Research Article
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The Effect of Carbon Fibre Orientations and Core Thicknesses on Compression and Flexural Properties of Sandwich Composites

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 223 - 236, 03.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.745739

Abstract

Sandwich composite structures are commonly used in different areas such as aerospace, marine, space, architectural structures where high strength and stiffness are required as well as the weight is a critical problem. Mechanical properties of the sandwich panels were affected by facesheets type, facesheet density and dimensions of the core materials. In this study, different thicknesses of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foams were used as corepart of sandwich panels. PVC foam cores and sandwich composites with unidirectional and biaxial carbon fiber fabric face sheets were produced using vacuum infusion method and strength of the panels which have different fiber orientations were compared with 3-point bending and compression tests. Also, the effect of core thickness on core shear stress and flexural strength was investigated by using core materials of different thickness PVC foam. As a result, directions of fiber in facesheets was observed to be an important parameter in face strength. It was obtained that increasing the thickness of the core in the sandwich panels decreased the flexural and compressive strength of sandwich composites.

References

  • Abdi, B., Azwan, S., Abdullah, M.R., Ayob, A., Yahya, Y., Xin, Li., 2014, “Flatwise compression and flexural behavior of foam core and polymer pin-reinforced foam core composites and sandwich panels”, Int. J. Mech. Sci., Cilt 88, ss. 138-144.
  • Caliskan, U., Apalak, M.K., 2017, “Low velocity bending impact behavior of foam cores and sanwich beams: Experimental” Compos Part B, Cilt. 112, ss. 158-175.
  • Chowdhury, N.M., Chiu, W.K., Wang, J., Chang, P., “Experimental and finite element studies of bolted, bonded and hybrid step lap joints of thick carbon fibre/epoxy panels used in aircraft structures”, 2016, Compos Part B, Cilt 100, ss. 68-77.
  • Dawood, M., El-Tahan, M.W., Zheng, B., 2015,“Bond behavior of super elastic shape memory alloys to carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites”, Compos Part B, Cilt 77, ss. 238-247.
  • Dhieb, H., Buijnsters, J.G., Elleuch, K., Celis, J.P.,2016, “Effect of relative humidity and full immersion in water on friction, wear and debonding of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy under reciprocating sliding”, Compos Part B, Cilt 8, ss. 240-252.
  • Dost Kimya, Karbon fiber takviyeler ve epoksi reçineler, http://kompozit.net, ziyaret tarihi:15Kasım 2018.
  • Geren, N., Uzay, Ç., Boztepe, M.H., Bayramoğlu, M., 2017 “Sandviç Malzeme Geliştirmede Polimer Köpük Kalınlığının Eğilme Dayanımına Etkisinin Deneysel Olarak Araştırılması”, Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 32(2), ss. 13-22.
  • Han, M.S., Cho, J.U., 2014, “Impact damage behavior of sandwich composite with aluminum foam core”, Trans Nonferrous Met SocChina, Cilt 24, ss. 42-46.
  • Hwang, S., 2016,“Tensile, electrical conductivity and EMI shielding properties of solid and foamed PBT/carbon fiber composites”, Compos Part B, Cilt 98, ss.1-8.
  • Jayaram R.S., Nagarajan V.A., Vinod Kumar K.P., 2018, “Compression and low velocity impact response of sandwich panels with polyester pin-reinforced foam filled honeycomb core”, J. Sandwich Struct. Mater., Cilt 0(0), ss. 1-17.
  • Jin. F.L., Lee S.Y., Park, S.J., 2013,“Polymer matrices for carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites”,Carbohydr Lett, Cilt 14, ss. 76-88.
  • Kim, M., Sung, D.H., Kong, K., Kim, N., Kim, B.J., Park, H.W., et al., 2016, “Characterization of resistive heating and thermoelectric behavior of discontinuous carbon fiber-epoxy composites”Compos Part B, Cilt 90, ss. 37-44.
  • Lu, J.H., Youngblood, J.P., 2015, “Adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced composite using UV-curing epoxy resin”, Compos Part B, Cilt 82, ss. 221-225.
  • Luo, B., Yan, R., Zeng, H., Xu, L., 2017, “The mechanical behavior of sandwich composite joints for ship structures”,Ocean Engineering, Cilt 144, ss. 78-89.
  • Malcom A.J., Aronson M.T., Deshpande V.S., Wadley H.N.G., 2013, “Compressive response of glass fiber composite sandwich structures”, Compos Part A, Cilt 54, ss. 88-97.
  • Mouritz., A.P., 2006, “Compression properties of z-pinned sandwich composites”, J. Mater. Sci.,Cilt 41, ss. 5771-5774
  • Ning F., Cong, W., Qiu, J., We,i J., Wang, S., 2015, “Additive manufacturing of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites using fused deposition modeling”, ComposPart B,Cilt 80, ss. 269-78.
  • Park S.J, Seo M.K, 2012, “Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites: preparation, properties and applications’’, Polymer composites, Vol.1, Wiley-VCH VerlagGmbH&Co. KGaA., Weinheim, Germany.
  • Quintana J.M., Maver T.M., 2017, “Thermomechanical behavior of sandwich panels with graphitic-foam cores”Materials and Design, Cilt 135, ss. 411-422.
  • Selver, E., Kaya, G., 2019,“Flexural properties of sandwich composite laminates reinforced with glass and carbon Z-pins ” J Compos Mater, Cilt 53 (10), ss. 1347-1359.
  • Shi, S., Sun, Z., Hu, X., Chen, H., 2014,“Carbon-fiber and aluminum honeycomb sandwich composites with and without Kevlar-fiber interfacial toughening”, Compos Part A, Cilt 67, ss. 102-110.
  • Sun Y., L.i Y., 2017, “Prediction and experiment on the compressive property of the sandwich structure with a chevron carbon-fibre-reinforced composite folded core”, Compos Sci Technol, Cilt 150, ss. 95-101.
  • Wang, F.S, Ji, Y.Y., Yu, X.S., Chen, H., Yue, Z.F., 2016, “Ablation damage assessment of aircraft carbon fiber/epoxy composite and its protection structures suffered from lightning strike”, Compos Struct, Cilt 145, ss. 226-241.
  • Wang, J., Shi, C., Yang, N., Liu, Y., Song, B., 2018, “Strength, stiffness, and panel peeling strength of carbon fiber-reinforced composites and sandwich structures with aluminum honeycomb cores for vehicle body”, Compos Struct, Cilt 184, ss. 1189-1196.
  • Xu, H., Zhang, X., Liu, D., Yan, C., Chen, X., Hui, D., 2016, “Cyclomatrix-type polyphosphazene coating: improving interfacial property of carbon fiber/epoxy composites and preserving fiber tensile strength” Compos Part B, Cilt 93, ss. 244–251.
  • Xu, G., Wang,Z., Zeng, T., Cheng, S., Fang, D., 2018, “Mechanical response of carbon/epoxy composites and sandwich structures with three-dimensional corrugated cores”, Compos Sci Technol, Cilt 156, ss. 296-304.
  • Yalkin, H.E., Icten, B.M., Alpyildiz, T., 2015,“Enhanced mechanical performance of foam cores and sandwich composites with through the thickness reinforced core”, Compos Part B, Cilt 79, ss. 383-391.
  • Yamamoto, T., Uematsu, K., Irisawa, T., Tanabe, Y., 2016, “Controlling of the interfacial shear strength between thermoplastic resin and carbon fiber by adsorbing polymer particles on carbon fiber using electrophoresis”, Compos Part A, Cilt 88, ss. 75-78.

SANDVİÇ KOMPOZİTLERDE ÇEKİRDEK KALINLIĞININ VE KARBON LİF YÖNLENMELERİNİN BASMA VE EĞİLME DAYANIMLARINA ETKİSİ

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 223 - 236, 03.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.745739

Abstract

Sandviç kompozit malzemelerin yüksek mukavemet ve rijitlik istenen, aynı zamanda ağırlığın problem olduğu havacılık endüstrisi, denizcilik endüstrisi, uzay ve mimari yapılar gibi alanlarda kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Kompozit malzemelerde kullanılan yüzey plakaları, çekirdek malzemenin cinsi, yoğunluğu, boyutları malzemenin mekanik özelliklerini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada kompozit sandviç panel malzemesinde çekirdek malzeme olarak farklı kalınlıkta PVC (PoliVinil Klorür) köpük kullanılmıştır. Vakum infüzyon yöntemiyle üretilen PVC köpüklü sandviç panellerin yüzey plakalarında tek yönlü ve çift eksenli karbon fiber kumaşlar kullanılmış, farklı fiber yönlenmelerine sahip panellere eğme ve basma deneyleri uygulanarak yüzey dayanımları karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, PVC köpükten farklı kalınlıkta çekirdek malzemeler kullanılarak çekirdek kalınlığının çekirdek kayma gerilmesi ve eğilme dayanımı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, panel plakalarında fiber yönlerinin yüzey mukavemetini etkileyen önemli bir parametre olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. PVC çekirdekli sandviç panellerde çekirdek kalınlığının artması sonucu basma ve eğilme dayanımının azaldığı ortaya çıkmıştır.

References

  • Abdi, B., Azwan, S., Abdullah, M.R., Ayob, A., Yahya, Y., Xin, Li., 2014, “Flatwise compression and flexural behavior of foam core and polymer pin-reinforced foam core composites and sandwich panels”, Int. J. Mech. Sci., Cilt 88, ss. 138-144.
  • Caliskan, U., Apalak, M.K., 2017, “Low velocity bending impact behavior of foam cores and sanwich beams: Experimental” Compos Part B, Cilt. 112, ss. 158-175.
  • Chowdhury, N.M., Chiu, W.K., Wang, J., Chang, P., “Experimental and finite element studies of bolted, bonded and hybrid step lap joints of thick carbon fibre/epoxy panels used in aircraft structures”, 2016, Compos Part B, Cilt 100, ss. 68-77.
  • Dawood, M., El-Tahan, M.W., Zheng, B., 2015,“Bond behavior of super elastic shape memory alloys to carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites”, Compos Part B, Cilt 77, ss. 238-247.
  • Dhieb, H., Buijnsters, J.G., Elleuch, K., Celis, J.P.,2016, “Effect of relative humidity and full immersion in water on friction, wear and debonding of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy under reciprocating sliding”, Compos Part B, Cilt 8, ss. 240-252.
  • Dost Kimya, Karbon fiber takviyeler ve epoksi reçineler, http://kompozit.net, ziyaret tarihi:15Kasım 2018.
  • Geren, N., Uzay, Ç., Boztepe, M.H., Bayramoğlu, M., 2017 “Sandviç Malzeme Geliştirmede Polimer Köpük Kalınlığının Eğilme Dayanımına Etkisinin Deneysel Olarak Araştırılması”, Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 32(2), ss. 13-22.
  • Han, M.S., Cho, J.U., 2014, “Impact damage behavior of sandwich composite with aluminum foam core”, Trans Nonferrous Met SocChina, Cilt 24, ss. 42-46.
  • Hwang, S., 2016,“Tensile, electrical conductivity and EMI shielding properties of solid and foamed PBT/carbon fiber composites”, Compos Part B, Cilt 98, ss.1-8.
  • Jayaram R.S., Nagarajan V.A., Vinod Kumar K.P., 2018, “Compression and low velocity impact response of sandwich panels with polyester pin-reinforced foam filled honeycomb core”, J. Sandwich Struct. Mater., Cilt 0(0), ss. 1-17.
  • Jin. F.L., Lee S.Y., Park, S.J., 2013,“Polymer matrices for carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites”,Carbohydr Lett, Cilt 14, ss. 76-88.
  • Kim, M., Sung, D.H., Kong, K., Kim, N., Kim, B.J., Park, H.W., et al., 2016, “Characterization of resistive heating and thermoelectric behavior of discontinuous carbon fiber-epoxy composites”Compos Part B, Cilt 90, ss. 37-44.
  • Lu, J.H., Youngblood, J.P., 2015, “Adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced composite using UV-curing epoxy resin”, Compos Part B, Cilt 82, ss. 221-225.
  • Luo, B., Yan, R., Zeng, H., Xu, L., 2017, “The mechanical behavior of sandwich composite joints for ship structures”,Ocean Engineering, Cilt 144, ss. 78-89.
  • Malcom A.J., Aronson M.T., Deshpande V.S., Wadley H.N.G., 2013, “Compressive response of glass fiber composite sandwich structures”, Compos Part A, Cilt 54, ss. 88-97.
  • Mouritz., A.P., 2006, “Compression properties of z-pinned sandwich composites”, J. Mater. Sci.,Cilt 41, ss. 5771-5774
  • Ning F., Cong, W., Qiu, J., We,i J., Wang, S., 2015, “Additive manufacturing of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites using fused deposition modeling”, ComposPart B,Cilt 80, ss. 269-78.
  • Park S.J, Seo M.K, 2012, “Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites: preparation, properties and applications’’, Polymer composites, Vol.1, Wiley-VCH VerlagGmbH&Co. KGaA., Weinheim, Germany.
  • Quintana J.M., Maver T.M., 2017, “Thermomechanical behavior of sandwich panels with graphitic-foam cores”Materials and Design, Cilt 135, ss. 411-422.
  • Selver, E., Kaya, G., 2019,“Flexural properties of sandwich composite laminates reinforced with glass and carbon Z-pins ” J Compos Mater, Cilt 53 (10), ss. 1347-1359.
  • Shi, S., Sun, Z., Hu, X., Chen, H., 2014,“Carbon-fiber and aluminum honeycomb sandwich composites with and without Kevlar-fiber interfacial toughening”, Compos Part A, Cilt 67, ss. 102-110.
  • Sun Y., L.i Y., 2017, “Prediction and experiment on the compressive property of the sandwich structure with a chevron carbon-fibre-reinforced composite folded core”, Compos Sci Technol, Cilt 150, ss. 95-101.
  • Wang, F.S, Ji, Y.Y., Yu, X.S., Chen, H., Yue, Z.F., 2016, “Ablation damage assessment of aircraft carbon fiber/epoxy composite and its protection structures suffered from lightning strike”, Compos Struct, Cilt 145, ss. 226-241.
  • Wang, J., Shi, C., Yang, N., Liu, Y., Song, B., 2018, “Strength, stiffness, and panel peeling strength of carbon fiber-reinforced composites and sandwich structures with aluminum honeycomb cores for vehicle body”, Compos Struct, Cilt 184, ss. 1189-1196.
  • Xu, H., Zhang, X., Liu, D., Yan, C., Chen, X., Hui, D., 2016, “Cyclomatrix-type polyphosphazene coating: improving interfacial property of carbon fiber/epoxy composites and preserving fiber tensile strength” Compos Part B, Cilt 93, ss. 244–251.
  • Xu, G., Wang,Z., Zeng, T., Cheng, S., Fang, D., 2018, “Mechanical response of carbon/epoxy composites and sandwich structures with three-dimensional corrugated cores”, Compos Sci Technol, Cilt 156, ss. 296-304.
  • Yalkin, H.E., Icten, B.M., Alpyildiz, T., 2015,“Enhanced mechanical performance of foam cores and sandwich composites with through the thickness reinforced core”, Compos Part B, Cilt 79, ss. 383-391.
  • Yamamoto, T., Uematsu, K., Irisawa, T., Tanabe, Y., 2016, “Controlling of the interfacial shear strength between thermoplastic resin and carbon fiber by adsorbing polymer particles on carbon fiber using electrophoresis”, Compos Part A, Cilt 88, ss. 75-78.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Serhat Osmanoğlu This is me

Erdem Selver This is me

Muharrem İmal This is me

Publication Date June 3, 2020
Submission Date December 30, 2018
Acceptance Date September 5, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE S. Osmanoğlu, E. Selver, and M. İmal, “SANDVİÇ KOMPOZİTLERDE ÇEKİRDEK KALINLIĞININ VE KARBON LİF YÖNLENMELERİNİN BASMA VE EĞİLME DAYANIMLARINA ETKİSİ”, KONJES, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 223–236, 2020, doi: 10.36306/konjes.745739.