Research Article
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Investigation of the relationship between understanding of marital conflict and interpersonal problem-solving skills among preschool children

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 174 - 186, 25.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.57127/kpd.26024438.1224698

Abstract

One of the most important perspectives explaining the effect of marital conflict on children is the Cognitive-Contextual Theory. Within the framework of this theory, the aims of the present study were to examine preschool children's perceptions of marital conflict; to investigate the effect of children's perceptions of marital conflict on their problem-solving skills; and to find an answer to the question of whether the interaction effect of children's perceived conflict frequency and parental conflict resolution type will make a difference in interpersonal problem-solving skills. Participants were 106 kindergarten children aged 5-6 years and their mothers. “Perception of Marital Conflict Cards” and “Preschool Interpersonal Problem-Solving Test” were administered to children and “O’Leary Porter Marital Conflict Scale” was applied to mothers. To examine children's perception of marital conflict, the answers to the Perception of Marital Conflict Cards were analyzed by content analysis. The findings supported the Cognitive-Contextual Theory for the 5-6 aged. Regression analysis results showed that children's perceived frequency of conflict, feelings of sadness, and perceived type of parental conflict resolution significantly predicted interpersonal problem-solving skills. Two-way ANOVA was used to examine whether the interaction effect of children's perceived frequency and parental conflict resolution type differentiated interpersonal problem-solving skills. No significant difference was found in the interaction effect. However, the main effect of children’s understanding of parental conflict resolution type is found to make a significant difference in children’s problem-solving skills. The findings revealed that marital conflict is more than a problem within the family and its importance in children's peer relationships.

References

  • Ablow, J. C., Measelle, J. R., Cowan, P. A., & Cowan, C. P. (2009). Linking marital conflict and children’s adjustment: The role of young children’s perceptions. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(4), 485-499.
  • Anlıak, Ş. (2004). Farklı eğitim yaklaşımları uygulayan okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında kişiler arası bilişsel problem çözme becerisi programının etkisinin incelenmesi (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ege University, İzmir.
  • Anlıak, Ş., & Dinçer, Ç. (2005). Farklı eğitim yaklaşımları uygulayan okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden çocukların kişiler arası problem çözme becerilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 38(1), 149-166.
  • Bryant, B. K., & DeMorris, K. A. (1992). Beyond parent-child relationships: Potential links between family environments and peer relations. In R. D. Parke & G. W. Ladd (Eds.), Family–peer relationships: Modes of linkage (pp. 159-190). Erlbaum.
  • Chang, E. C., D'Zurilla, T. J., & Sanna, L. J. (Eds.). (2004). Social problem solving: Theory, research, and training. American Psychological Association.
  • Cheung, R. Y. (2021). Constructive interparental conflict and child adjustment in the Chinese context: A moderated mediation model of emotional security and disintegration avoidance. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 30(3), 733-745.
  • Crockenberg, S., & Langrock, A. (2001). The role of specific emotions in children's responses to interparental conflict: A test of the model. Journal of Family Psychology, 15(2), 163-182.
  • Cummings, E. M. (1987). Coping with background anger in early childhood. Child Development, 58(4), 976-984.
  • Cummings, E. M., Ballard, M., & El-Sheikh, M. (1991). Responses of children and adolescents to interadult anger as a function of gender, age, and mode of expression. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 37, 543-560.
  • Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2002). Effects of marital conflict on children: Recent advances and emerging themes in process-oriented research. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43(1), 31-63.
  • Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2014). Evlilik çatışmasının belirli yönlerinin çocuklar üzerindeki etkileri. In G. Şendil (Ed.)., & H. Sımsıkı (Trans.) Çocuklar ve evlilik çatışması aile tartışması ve çözümünün etkisi (pp. 62-86). Nobel. (Original work published 2011)
  • Cummings, E. M., Goeke-Morey, M. C., & Papp, L. M. (2004). Everyday marital conflict and child aggression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 32(2), 191-202.
  • Cummings, E. M., Simpson, K. S., & Wilson, A. (1993). Children's responses to interadult anger as a function of information about resolution. Developmental Psychology, 29(6), 978-985.
  • Cummings, E. M., Vogel, D., Cummings, J. S., & El-Sheikh, M. (1989). Children's responses to different forms of expression of anger between adults. Child Development, 1392-1404.
  • Davies, P. T., Cicchetti, D., & Martin, M. J. (2012). Toward greater specificity in identifying associations among interparental aggression, child emotional reactivity to conflict, and child problems. Child Development, 83(5), 1789-1804.
  • Davies, P. T., & Cummings, E. M (1994). Marital conflict and child adjustment: An emotional security hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 387-411.
  • Davies, P. T., Thompson, M. J., Hentges, R. F., Parry, L. Q., & Sturge‐Apple, M. L. (2021). Interparental conflict as a quadratic predictor of children’s reactivity to interparental conflict and school adjustment: Steeling effects or risk saturation? Child Development, 93(2), 594-611.
  • Dinçer, Ç. (1995). Anaokuluna devam eden 5 yaş grubu çocuklarına kisiler arası problem çözme becerilerinin kazandırılmasında eğitimin etkisinin incelenmesi (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • D'Zurilla, T. J., & Goldfried, M. R. (1971). Problem solving and behavior modification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 78(1), 107-126.
  • D’Zurilla, T. J., & Nezu, A. (1982). Social problem solving in adults. Advances in Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Therapy, 1, 201-274.
  • El-Sheikh, M., Cummings, E. M., & Reiter, S. (1996). Preschoolers' responses to ongoing interadult conflict: The role of prior exposure to resolved versus unresolved arguments. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24(5), 665-679.
  • El‐Sheikh, M., & Cummings, E. M. (1995). Children's responses to angry adult behavior as a function of experimentally manipulated exposure to resolved and unresolved conflict. Social Development, 4(1), 75-91.
  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal Of Health and Social Behavior, 21(3), 219-239.
  • Goodman, S. H., Barfoot, B., Frye, A. A., & Belli, A. M. (1999). Dimensions of marital conflict and children's social problem-solving skills. Journal of Family Psychology, 13(1), 33-45.
  • Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1996). Parental meta-emotion philosophy and the emotional life of families: Theoretical models and preliminary data. Journal Of Family Psychology, 10(3), 243-268.
  • Grych, J. H., & Fincham, F. D. (1990). Marital conflict and children’s adjustment: A cognitive-contextual framework. Psychological Bulletin, 108(2), 267-90.
  • Grych, J. H., & Fincham, F. D. (1993). Children's appraisals of marital conflict: Initial investigations of the cognitive‐contextual framework. Child Development, 64(1), 215-230.
  • Grych, J. H., & Fincham, F. D. (Ed.). (2001). Child development and interparental conflict. Cambridge University Press.
  • Grych, J. H., Fincham, F. D., Jouriles, E. N., & McDonald, R. (2000). Interparental conflict and child adjustment: Testing the mediational role of appraisals in the cognitive‐contextual framework. Child Development, 71(6), 1648-1661.
  • Grych, J. H., Harold, G. T., & Miles, C. J. (2003). A prospective investigation of appraisals as mediators of the link between interparental conflict and child adjustment. Child Development, 74(4), 1176-1193.
  • Grych, J. H., Seid, M., & Fincham, F. D. (1992). Assessing marital conflict from the child's perspective: The Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale. Child Development, 63(3), 558-572.
  • Harold, G. T., & Sellers, R. (2018). Annual research review: Interparental conflict and youth psychopathology: An evidence review and practice focused update. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59(4), 374-402.
  • Jenkins, J. M., & Buccioni, J. M. (2000). Children's understanding of marital conflict and the marital relationship. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 41(2), 161-168.
  • Keller, P. S., Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2005). The role of marital discord and parenting in relations between parental problem drinking and child adjustment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 46(9), 943-951.
  • Kızıldağ, Ö., & Şendil, G. (2006). Evlilik çatışması ve çocuk davranış problemleri arasındaki ilişkilerin bilişsel bağlamsal çerçeve açısından incelenmesi. Psikoloji Çalışmaları, 26, 1-20.
  • Kitzmann, K. M., & Cohen, R. (2003). Parents’ versus children’s perceptions of interparental conflict as predictors of children’s friendship quality. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 20(5), 689-700.
  • Lee, J. Y., Pace, G. T., Lee, S. J., & Altschul, I. (2021). The associations of constructive and destructive interparental conflict to child well-being among low-income families. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(15-16), 7523-7546.
  • Lindsey, E. W., Chambers, J. C., Frabutt, J. M., & Mackinnon‐Lewis, C. (2009). Marital conflict and adolescents' peer aggression: The mediating and moderating role of mother‐child emotional reciprocity. Family Relations, 58(5), 593-606.
  • Peksaygılı, M., & Güre, A. (2008). Eşler arasındaki çatışma ile erken ergenlik dönemindeki çocukların uyum davranışları: Algılanan çatışmanın aracı ve düzenleyici rolü. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 23(61), 43-62.
  • Porter, B., & O'Leary, K. D. (1980). O'Leary-Porter Scale. Journal of Pediatric Psychology.
  • Rhoades, K. A. (2008). Children’s responses to interparental conflict: A meta-analysis of their associations with child adjustment. Child Development, 79(6), 1942-1956.
  • Shure, M. B. (1992). I can problem solve: An interpersonal cognitive problem-solving program. Kindergarten and primary grades. Research Press, 2612 N.
  • Shure, M. B., & Spivack, G. (1980). Interpersonal problem solving as a mediator of behavioral adjustment in preschool and kindergarten children. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 1(1), 29-44.
  • Spjeldnes, S., Koeske, G., & Sales, E. (2010). Teacher support as a buffer between interparental conflict and child social skills. Early Child Development and Care, 180(3), 335-346.
  • Şendil, G. (1999). Çocukların anne babanın evlilik çatışmasını algılayışı (Unpublished doctoral dissertati- on). İstanbul University, İstanbul.
  • Şendil, G. (2014). Ebeveyn çatışmasının çocuklar üzerindeki etkileri (1st ed.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Şendil, T. G., & Kızıldağ, Ö. (2003). Çocuk ve ergenlerde ebeveyn evlilik çatışması algısı. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 10(2), 58-66.
  • Ulu, P. İ., & Fışıloğlu, H. (2004). Çocukların Evlilik Çatışmasını Algılaması Ölçeği'nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 7(14), 61-75.
  • Van Eldik, W. M., de Haan, A. D., Parry, L. Q., Davies, P. T., Luijk, M. P., Arends, L. R., & Prinzie, P. (2020). The interparental relationship: Meta-analytic associations with children’s maladjustment and responses to interparental conflict. Psychological Bulletin, 146(7), 553-594.
  • Warmuth, K. A., Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2020). Constructive and destructive interparental conflict, problematic parenting practices, and children’s symptoms of psychopathology. Journal of Family Psychology, 34(3), 301-311.
  • Xu, F., Chen, X., Xing, H., & Wang, H. (2023). Interparental conflict and Chinese children’s social development. Journal of Family Issues, 44(1), 165-186.
  • Zemp, M., Bodenmann, G., & Cummings, E. M. (2016). The significance of interparental conflict for children. European Psychologist, 21, 99-108.

Okul öncesi çocukların evlilik çatışması algısı ile kişilerarası problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 174 - 186, 25.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.57127/kpd.26024438.1224698

Abstract

Evlilik çatışmasının çocuklar üzerindeki etkisini birçok bakış açısı açıklamaya çalışır. Bunlardan en önemlisi Bilişsel-Bağlamsal Teoridir. Bu teori çerçevesinde, araştırmanın amaçları, okul öncesi çocukların evlilik çatışması algısını incelemek; çocukların evlilik çatışması algılarının kişilerarası problem çözme becerilerine etkisini araştırmak ve çocukların algıladığı çatışma sıklığı ile ebeveyn çatışma çözüm türünün ortak etkisinin kişilerarası problem çözme becerilerinde farklılık yaratıp yaratmayacağı sorusuna cevap bulmaktır. Katılımcılar okul öncesi kurumlara devam eden 5-6 yaş grubundaki 106 çocuk ve annelerinden oluşmaktadır. Çocuklara “Evlilik Çatışma Algısı Kartları” ve “Okul Öncesi Kişiler Arası Problem Çözme Testi”; annelere ise “O’Leary Porter Evlilik Çatışması Ölçeği” uygulanmıştır. Çocukların evlilik çatışma algısını incelemek için Evlilik Çatışma Algısı Kartlarıyla alınan cevaplar içerik analiziyle incelenmiş, elde edilen bulguların çocukların çatışma algılarının Bilişsel-Bağlamsal Teorinin 5-6 yaş grubu için açıkladığı teoriyi destekler yönde olduğu görülmüştür. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analiz sonuçlarına göre kişilerarası problem çözme becerilerini; çocukların algıladığı çatışma sıklığı, yaşadığı üzüntü duygusu ve algıladığı ebeveyn çatışma çözüm türünün anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı görülmüştür. İki yönlü ANOVA analiziyle çocukların algıladığı sıklık ve ebeveyn çatışma çözüm türü ortak etkisinin kişilerarası problem çözme becerilerini farklılaştırıp farklılaştırmadığı incelenmiştir. Ortak etki analizinde, anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Ancak çocukların ebeveyn çatışma çözüm türü ana etkisinin kişilerarası problem çözme becerilerini anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, evlilik çatışmasının evin içinde yaşanan bir sıkıntıdan daha fazlası olduğu ve çocukların akran ilişkilerindeki önemi bir kez daha ortaya koymuştur.

References

  • Ablow, J. C., Measelle, J. R., Cowan, P. A., & Cowan, C. P. (2009). Linking marital conflict and children’s adjustment: The role of young children’s perceptions. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(4), 485-499.
  • Anlıak, Ş. (2004). Farklı eğitim yaklaşımları uygulayan okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında kişiler arası bilişsel problem çözme becerisi programının etkisinin incelenmesi (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ege University, İzmir.
  • Anlıak, Ş., & Dinçer, Ç. (2005). Farklı eğitim yaklaşımları uygulayan okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden çocukların kişiler arası problem çözme becerilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 38(1), 149-166.
  • Bryant, B. K., & DeMorris, K. A. (1992). Beyond parent-child relationships: Potential links between family environments and peer relations. In R. D. Parke & G. W. Ladd (Eds.), Family–peer relationships: Modes of linkage (pp. 159-190). Erlbaum.
  • Chang, E. C., D'Zurilla, T. J., & Sanna, L. J. (Eds.). (2004). Social problem solving: Theory, research, and training. American Psychological Association.
  • Cheung, R. Y. (2021). Constructive interparental conflict and child adjustment in the Chinese context: A moderated mediation model of emotional security and disintegration avoidance. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 30(3), 733-745.
  • Crockenberg, S., & Langrock, A. (2001). The role of specific emotions in children's responses to interparental conflict: A test of the model. Journal of Family Psychology, 15(2), 163-182.
  • Cummings, E. M. (1987). Coping with background anger in early childhood. Child Development, 58(4), 976-984.
  • Cummings, E. M., Ballard, M., & El-Sheikh, M. (1991). Responses of children and adolescents to interadult anger as a function of gender, age, and mode of expression. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 37, 543-560.
  • Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2002). Effects of marital conflict on children: Recent advances and emerging themes in process-oriented research. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43(1), 31-63.
  • Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2014). Evlilik çatışmasının belirli yönlerinin çocuklar üzerindeki etkileri. In G. Şendil (Ed.)., & H. Sımsıkı (Trans.) Çocuklar ve evlilik çatışması aile tartışması ve çözümünün etkisi (pp. 62-86). Nobel. (Original work published 2011)
  • Cummings, E. M., Goeke-Morey, M. C., & Papp, L. M. (2004). Everyday marital conflict and child aggression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 32(2), 191-202.
  • Cummings, E. M., Simpson, K. S., & Wilson, A. (1993). Children's responses to interadult anger as a function of information about resolution. Developmental Psychology, 29(6), 978-985.
  • Cummings, E. M., Vogel, D., Cummings, J. S., & El-Sheikh, M. (1989). Children's responses to different forms of expression of anger between adults. Child Development, 1392-1404.
  • Davies, P. T., Cicchetti, D., & Martin, M. J. (2012). Toward greater specificity in identifying associations among interparental aggression, child emotional reactivity to conflict, and child problems. Child Development, 83(5), 1789-1804.
  • Davies, P. T., & Cummings, E. M (1994). Marital conflict and child adjustment: An emotional security hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 387-411.
  • Davies, P. T., Thompson, M. J., Hentges, R. F., Parry, L. Q., & Sturge‐Apple, M. L. (2021). Interparental conflict as a quadratic predictor of children’s reactivity to interparental conflict and school adjustment: Steeling effects or risk saturation? Child Development, 93(2), 594-611.
  • Dinçer, Ç. (1995). Anaokuluna devam eden 5 yaş grubu çocuklarına kisiler arası problem çözme becerilerinin kazandırılmasında eğitimin etkisinin incelenmesi (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • D'Zurilla, T. J., & Goldfried, M. R. (1971). Problem solving and behavior modification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 78(1), 107-126.
  • D’Zurilla, T. J., & Nezu, A. (1982). Social problem solving in adults. Advances in Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Therapy, 1, 201-274.
  • El-Sheikh, M., Cummings, E. M., & Reiter, S. (1996). Preschoolers' responses to ongoing interadult conflict: The role of prior exposure to resolved versus unresolved arguments. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24(5), 665-679.
  • El‐Sheikh, M., & Cummings, E. M. (1995). Children's responses to angry adult behavior as a function of experimentally manipulated exposure to resolved and unresolved conflict. Social Development, 4(1), 75-91.
  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal Of Health and Social Behavior, 21(3), 219-239.
  • Goodman, S. H., Barfoot, B., Frye, A. A., & Belli, A. M. (1999). Dimensions of marital conflict and children's social problem-solving skills. Journal of Family Psychology, 13(1), 33-45.
  • Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1996). Parental meta-emotion philosophy and the emotional life of families: Theoretical models and preliminary data. Journal Of Family Psychology, 10(3), 243-268.
  • Grych, J. H., & Fincham, F. D. (1990). Marital conflict and children’s adjustment: A cognitive-contextual framework. Psychological Bulletin, 108(2), 267-90.
  • Grych, J. H., & Fincham, F. D. (1993). Children's appraisals of marital conflict: Initial investigations of the cognitive‐contextual framework. Child Development, 64(1), 215-230.
  • Grych, J. H., & Fincham, F. D. (Ed.). (2001). Child development and interparental conflict. Cambridge University Press.
  • Grych, J. H., Fincham, F. D., Jouriles, E. N., & McDonald, R. (2000). Interparental conflict and child adjustment: Testing the mediational role of appraisals in the cognitive‐contextual framework. Child Development, 71(6), 1648-1661.
  • Grych, J. H., Harold, G. T., & Miles, C. J. (2003). A prospective investigation of appraisals as mediators of the link between interparental conflict and child adjustment. Child Development, 74(4), 1176-1193.
  • Grych, J. H., Seid, M., & Fincham, F. D. (1992). Assessing marital conflict from the child's perspective: The Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale. Child Development, 63(3), 558-572.
  • Harold, G. T., & Sellers, R. (2018). Annual research review: Interparental conflict and youth psychopathology: An evidence review and practice focused update. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59(4), 374-402.
  • Jenkins, J. M., & Buccioni, J. M. (2000). Children's understanding of marital conflict and the marital relationship. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 41(2), 161-168.
  • Keller, P. S., Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2005). The role of marital discord and parenting in relations between parental problem drinking and child adjustment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 46(9), 943-951.
  • Kızıldağ, Ö., & Şendil, G. (2006). Evlilik çatışması ve çocuk davranış problemleri arasındaki ilişkilerin bilişsel bağlamsal çerçeve açısından incelenmesi. Psikoloji Çalışmaları, 26, 1-20.
  • Kitzmann, K. M., & Cohen, R. (2003). Parents’ versus children’s perceptions of interparental conflict as predictors of children’s friendship quality. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 20(5), 689-700.
  • Lee, J. Y., Pace, G. T., Lee, S. J., & Altschul, I. (2021). The associations of constructive and destructive interparental conflict to child well-being among low-income families. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(15-16), 7523-7546.
  • Lindsey, E. W., Chambers, J. C., Frabutt, J. M., & Mackinnon‐Lewis, C. (2009). Marital conflict and adolescents' peer aggression: The mediating and moderating role of mother‐child emotional reciprocity. Family Relations, 58(5), 593-606.
  • Peksaygılı, M., & Güre, A. (2008). Eşler arasındaki çatışma ile erken ergenlik dönemindeki çocukların uyum davranışları: Algılanan çatışmanın aracı ve düzenleyici rolü. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 23(61), 43-62.
  • Porter, B., & O'Leary, K. D. (1980). O'Leary-Porter Scale. Journal of Pediatric Psychology.
  • Rhoades, K. A. (2008). Children’s responses to interparental conflict: A meta-analysis of their associations with child adjustment. Child Development, 79(6), 1942-1956.
  • Shure, M. B. (1992). I can problem solve: An interpersonal cognitive problem-solving program. Kindergarten and primary grades. Research Press, 2612 N.
  • Shure, M. B., & Spivack, G. (1980). Interpersonal problem solving as a mediator of behavioral adjustment in preschool and kindergarten children. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 1(1), 29-44.
  • Spjeldnes, S., Koeske, G., & Sales, E. (2010). Teacher support as a buffer between interparental conflict and child social skills. Early Child Development and Care, 180(3), 335-346.
  • Şendil, G. (1999). Çocukların anne babanın evlilik çatışmasını algılayışı (Unpublished doctoral dissertati- on). İstanbul University, İstanbul.
  • Şendil, G. (2014). Ebeveyn çatışmasının çocuklar üzerindeki etkileri (1st ed.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Şendil, T. G., & Kızıldağ, Ö. (2003). Çocuk ve ergenlerde ebeveyn evlilik çatışması algısı. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 10(2), 58-66.
  • Ulu, P. İ., & Fışıloğlu, H. (2004). Çocukların Evlilik Çatışmasını Algılaması Ölçeği'nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 7(14), 61-75.
  • Van Eldik, W. M., de Haan, A. D., Parry, L. Q., Davies, P. T., Luijk, M. P., Arends, L. R., & Prinzie, P. (2020). The interparental relationship: Meta-analytic associations with children’s maladjustment and responses to interparental conflict. Psychological Bulletin, 146(7), 553-594.
  • Warmuth, K. A., Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2020). Constructive and destructive interparental conflict, problematic parenting practices, and children’s symptoms of psychopathology. Journal of Family Psychology, 34(3), 301-311.
  • Xu, F., Chen, X., Xing, H., & Wang, H. (2023). Interparental conflict and Chinese children’s social development. Journal of Family Issues, 44(1), 165-186.
  • Zemp, M., Bodenmann, G., & Cummings, E. M. (2016). The significance of interparental conflict for children. European Psychologist, 21, 99-108.
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Developmental Psychology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sinem Hayali Emir 0000-0003-1403-3594

Telat Gül Şendil 0000-0002-7058-1862

Publication Date August 25, 2024
Submission Date December 26, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Hayali Emir, S., & Şendil, T. G. (2024). Investigation of the relationship between understanding of marital conflict and interpersonal problem-solving skills among preschool children. Journal of Clinical Psychology Research, 8(2), 174-186. https://doi.org/10.57127/kpd.26024438.1224698