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Türkiye’de Gıda Sektörünün Vasıfsızlaşması: İşgücü Açısından Zorluklar ve Etkileri

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 45, 863 - 878, 29.12.2023

Abstract

Türkiye’de gıda sektörü son yıllarda, otomasyon kullanımının artması ve standartlaştırılmış üretim süreçlerinin benimsenmesi de dahil olmak üzere önemli değişiklikler geçirmiştir. Söz konusu değişiklikler, gıda sektöründe çalışanların sahip olması gereken beceriler üzerinde derin bir etki yaratmış ve işgücünün vasıfsızlaşmasına yol açmıştır. Vasıfsızlaşma firmalar için kısa vadede faydalı olabilir, ancak endüstrinin uzun vadeli rekabet gücünü olumsuz yönde etkileyecek ve işçiler için fırsatları sınırlandıracaktır. Vasıfsızlaştırmanın olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak ve Türkiye’de gıda endüstrisinde daha vasıflı bir işgücünü teşvik etmek için potansiyel politika müdahalelerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışma özü itibariyle istihdam, ücretler ve işçi özerkliği üzerindeki etkileri de dahil olmak üzere Türkiye’de gıda endüstrisinde vasıfsızlaşmanın zorluklarını ve sonuçlarını incelemektedir. Buna göre vasıfsızlaşma pek çok alanda olduğu gibi gıda sektöründe çalışan işçilerin gelir, istihdam, işsizlik ve borçlanma gibi temel dinamiklerini etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, Bolu’da faaliyet gösteren zincir gıda firmalarından birinde yapılan alan çalışmasından elde edilen veriler uyarınca gıda endüstrisinde işgücünün vasıfsız hale gelmesinin zorlukları ve sonuçları tartışılacaktır.

References

  • Bağımsız Sosyal Bilimciler. (2011). Ücretli Emek ve Sermaye Derinleşen Küresel Kriz ve Türkiye'ye Yansımaları, İstanbul: Yordam Yayınları.
  • Bell, D. (1973). Post-Industrial Society, New York: Basic Books.
  • Bénabou, R., ve Tirole, J. (2003). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation. Review of Economic Studies. 70, (3), 489-520.
  • Bozkuş Kahyaoğlu, S. (eds). (2022). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Governance, Economics and Finance, Volume 2. Accounting, Finance, Sustainability, Governance & Fraud: Theory and Application, Singapore: Springer.
  • Braverman, H. (1998). Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century, NY: Monthly Review Press.
  • Bruger, F. ve Gehrke, C. (2018). Skilling and Deskilling Technological Change in Classical Economic Theory and Its Empirical Evidence. Working Paper Series 2017-02, Karl-Franzens University, 1-39.
  • Burawoy, M. (1979). Manufacturing Consent: Changes in the Labor Process Under Monopoly Capitalism, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Dolu, A. ve İkizler, H. (2022). Higher Education and Labor Market Transformation in the Era of Industry 4.0 in a Developing Country: The Case for Turkey. In: Bozkuş Kahyaoğlu, S. (eds) The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Governance, Economics and Finance, Volume 2. Accounting, Finance, Sustainability, Governance & Fraud: Theory and Application.
  • Friednman, Z. (2018). Fast Food Workers and the Fight Against Precarity. New Labor Forum, 27, (3), 43-49.
  • Gorz, A. (2007). İktisadi Aklın Eleştirisi, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları. Heasman, M. ve Morley, A. Earning a Crust? A review of labour trends in UK food manufacturing, 24 May 2017. Food Research Collaboration Policy Brief .
  • Kim, H.J. ve Fite, R. (2019). Changes in the US Food Manufacturing Workforce: Evidence From the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979. Food Policy, 83, 339-350.
  • Korczynski, M. (2005). The Uses of Labour: A Critical Assessment of The Work of Harry Braverman. Work, Employment and Society, 19i (4), 751-768.
  • Lee, S. ve Kim. S. H. (2018). Labor Productivity, Wage and Skill Premiums in the Food Manufacturing Sector. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 8, (1), 76-89.
  • Littler, C. R. (1982). The Development of the Deskilling Thesis. Sociology, 16, (4), 504-527.
  • Nakagawa, H. (2020), The Deskilling of Restaurant Workers in Japan: Technological Change and Division of Labor. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 37, (1), 149-172.
  • Ritzer, G. (1977). Working: Conflict and Change, UK: Prentice-Hall. Sümer, B. (2018). Impact of Industry 4.0 on Occupations and Employment in Turkey. European Scientific Journal, 14, (10), 1-19.
  • Thompson, P. ve McHugh, D. (2009. Work Organisations, London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Touriane, A. (2018). Modernliği Eleştirisi, İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • Wood, E.M. (2003). Sermaye İmparatorluğu. Praksis Dergisi, 3, (10), 239-254.

The Deskilling of the Turkish Food Industry: Challenges and Implications for the Labor Force

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 45, 863 - 878, 29.12.2023

Abstract

The food industry in Turkey has undergone significant changes in recent years, including the increased use of automation and the adoption of standardized production processes. These changes have had a profound impact on the skills required of those labour in the food industry and have led to the de-skilling of the labour force. De-skilling may be beneficial for firms in the short run, but will adversely affect the long-term competitiveness of the industry and limit opportunities for labour. Potential policy interventions are needed to mitigate the negative effects of de-skilling and to promote a more skilled labour force in the food industry in Turkey. In essence, this study examines the challenges and consequences of deskilling in the food industry in Turkey, including its effects on employment, wages and labour autonomy. This paper essentially examines the challenges and consequences of de-skilling in the food industry in Turkey, including its effects on employment, wages and labour autonomy. Accordingly, as in many other areas, de-skilling affects the basic dynamics of workers in the food industry, such as income, employment, unemployment and indebtedness. In this context, the challenges and consequences of the de-skilling of the labour force in the food industry will be discussed based on the data obtained from fieldwork in chain food firms operating in Bolu.

References

  • Bağımsız Sosyal Bilimciler. (2011). Ücretli Emek ve Sermaye Derinleşen Küresel Kriz ve Türkiye'ye Yansımaları, İstanbul: Yordam Yayınları.
  • Bell, D. (1973). Post-Industrial Society, New York: Basic Books.
  • Bénabou, R., ve Tirole, J. (2003). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation. Review of Economic Studies. 70, (3), 489-520.
  • Bozkuş Kahyaoğlu, S. (eds). (2022). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Governance, Economics and Finance, Volume 2. Accounting, Finance, Sustainability, Governance & Fraud: Theory and Application, Singapore: Springer.
  • Braverman, H. (1998). Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century, NY: Monthly Review Press.
  • Bruger, F. ve Gehrke, C. (2018). Skilling and Deskilling Technological Change in Classical Economic Theory and Its Empirical Evidence. Working Paper Series 2017-02, Karl-Franzens University, 1-39.
  • Burawoy, M. (1979). Manufacturing Consent: Changes in the Labor Process Under Monopoly Capitalism, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Dolu, A. ve İkizler, H. (2022). Higher Education and Labor Market Transformation in the Era of Industry 4.0 in a Developing Country: The Case for Turkey. In: Bozkuş Kahyaoğlu, S. (eds) The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Governance, Economics and Finance, Volume 2. Accounting, Finance, Sustainability, Governance & Fraud: Theory and Application.
  • Friednman, Z. (2018). Fast Food Workers and the Fight Against Precarity. New Labor Forum, 27, (3), 43-49.
  • Gorz, A. (2007). İktisadi Aklın Eleştirisi, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları. Heasman, M. ve Morley, A. Earning a Crust? A review of labour trends in UK food manufacturing, 24 May 2017. Food Research Collaboration Policy Brief .
  • Kim, H.J. ve Fite, R. (2019). Changes in the US Food Manufacturing Workforce: Evidence From the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979. Food Policy, 83, 339-350.
  • Korczynski, M. (2005). The Uses of Labour: A Critical Assessment of The Work of Harry Braverman. Work, Employment and Society, 19i (4), 751-768.
  • Lee, S. ve Kim. S. H. (2018). Labor Productivity, Wage and Skill Premiums in the Food Manufacturing Sector. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 8, (1), 76-89.
  • Littler, C. R. (1982). The Development of the Deskilling Thesis. Sociology, 16, (4), 504-527.
  • Nakagawa, H. (2020), The Deskilling of Restaurant Workers in Japan: Technological Change and Division of Labor. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 37, (1), 149-172.
  • Ritzer, G. (1977). Working: Conflict and Change, UK: Prentice-Hall. Sümer, B. (2018). Impact of Industry 4.0 on Occupations and Employment in Turkey. European Scientific Journal, 14, (10), 1-19.
  • Thompson, P. ve McHugh, D. (2009. Work Organisations, London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Touriane, A. (2018). Modernliği Eleştirisi, İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • Wood, E.M. (2003). Sermaye İmparatorluğu. Praksis Dergisi, 3, (10), 239-254.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Labor Economics and Industrial Relations
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Serter Oran 0000-0001-5845-7562

Mehmet Atilla Güler

Early Pub Date December 29, 2023
Publication Date December 29, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 25 Issue: 45

Cite

APA Oran, S., & Güler, M. A. (2023). Türkiye’de Gıda Sektörünün Vasıfsızlaşması: İşgücü Açısından Zorluklar ve Etkileri. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal Ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 25(45), 863-878.

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