KONYA İLİNDE ÇOCUK YAŞ GRUPLARINDA HEPATİT A SEROPOZİTİVİTESİ

Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 4, 441 - 446, 17.10.2022

Nadire Seval Gündem , Feyza Çetin Erkan Ataş

https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.959633

Abstract

AMAÇ: Hepatit A virüs (HAV) enfeksiyonu özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde olmak üzere tüm dünyada yaygındır. Görülme sıklığı toplumların hijyen ve sanitasyon koşullarına göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada Konya ilindeki çocuk hastalarda HAV seropozitivitesinin belirlenmesi, yaş gruplarına, cinsiyete ve mevsimlere göre dağılımının araştırılması ve elde edilen verilerin önceki çalışmalarda bildirilenlerle karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu çalışmada Ocak 2019-Nisan 2020 tarihleri arasında hastanemize çeşitli şikayetlerle başvuran ve anti-HAV immünoglobulin G (IgG)/immünoglobulin M (IgM) tetkikleri istenen toplam 760 çocuk hastaya ait kayıtlar retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Serum örneklerinde anti-HAV IgG/IgM varlığı kemilüminesan mikropartikül enzim immunassay yöntemiyle araştırılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler ki-kare Monte Carlo exact test yöntemiyle yapılmıştır.
BULGULAR: Tüm hastalarda anti-HAV IgG seropozitifliği %52,2 oranında bulunurken, anti-HAV IgM pozitifliği %0,5 idi. Anti-HAV IgG/IgM seropozitiflik oranı ise %5,3 olarak saptanmıştır. Anti-HAV IgG/IgM seropozitiflik oranının 9-14 (%32,5) ve 15-18 (%15) yaş gruplarında 3-8 (%52,5) yaş grubuna göre anlamlı olarak azaldığı gözlenmiştir (p<0.05). Erkeklerde anti-HAV IgG (64,8%) seropozitiflik oranı kızlara göre anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p<0.05). Anti-HAV IgG/IgM seropozitiflik oranı (%42,5) kışın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış göstermiştir (p<0.05).
SONUÇ: HAV aşısı ülkemizde 2012 yılında rutin aşı takvimine girmiştir. Anti-HAV IgG seropozitifliğinin iki yaş altı olgularda anneden geçen antikorlarla ilişkili olabileceği, 3-8 yaş grubunda diğer yaş gruplarına göre yüksek bulunmasının ise rutin aşılama programının sonucu olduğu düşünülmüştür. Anti-HAV IgG/IgM’in birlikte pozitifliğinin kış aylarında anlamlı olması bu mevsimde artan yağışlarla birlikte kanalizasyon ve altyapı sistemlerinin yetersiz kalmasıyla açıklanabilir. HAV enfeksiyonunun sıklığı, aşı uygulamasının sıkı takibi, toplumda hijyen ve sanitasyon koşullarına dikkat edilmesiyle azaltılabilir.

Keywords

Hepatit A, anti-HAV IgG, anti-HAV IgM, Seropozitivite

Supporting Institution

YOK

Project Number

YOK

Thanks

YOK

SEROPOSITIVITY OF HEPATITIS A IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUPS IN KONYA

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is common especially in developing countries worldwide. Prevalence of HAV varies according to public hygiene and sanitation conditions. In this study, it was aimed to determine seropositivity of HAV in pediatric patients in Konya province, investigate its distribution according to age groups, gender and seasons and compare findings with those reported in previous studies.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, records of 760 pediatric patients admitted to our hospital with various complaints and tested for anti-HAV immunoglobulin G(IgG)/ immunoglobulin M(IgM) between January 2019-April 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Anti-HAV IgG/IgM in serum samples were analyzed by chemiluminescent microparticle enzyme immunassay method. Statistical analysis was performed by using chi-square Monte Carlo exact test.
RESULTS: Anti-HAV IgG seropositivity was found to be 52.2% while anti-HAV IgM positivity was 0.5% for all patients. Seropositivity rate of anti-HAV IgG/IgM was detected as 5.3%. It was observed that anti-HAV IgG/IgM seropositivity rate significantly decreased in age groups of 9-14 (32.5%) and 15-18 (15%) compared to 3-8 (52.5%) age group (p<0.05). Males had significantly higher seropositivity rates of anti-HAV IgG (64.8%) compared with females (p<0.05). Seropositivity rate of anti-HAV IgG/IgM (42.5%) demonstrated a statistically significant increase in winter (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: HAV vaccine has been included into routine vaccination program in our country, in 2012. It was thought that anti-HAV IgG seropositivity might be related to maternal antibodies in patients under two years of age and its higher rate in 3-8 age group compared to other age groups has been the result of routine vaccination. Seropositivity rate of anti-HAV IgG/IgM together significantly increased in winter. This can be explained by insufficiency of sewerage and infrastructure systems with increasing rainfall in this season. Frequency of HAV infection can be reduced by strict follow-up of vaccine administration and attention to hygiene and sanitation conditions.

Keywords

Hepatitis A, anti-HAV IgG, anti-HAV IgM, Seropositivity

Project Number

YOK

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