ÇİN’DE DEMOGRAFİK DEĞİŞİM SÜRECİNİN SOSYAL GÜVENLİK SİSTEMİNE ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 22, 103 - 126, 29.05.2020

Aynur Yumurtacı

https://doi.org/10.20990/kilisiibfakademik.603229

Öz

Ekonomik
ve sosyal değişimleri etkileyen ve bu değişimlerden etkilenen demografik
hareketler, 21. yy’ın en önemli konularından birisidir. Demografik hareketlerin
demografik değişimi işaret ettiği küresel dünyada, demografik değişime bağlı
olarak dönüşüme ihtiyaç duyulan pek çok konu bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri de
sosyal güvenlik sistemleridir. Bu bağlamda asıl sorun, demografik değişimi kısa
sürede tamamlayacak olan ve sosyal güvenlik sistemlerini henüz tam anlamı ile
oturtamamış ülkelerin demografik değişim sürecinde sosyal güvenlik
sistemlerinde yaşayacakları sorunları nasıl çözümleyecekleridir. Bu durumu
yaşayan ülkelerin başında Çin gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Çin’deki hızlı
demografik değişime bağlı olarak sosyal güvenlik sisteminde yaşanan dönüşümleri
ve reform arayışlarını değerlendirmek amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca, çalışma
demografik değişim sürecini henüz tamamlamamış ancak nüfusu hızla yaşlanan
diğer ülkeler için de demografik değişim odaklı sosyal güvenlik uygulamalarının
bir an önce hayata geçirilmesinin bir gereklilik olduğunu, Çin örneği
bağlamında ortaya koyması bakımından önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çin, Demografik Değişim, Sosyal Güvenlik, Sosyal Sigorta

Kaynakça

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