trabzon.gov.tr/tarihcaografya WEBRITISH.CO.UK “Manchester”, http://www.webritish.co.uk/city_display.asp?city= Manchester WIKIPEDIA.ORG “Manchester”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester WRIGHT, D.H. “ Trebizond And North-Eastern Turkey”, Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society, vol. 33, no. 2, 1945, pp. 121–32 http://www.levantineheritage.com/pdf/Trebizond-and-north-eastern-Turkey-D-Wright.pdf.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ayça Sarıalioğlu Hayali 0000-0002-6613-7531

Publication Date November 9, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 12 Issue: 23

Cite

APA Sarıalioğlu Hayali, A. (2017). THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES. Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi, 12(23), 197-218. https://doi.org/10.18220/kid.350580
AMA Sarıalioğlu Hayali A. THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES. KİD. November 2017;12(23):197-218. doi:10.18220/kid.350580
Chicago Sarıalioğlu Hayali, Ayça. “THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES”. Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi 12, no. 23 (November 2017): 197-218. https://doi.org/10.18220/kid.350580.
EndNote Sarıalioğlu Hayali A (November 1, 2017) THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES. Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi 12 23 197–218.
IEEE A. Sarıalioğlu Hayali, “THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES”, KİD, vol. 12, no. 23, pp. 197–218, 2017, doi: 10.18220/kid.350580.
ISNAD Sarıalioğlu Hayali, Ayça. “THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES”. Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi 12/23 (November 2017), 197-218. https://doi.org/10.18220/kid.350580.
JAMA Sarıalioğlu Hayali A. THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES. KİD. 2017;12:197–218.
MLA Sarıalioğlu Hayali, Ayça. “THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES”. Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 23, 2017, pp. 197-18, doi:10.18220/kid.350580.
Vancouver Sarıalioğlu Hayali A. THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO CITIES, MANCHESTER AND TRABZON, IN TERMS OF THEIR GOLDEN AGES AND DOWNTURNS WITH THE FUTURE REGAINING POWER POLICIES. KİD. 2017;12(23):197-218.