PREVALENCE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND MAIN RISK FACTORS IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA PATIENTS

Year 2025, Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 300 - 306, 13.10.2025

İlker Yılmam , Celal Karlıkaya

https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.1562308

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by obstructive apnea and hypopnea, with most patients complaining of excessive daytime sleepiness. Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for OSA. OSA is known to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The primary aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of T2DM in patients with OSA.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our study is a retrospective, analytical study conducted at the Trakya University Hospital. Adult patients diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography between October 2019 and March 2023 were included in the study. Demographic data, Type 2 DM diagnoses and risk factors of the patients were screened from hospital data.
RESULTS: Of the total 244 patients diagnosed with OSA included in the study, 191 (78.3%) were male and 53 (21.7%) were female. The prevalence of T2DM was 31.6% in the patients. The rate of type 2 DM was 27.2% in male OSA patients and 47.2% in female OSA patients. When OSA cases were analyzed according to disease severity based on AHI value, no significant relationship was found between diabetes and disease severity. We found that the prevalence of T2DM was significantly higher in female OSA patients, which was directly associated with body weight and body mass index (BMI).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of T2DM is high in patients with OSA and this prevalence is more pronounced in females. Evaluation of patients with T2DM and OSA in terms of comorbidities may contribute to early diagnosis and treatment of both diseases.

Keywords

Obstructive sleep apnea , Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus , Obesity.

OBSTRUKTİF UYKU APNESİ HASTALARINDA TİP 2 DİYABETES MELLİTUS PREVALANSI VE BAŞLICA RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ

Abstract

AMAÇ: Obstrüktif uyku apnesi (OUA), obstrüktif tipte apne ve hipopne ile karakterize bir hastalıktır ve çoğu hasta gündüz aşırı uyku halinden şikayetçidir. Aşırı kilo ve obezite OUA için başlıca risk faktörlerdir. OUA'nın tip 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ile ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın birincil amacı OUA'lı hastalarda T2DM prevalansını belirlemektir.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamız, Trakya Üniversitesi Hastanesi'nde gerçekleştirilen retrospektif, analitik bir çalışmadır. Ekim 2019 ve Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında polisomnografi ile OUA tanısı konulan yetişkin hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastane verilerinden hastaların demografik verileri, Tip 2 DM tanıları ve risk faktörleri tarandı.
BULGULAR: Çalışmaya dahil edilen toplam 244 OUA tanılı hastanın 191'i (%78,3) erkek ve 53'ü (%21,7) kadındı. Hastalarda T2DM prevalansı %31,6 bulundu. Tip 2 DM oranı erkek OUA hastalarında %27,2 kadın OUA hastalarında %47,2 idi. OUA olguları AHİ değeri baz alınarak hastalık şiddetine göre analiz edildiğinde, diyabet ile hastalık şiddeti arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı. T2DM prevalansının kadın OUA hastalarında anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğunu ve bunun da vücut ağırlığı ve vücut kitle indeksi (BMI) ile doğrudan ilişkili olduğunu bulduk.
SONUÇ: OUA hastalarında T2DM prevalansı yüksektir ve bu yükseklik kadın cinsiyette daha belirgindir. T2DM'li ve OUA’li hastaların komorbiditeleri açısından değerlendirilmesi, her iki hastalığın da erken tanı ve tedavisine katkı sağlayabilir.

Keywords

Obstruktif uyku apnesi , Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus , Obezite

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın hazırlık, veri toplama, analiz ve bilgilerin sunumu olmak üzere tüm aşamalarından bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, çalışmanın Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)' in tüm şartlarını ve koşullarını kabul ederek etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim.

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