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DEVELOPMENT OF A WEBGIS BASED AIR QUALITY GEOPORTAL FOR MONITORING AND MANAGING AIR QUALITY IN ISTANBUL

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 354 - 368, 03.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.640691

Abstract

This study describes the development of an Air Quality GeoPortal (AQG) via a Web-based
Geographic Information System (WebGIS) in Istanbul in Turkey. The system has been developed for online
use to present the concentrations of PM10, SO2, NOX, NO, NO2 CO, as well as meteorological data
(temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction) based on hourly data from each air quality monitoring
station. A prototype system is providing the viewing, querying and downloading of up-to-date air quality
maps on web pages via a Web Based GIS system based on Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) web
services. Furthermore, the integration of a Web Map Service-Time (WMS-T) with air quality data allows
users to access previous data and related maps by specifying a time value on a web page. Thus, it is
possible to download air quality parameters in desktop GIS systems and web pages in map format for a
desired time interval. The system architecture is based on open source software integration including
GeoServer and OpenLayers functions, MySQL database for data management, with HTML, JavaScript and
PHP as programming languages in both the server and client scripting. Furthermore, the user interfaces
are programmed to provide user-data interaction via web. The application includes the facility to
download air quality data on an hourly basis raster (Tiff, Bmp, and Jpeg) and vector (ShapeFile, GML, Json
and CSV) format.

References

  • Abdelnur, & A., Hepper, S. 2003. Java Portlet Specification, Version 1.0, Status: FCS Specification, Specification Lead: Sun Microsystems, Inc., Release: August 29.
  • Airnow, 2015. Airnow AQI Forecast web site, available at “http://www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.local_state&stateid=16&mapcenter=0&tabs =0#tabs-0”, (23.02.2015).
  • AQI, 2015. Real Time Air Quality Index web site available at “http://aqicn.org/map/turkey/#@g/37.6468/38.63/6z”, (23.02.2015).
  • BEA, 2008. BEA WebLogic Portal, Portal Development Guide, BEA Systems, Inc. Bealey, W.J., McDonald, E., Nemitz, R., Donovan. R., Dragosits, U., Duffy, T.R., Fowler, D., 2007.
  • Estimating the reduction of urban PM10 concentrations by trees within an environmental information system for planners. Journal of Environmental Management 85, 44–58.
  • Beaujardiere, J., OpenGIS® Web Map Server Implementation Specification, Version 1.3.0, Open Geospatial Consortium Inc. 2006-03-15.
  • Bellander, T., Berglind, N., Gustavsson, P., Jonson, T., Nyberg, F., Pershagen, G., Jarup, L., 2001. Using geographic information systems to assess individual historical exposure to air pollution from traffic and house heating in Stockholm. Environmental Health Perspectives 109, 633-639.
  • Biterna, M., Voutsa, D., 2005. Polychlorinated biphenyls in ambient air of NW Greece and in particulate emissions. Environ. Int. 31, 671-677.
  • British Columbia, 2014. http://www.bcairquality.ca/assessment/air-modelling.html (April 21, 2014).
  • Brunekreef, B., Holgate, S.T., 2002. Air pollution and health. Lancet 360, 1233-1242. DANE, 2006. Series de Población 1985-2020. Available at: www.dane.gov.co (April 25, 2012).
  • Cinderby, S., Forrester, J., 2005. Facilitating the local governance of air pollution using GIS for participation. Applied Geography 25, 143–158.
  • Cooper, D.A., Peterson, K., Simpson, D., 1996. Hydrocarbon, PAH and PCB emissions from ferries: a case study in the SkagerakeKattegatteÖresund region. Atmospheric Environment. 30, 2463-2473.
  • Cyrys, J., Hochadel, M., Gehring, U., Hoek, G., Diegmann, V., Brunekreef, B., Heinrich, J., 2005. GIS-based estimation of exposure to particulate matter and NO2 in an urban area: stochastic versus dispersion modeling. Environmental Health Perspectives 113, 987-992.
  • Dalvi, M., Beig, G., Patil, U., Kaginalkar, A., Sharma, C., Mitra, A.P., 2006. A GIS based methodology for gridding of large-scale emission inventories: Application to carbon-monoxide emissions over Indian region. Atmospheric Environment 40, 2995–3007.
  • Douglas, W., Pope, C.A., Xu, X., Spengler, D.J., Ware, J.H., Fay, M.E., Ferris, B.G., Speizer, E.F., 1993. An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities. The New England Journal of Medicine. 329, 1753-1759.
  • Elangasinghe, M.A., Dirks, K.N., Singhal, N., Costello, S.B., Longley, I., Salmond, J.A., 2014. A simple semiempirical technique for apportioning the impact of roadways on air quality in an urban neighbourhood. Atmospheric Environment 83, 99-108.
  • Elbir, T., 2004. A GIS based decision support system for estimation, visualization and analysis of air pollution for large Turkish cities. Atmospheric Environment 38, 4509-4517.
  • Elbir, T., Mangir, N., Kara, M., Simsir, S., Eren, T., Ozdemir, S, 2010. Development of a GIS-based decision support system for urban air quality management in the city of Istanbul. Atmospheric Environment 44, 441-454.
  • ESRI, 2013. GIS Portal Technology, ESRI White Paper, http://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/geospatial-portal-technology.pdf, (10.05.2013).
  • Fann, N., LAmson, A.D., Anenberg, S.C., Wesson, K., Risley, D., Hubbell, B.J., 2011. Estimating the National Public Health Burden Associated with Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 and Ozone. Risk Analysis. 32, 81-95.
  • Guéguen, F., Stille, P., Millet, M., 2011. Air quality assessment by tree bark biomonitoring in urban, industrial and rural environments of the Rhine Valley: PCDD/Fs, PCBs and trace metal evidence. Chemosphere 85, 195-202.
  • Gkatzoflias.D., Mellios.G., Samaras.Z., 2013. Development of a web GIS application for emissions inventory spatial allocation based on open source software tools. Computers & Geosciences, 52, 21-33.
  • Jensen, S.S., Berkowicz, R., Hansen, H.S., Hertel, O., 2001. A Danish decision-support GIS tool for management of urban air quality and human exposures. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 6, 229-241.
  • Kassomenos, P., Papaloukas, C., Petrakis, M., Karakitsios, S., 2008. Assessment and prediction of short term hospital admissions: the case of Athens, Greece. Atmospheric Environment 42, 7078-7086.
  • Kulawiak.M., A.Prospathopoulos.A., Perivoliotis.L., Luba.M., Kioroglou.S., Stepnowski.A., 2010.
  • Interactive visualization of marine pollution monitoring and forecasting data via a Web-based GIS. Computers & Geosciences 36, 1069-1080.
  • Lim, L.L., Hughes, S.J., Hellawell, E.E., 2005. Integrated decision support system for urban air quality assessment. Environmental Modelling & Software 20, 947-954.
  • Lin, M.D., Lin, Y.C., 2002. The application of GIS to air quality analysis in Taichung city, Taiwan, ROC. Environmental Modelling and Software 17, 11-19.
  • Lippmann, M., 2003. Air pollution and health e studies in the Americas and Europe. In: McGranahan, G., Murray, F. (Eds.), Air Pollution and Health in Rapidly Developing Countries. Stockholm Environment Institute, pp. 35-48.
  • Liu, S., Tao, S., Liu, W.X., Dou, H., Liu, Y.N., Zhao, J.Y., Little, M.G., Tian, Z., Wang, J., Wang, L., Gao, Y., 2008. Seasonal and spatial occurrence and distribution of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rural and urban areas of the North Chinese Plain. Environ. Pollut. 156, 651-656.
  • Ma,W.L., Qi, H., Li, Y.F., Liu, L.Y., Sun, D.Z.,Wang, D.G., Zhang, Z., Tian, C.G., Shen, J.M., 2011. Seasonal and spatial variations of air concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Northeastern Chinese urban region. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 86, 43-49.
  • OGC, 2004. Geospatial Portal Reference Architecture, A Community Guide to Implementing Standards- Based Geospatial Portals, Version: 0.2, OGC 04-039, OGC Discussion Paper.
  • Puliafito, E., Guevara, M., Puliafito, C., 2003. Characterization of urban air quality using GIS as a management system. Environmental Pollution 122, 105-117.
  • TEMIS, 2015. Tropospheric Emission Monitoring
  • Internet Service web site, available at “http://www.temis.nl/protocols/O3global.html”, (23.02.2015).
  • Triantafyllou, A.G. Evagelopoulos, V., Zoras, S., 2006. Design of a web based information system for ambient environmental data. Journal of Environmental Management 80, 230–236.
  • United Nations Environment Programme, (2015). UNEP web site available at “http://www.unep.org/urban_environment/issues/urban_air.asp”, (23.02.2015).
  • Vienneau, D., Hoogh, K., Briggs, D., 2009. A GIS-based method for modelling air pollution exposures across Europe. Science of the Total Environment 408, 255–266.
  • Westerlund, J., Urbain, J.P., Bonilla, J., 2014. Application of air quality combination forecasting to Bogota. Atmospheric Environment 89, 22-28.
  • Zhou, N., Cui, Z., Yang,S., Han, X., Chen,G., Zhou, Z., Zhai,C., Ma, M., Li,L., Cai,M., Li,Y., Ao,L., Shu,W., Liu,J., Cao, J., 2014. Air pollution and decreased semen quality: A comparative study of Chongqing urban and rural areas. Environmental Pollution 187, 145-152.

İstanbul İlinde Hava Kalitesi İzleme ve Yönetimi için WebGIS Tabanlı Hava Kalite GeoPortalı Tasarımı

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 354 - 368, 03.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.640691

Abstract

Bu çalışmada İstanbul ili için WebCBS tabanlı Hava Kalite Geoportalı (HKG) tasarımını içermektedir.
Sistem, havada bulunan PM10, SO2, NOX, NO, NO2 CO konsantrasyonlarını ve bununla birlikte
meteorolojik parametrelerin de (sıcaklık, nem, rüzgâr hızı ve rüzgar yönü) ölçüm istasyonları bazında
saatlik olarak online şekilde görülebilmesini sağlamaktadır. HKG sistemi Open Geospatial Consortium
(OGC) web servislerini kullanarak hava kalite haritalarının sunumunu, indirilmesini ve sorgulanmasını
sağlayacak şekilde geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca WMS-T web servis standardının da sisteme entegre edilmesi ile
birlikte belirli bir zamana ait haritalara ulaşma ve sorgulama mümkün olabilecektir. Böylelikle istenilen
zamana ait hava kalitesi verileri masaüstü CBS yazılımlarında kullanılabilecek yada web sayfasında
görüntülenebilecektir. HKG sistemi openlayers ve Geoserver entegrasyonu ile oluşturtulmuş olup MySQL
veritabanı yönetim sistemi ve hem sunucu hem de istemci taraflı kodların yazılması için HTML, PHP ve
JavaScript kodlarını içermektedir. GeoPortal ara yüzü kullanıcı odaklı olarak ve verilerle etkileşim
içerisinde bulunulabilecek şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Uygulama aynı zamanda saatlik hava kalitesi verisini
raster (Tiff, Bmp, and Jpeg) ve vektör (ShapeFile, GML, Json and CSV) formatta indirmeye olanak verecek
şekilde tasarlanmıştır.

References

  • Abdelnur, & A., Hepper, S. 2003. Java Portlet Specification, Version 1.0, Status: FCS Specification, Specification Lead: Sun Microsystems, Inc., Release: August 29.
  • Airnow, 2015. Airnow AQI Forecast web site, available at “http://www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.local_state&stateid=16&mapcenter=0&tabs =0#tabs-0”, (23.02.2015).
  • AQI, 2015. Real Time Air Quality Index web site available at “http://aqicn.org/map/turkey/#@g/37.6468/38.63/6z”, (23.02.2015).
  • BEA, 2008. BEA WebLogic Portal, Portal Development Guide, BEA Systems, Inc. Bealey, W.J., McDonald, E., Nemitz, R., Donovan. R., Dragosits, U., Duffy, T.R., Fowler, D., 2007.
  • Estimating the reduction of urban PM10 concentrations by trees within an environmental information system for planners. Journal of Environmental Management 85, 44–58.
  • Beaujardiere, J., OpenGIS® Web Map Server Implementation Specification, Version 1.3.0, Open Geospatial Consortium Inc. 2006-03-15.
  • Bellander, T., Berglind, N., Gustavsson, P., Jonson, T., Nyberg, F., Pershagen, G., Jarup, L., 2001. Using geographic information systems to assess individual historical exposure to air pollution from traffic and house heating in Stockholm. Environmental Health Perspectives 109, 633-639.
  • Biterna, M., Voutsa, D., 2005. Polychlorinated biphenyls in ambient air of NW Greece and in particulate emissions. Environ. Int. 31, 671-677.
  • British Columbia, 2014. http://www.bcairquality.ca/assessment/air-modelling.html (April 21, 2014).
  • Brunekreef, B., Holgate, S.T., 2002. Air pollution and health. Lancet 360, 1233-1242. DANE, 2006. Series de Población 1985-2020. Available at: www.dane.gov.co (April 25, 2012).
  • Cinderby, S., Forrester, J., 2005. Facilitating the local governance of air pollution using GIS for participation. Applied Geography 25, 143–158.
  • Cooper, D.A., Peterson, K., Simpson, D., 1996. Hydrocarbon, PAH and PCB emissions from ferries: a case study in the SkagerakeKattegatteÖresund region. Atmospheric Environment. 30, 2463-2473.
  • Cyrys, J., Hochadel, M., Gehring, U., Hoek, G., Diegmann, V., Brunekreef, B., Heinrich, J., 2005. GIS-based estimation of exposure to particulate matter and NO2 in an urban area: stochastic versus dispersion modeling. Environmental Health Perspectives 113, 987-992.
  • Dalvi, M., Beig, G., Patil, U., Kaginalkar, A., Sharma, C., Mitra, A.P., 2006. A GIS based methodology for gridding of large-scale emission inventories: Application to carbon-monoxide emissions over Indian region. Atmospheric Environment 40, 2995–3007.
  • Douglas, W., Pope, C.A., Xu, X., Spengler, D.J., Ware, J.H., Fay, M.E., Ferris, B.G., Speizer, E.F., 1993. An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities. The New England Journal of Medicine. 329, 1753-1759.
  • Elangasinghe, M.A., Dirks, K.N., Singhal, N., Costello, S.B., Longley, I., Salmond, J.A., 2014. A simple semiempirical technique for apportioning the impact of roadways on air quality in an urban neighbourhood. Atmospheric Environment 83, 99-108.
  • Elbir, T., 2004. A GIS based decision support system for estimation, visualization and analysis of air pollution for large Turkish cities. Atmospheric Environment 38, 4509-4517.
  • Elbir, T., Mangir, N., Kara, M., Simsir, S., Eren, T., Ozdemir, S, 2010. Development of a GIS-based decision support system for urban air quality management in the city of Istanbul. Atmospheric Environment 44, 441-454.
  • ESRI, 2013. GIS Portal Technology, ESRI White Paper, http://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/geospatial-portal-technology.pdf, (10.05.2013).
  • Fann, N., LAmson, A.D., Anenberg, S.C., Wesson, K., Risley, D., Hubbell, B.J., 2011. Estimating the National Public Health Burden Associated with Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 and Ozone. Risk Analysis. 32, 81-95.
  • Guéguen, F., Stille, P., Millet, M., 2011. Air quality assessment by tree bark biomonitoring in urban, industrial and rural environments of the Rhine Valley: PCDD/Fs, PCBs and trace metal evidence. Chemosphere 85, 195-202.
  • Gkatzoflias.D., Mellios.G., Samaras.Z., 2013. Development of a web GIS application for emissions inventory spatial allocation based on open source software tools. Computers & Geosciences, 52, 21-33.
  • Jensen, S.S., Berkowicz, R., Hansen, H.S., Hertel, O., 2001. A Danish decision-support GIS tool for management of urban air quality and human exposures. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 6, 229-241.
  • Kassomenos, P., Papaloukas, C., Petrakis, M., Karakitsios, S., 2008. Assessment and prediction of short term hospital admissions: the case of Athens, Greece. Atmospheric Environment 42, 7078-7086.
  • Kulawiak.M., A.Prospathopoulos.A., Perivoliotis.L., Luba.M., Kioroglou.S., Stepnowski.A., 2010.
  • Interactive visualization of marine pollution monitoring and forecasting data via a Web-based GIS. Computers & Geosciences 36, 1069-1080.
  • Lim, L.L., Hughes, S.J., Hellawell, E.E., 2005. Integrated decision support system for urban air quality assessment. Environmental Modelling & Software 20, 947-954.
  • Lin, M.D., Lin, Y.C., 2002. The application of GIS to air quality analysis in Taichung city, Taiwan, ROC. Environmental Modelling and Software 17, 11-19.
  • Lippmann, M., 2003. Air pollution and health e studies in the Americas and Europe. In: McGranahan, G., Murray, F. (Eds.), Air Pollution and Health in Rapidly Developing Countries. Stockholm Environment Institute, pp. 35-48.
  • Liu, S., Tao, S., Liu, W.X., Dou, H., Liu, Y.N., Zhao, J.Y., Little, M.G., Tian, Z., Wang, J., Wang, L., Gao, Y., 2008. Seasonal and spatial occurrence and distribution of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rural and urban areas of the North Chinese Plain. Environ. Pollut. 156, 651-656.
  • Ma,W.L., Qi, H., Li, Y.F., Liu, L.Y., Sun, D.Z.,Wang, D.G., Zhang, Z., Tian, C.G., Shen, J.M., 2011. Seasonal and spatial variations of air concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Northeastern Chinese urban region. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 86, 43-49.
  • OGC, 2004. Geospatial Portal Reference Architecture, A Community Guide to Implementing Standards- Based Geospatial Portals, Version: 0.2, OGC 04-039, OGC Discussion Paper.
  • Puliafito, E., Guevara, M., Puliafito, C., 2003. Characterization of urban air quality using GIS as a management system. Environmental Pollution 122, 105-117.
  • TEMIS, 2015. Tropospheric Emission Monitoring
  • Internet Service web site, available at “http://www.temis.nl/protocols/O3global.html”, (23.02.2015).
  • Triantafyllou, A.G. Evagelopoulos, V., Zoras, S., 2006. Design of a web based information system for ambient environmental data. Journal of Environmental Management 80, 230–236.
  • United Nations Environment Programme, (2015). UNEP web site available at “http://www.unep.org/urban_environment/issues/urban_air.asp”, (23.02.2015).
  • Vienneau, D., Hoogh, K., Briggs, D., 2009. A GIS-based method for modelling air pollution exposures across Europe. Science of the Total Environment 408, 255–266.
  • Westerlund, J., Urbain, J.P., Bonilla, J., 2014. Application of air quality combination forecasting to Bogota. Atmospheric Environment 89, 22-28.
  • Zhou, N., Cui, Z., Yang,S., Han, X., Chen,G., Zhou, Z., Zhai,C., Ma, M., Li,L., Cai,M., Li,Y., Ao,L., Shu,W., Liu,J., Cao, J., 2014. Air pollution and decreased semen quality: A comparative study of Chongqing urban and rural areas. Environmental Pollution 187, 145-152.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Fatih Sarı

Publication Date June 3, 2020
Submission Date October 31, 2019
Acceptance Date December 17, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE F. Sarı, “DEVELOPMENT OF A WEBGIS BASED AIR QUALITY GEOPORTAL FOR MONITORING AND MANAGING AIR QUALITY IN ISTANBUL”, KONJES, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 354–368, 2020, doi: 10.36306/konjes.640691.