Kaderciliğe ilişkin yerleşik inançlar: Genel Kadercilik Ölçeğinin (GKAD) geliştirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 213 - 231, 25.08.2022

Canay Doğulu

https://doi.org/10.5455/kpd.26024438m000091

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Kaderciliğin sağlıkla ilgili çeşitli davranışların psikolojisi üzerindeki rolüne odaklanan araştırmalardaki artışa, kaderciliğin kavramsallaştırılmasına ve değerlendirilmesine yönelik çeşitli çabalar eşlik etmiştir. Konunun davranış değişikliği üzerindeki etkileri açısından sahip olduğu önem, kaderciliğin daha iyi kavramsallaştırılması ve ölçülmesi ihtiyacını ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada, ağırlıklı olarak Müslüman ve toplulukçu bir kültürde genel kaderciliğe (GKAD) yönelik inançları ölçmek için güvenilir ve geçerli bir öz bildirime dayalı Türkçe bir aracın geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, sosyal medya platformlarından kartopu örneklemesiyle ulaşılan 361 yetişkin katılımcının (Ort.yaş = 32.49, Syaş = 12.97) yer aldığı bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması yapılmıştır. 62 GKAD maddesiyle yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizleri, toplam varyansın %59.89’unu açıklayan 58 maddelik yedi boyutlu bir yapı ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen bu çoklu boyut yapısı kader, işlevsellik, çaresizlik, kontrol edilemezlik, biçilen değer, şans ve boyun eğme alt ölçekleriyle temsil edilmiştir. GKAD alt ölçeklerinin .74 ile .95 arasında değişen Cronbach alfa katsayıları ölçeğin iç tutarlığa sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Alt ölçeklerin dışsal kontrol yönelimi, adil dünya inancı ve dindarlık değişkenleri ile anlamlı ve beklenen yöndeki korelasyonları ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini destekler niteliktedir. Genel olarak, bulgular GKAD Ölçeğinin kadercilik inançlarındaki bireysel farklılıkları ölçmede güvenilir ve geçerli bir öz bildirim aracı olduğunu göstermiştir. Geliştirilen bu ölçek, kaderciliğin davranış değişikliğinin psikolojisi üzerindeki etkisini anlamayı amaçlayan ve bulguların sosyal ve pratik sorunlar bağlamında bireylerin ve toplulukların işleyişini iyileştirmek açısından doğurgulara sahip gelecek araştırmalarda kaderciliğin çok yönlü yapısını ölçmek için kullanılabilir.

Keywords

kadercilik, ölçek geliştirme, güvenirlik, geçerlik, psikoloji

Lay beliefs about fatalism: Development of a General Fatalism (GFAT) Scale

Abstract

The growing body of research on the role of fatalism on the psychology of various health-related behaviors has witnessed various conceptualization and assessment efforts. The importance of the topic for its implications for behavioral change necessitates the need for better conceptualization and measurement of fatalism. The present study aimed to develop a reliable and valid self-report measure in Turkish for assessing lay beliefs about general fatalism (GFAT) in a predominantly Muslim and collectivistic culture. To this end, a scale development study was conducted 361 adult participants (Mage = 32.49, SDage = 12.97) recruited via snowball sampling in social media platforms. The exploratory factor analyses conducted on the 62 GFAT items revealed a seven-factor structure with 58 items, explaining 59.89% of the total variance. The obtained multi-dimensional factor structure was represented with destiny, functionality, helplessness, uncontrollability, valuation, luck, and submission subscales. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the GFAT subscales ranged between .74 and .95, demonstrating the internal consistency of the scale. The meaningful and significant correlations of the subscales with external control orientation, just world belief, and religiosity measures evidenced the construct validity of the scale. Overall, findings demonstrate that the GFAT Scale is a reliable and valid self-report measure for assessing individual differences in lay beliefs about fatalism. The developed scale can be used to measure the multifaceted construct of fatalism in future studies aimed at understanding its influence on the psychology of behavioral change, with implications for increasing the functioning of individuals and communities with respect to social and practical problems.

Keywords

fatalism, scale development, reliability, validity, psychology

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