Çalışma Yaşamında Manganez Maruz Kalımının Sağlık Etkileri ve Parkinsonizm

Abstract

Yaygın olarak kullanılan, bir ağır metal olan manganez (Mn), biyolojik fonksiyonları yürüten birçok enzimatik işlem için gerekli olan bir eser elementtir. Bununla birlikte, Mn’e aşırı maruz kalım, toksisiteye yol açmaktadır. Bu toksisitenin santral sinir sistemine etkileri özel önem taşımaktadır. Mn aşırı maruz kalımı tipik olarak parkinsonizm olarak ortaya çıkmakta ve daha yaygın görülen idiyopatik Parkinson hastalığından ayırt edilmesi zor olabilmektedir. Mesleki ve çevresel maruz kalıma ek olarak, sistemik hastalıklar, total parenteral beslenme ve bazı ilaçlar Mn toksisitesinin diğer potansiyel etiyolojileri arasında sayılabilir. Bu derlemede; Mn mesleki ve çevresel maruz kalımı, patofizyolojisi ve klinik özellikleri ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, Mn'in iş yerindeki etkisi ve bir toksisitenin nörodejeneratif bir hastalık olarak tanılanmaması için ayrıntılı bir mesleki ve çevresel öykünün gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır. Kapsamlı bir tedavinin yokluğunda, erken tanı ve önleyici tedbirlerin zamanında başlatılması, Mn toksik etkilerinin yönetilmesinin anahtarıdır.

Keywords

• İş sağlığı ve güvenliği
• manganez
• parkinsonizm
• toksikoloji

Health Effects of Manganese Exposure at Workplace and Parkinsonism

Abstract

Manganese (Mn), a heavy metal commonly used in industry, is a trace element required for many enzymatic processes that drive biological functions. However, excess exposure to Mn leads to toxicity. Its toxic effects on the central nervous system are important. The typical manifestation of Mn over exposure is parkinsonism, which may be challenging to differentiate it from more common idiopathic Parkinson's disease. In addition to occupational and environmental exposure to Mn, other potential etiologies causing Mn toxicity include systemic diseases, total parenteral nutrition and some drugs. In this review, we evaluated occupational and environmental exposure of Mn, its pathophysiology and clinical characteristics. We have highlighted the impact of Mn exposure at the workplace and emphasize the necessity of a detailed occupational and environmental history to ensure that a toxicity is not misdiagnosed as a neurodegenerative disease. In the absence of a comprehensive treatment, early diagnosis and timely initiation of preventive measures are the keys to managing Mn toxic effects.

Keywords

• Manganese
• Occupational Health and Safety
• Parkinsonism
• Toxicology

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