ARI ALGORİTMASI (AA) VE PARÇACIK SÜRÜ OPTİMİZASYONU (PSO) KULLANARAK ÇEYREK ARAÇ MODELİ TASARIM PARAMETRELERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Year 2021,
Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 621 - 632, 01.09.2021
Onur Eser
,
Abdullah Çakan
,
Mete Kalyoncu
,
Fatih Botsalı
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, araç dinamiği çalışmalarında yaygın olarak kullanılan çeyrek araç modeli kullanılmıştır. Çeyrek araç modeli oluşturularak, sistemin yaylı ve yaysız kütlesi, yay sertliği, sönümleme katsayısı ve lastik sertliği olmak üzere beş adet tasarım parametresi optimizasyon algoritmaları aracılığı ile belirlenmek üzere seçilmiştir. Optimizasyonun amacı; belirlenen yol profilinde çeyrek araç süspansiyon sisteminin daha iyi sürüş kabiliyeti ve konfor elde edebilmek adına süspansiyon sistemindeki sapmaların minimize edilmesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Arı Algoritması (AA) ve Parçacık Sürü Optimizasyon (PSO) algoritmaları kullanılarak MATLAB yazılımı aracılığı ile tasarım parametrelerinin optimum değerleri belirlenmiştir. Çeyrek araç modeli blok diyagramı Matlab/Simulink ile oluşturulmuş ve belirlenen optimum değerler kullanılarak, ISO 8608 Standartlı C sınıfı yol profili cevapları incelenmiştir. Yapılan simülasyonlar sonucunda Arı Algoritmasının daha başarılı sonuçlar verdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar tablo ve grafikler halinde verilmiştir.
References
- Anirban. C. Mitraa, Gourav. J. Desaib, Saaish. R. Patwardhanc, Parag H. Shirked, Waseem M. H. Kurnee, Nilotpal Banerjeef, 2016, "Optimization Of Passive Vehicle Suspension System By Genetic Algorithm" Procedia Engineering 144 pp 1158 – 1166
- Çakan, A., Botsalı, F. M., & Tinkir, M., 2014, "Modeling and controller comparison for quarter car suspension system by using PID and Type-1 fuzzy logic" In Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vol. 598, pp. 524-528). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
- Florea A., Cofaru I. I., Roman L., Cofaru N., 2016 "Applying the Multi-objective Optimization Techniques in the Design of Suspension Systems" Journal of Digital Information Management Vol.14 No.6, pp 351-367
- Gadhvia B., Savsania, V, Patela V., 2016, "Multi-Objective Optimization of Vehicle Passive Suspension System using NSGA-II, SPEA2 and PESA-II" Procedia Technology 23 pp 361 – 368
- Gogaa V., Klúcik M., 2012, "Optimization of vehicle suspension parameters with use of evolutionary computation", Procedia Engineering 48, 174 – 179
- Koulocheris D., Papaioannou G. and Christodoulou D., 2017 "An approach for multi-objective optimization of vehicle suspension system" IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 252 (2017) 012037 pp 1-8
- Likaj R., Shala A., Bruqi M., Qelaj M., 2010, "Optimal Design Of Quarter Car Vehicle Suspension System", TMT 2010, Mediterranean Cruise, 11-18 September 2010 pp 417-420
- Múčka, P., 2018, "Simulated road profiles according to ISO 8608 in vibration analysis" In Journal of Testing and Evaluation, ISSN 0090-3973, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 405-418.
- Nagarkar M. P., Bhalerao Y. J., Patil G. J. V. and Patil R. N. Z., 2018. "GA-based multi-objective optimization of active nonlinear quarter car suspension system—PID and fuzzy logic control"
- Nagarkar et al. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Pham D.T. and Kalyoncu M., 2009, "Optimisation of a Fuzzy Logic Controller for a Flexible Single-Link Robot Arm Using the Bees Algorithm", Cardiff CF24 3AA, Cardiff University, UK, 2009 IEEE.
- Pham D.T., Koç E., Ghanbarzadeh A., Otri S., Rahim S., Zaidi, M., 2006, "The Bees Algorithm A Novel Tool for Complex Optimisation Problems" 2nd International Virtual Conference on Intelligent Production Machines and Systems, 454-461.
- Pham D.T., Koç E., Kalyoncu M., Tınkır M., 2008, "Hierarchical PID Controller Design for a Flexible Link Robot Manipulator Using the Bees Algorithm", Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, Sakarya, Turkey, Ekim 14-16, 757-765.
- Şen, M. A., Bilgiç, H. H., Kalyoncu, M. 2016. "Çift Ters Sarkaç Sisteminin Denge ve Konum Kontrolü için Arı Algoritması ile LQR Kontrolcü Parametrelerinin Tayini, " Mühendis ve Makina, cilt 57, sayı 679, s. 53-62.
- Şen M. A ve Kalyoncu M., 2015 "İki Tekerlekli Kendi Kendini Dengeleyen Robotun Yörünge Takibi için Arı Algoritması kullanarak LQR Kontrolcü Tasarımı" Uluslararası Katılımlı 17. Makina Teorisi Sempozyumu, İzmir, pp 1-7
- Türkdoğru N. G. 2008, "Aktif Süspansiyon Sistemlerinde Hata Tespiti ve Analiz", Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul Uddin N., 2019, "Optimal Control Design of Active Suspension System Based on Quarter Car Model" Jurnal Infotel Vol.11 No.2 pp 55-61
- Wang L., Lv Z. and Li Q., 2015 "Road friendliness optimization of heavy vehicle suspension based on particle swarm algorithm" 4th International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering (ICCMCEE 2015) pp 1328-1333
- Wong P. K., Ma X., Zhao J., Xie Z., Zhao R., 2017 "Damping Force Control of A Semi-active Suspension System Using Cuckoo Search Optimized PID Method" Advances in Engineering Research (AER), volume 102 269 Second International Conference on Mechanics, Materials and Structural Engineering (ICMMSE 2017) pp 269-273
- Yıldız B. S., 2018 "Optimal Design Of Automotive Suspension Springs Using Differential Evolution Algorithm" Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp 207-214
- Yurttaş A., 2011, "Araç Matematiksel Modelinin Oluşturulması ve Tasarım Parametrelerinin Sezgisel Yöntemlerle Optimizasyonu", Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bursa.
Determining The Quarter Vehicle Model Design Parameters Using Bees Algorithm (BA) And Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
Year 2021,
Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 621 - 632, 01.09.2021
Onur Eser
,
Abdullah Çakan
,
Mete Kalyoncu
,
Fatih Botsalı
Abstract
In this study, a quarter vehicle model that is widely used in vehicle dynamics studies is chosen for analysis. The quarter vehicle model used is created based on five design parameters, namely as the sprung and unspring mass of the system, spring stiffness, damping coefficient and tire stiffness. These design parameters are selected to be determined by the proposed optimization algorithms. The objective of the optimization is to minimize the deviations in the suspension system in order to obtain better driving stability and comfort of the quarter vehicle suspension system on the chosen road profile. The optimum values of the design parameters are determined by using The Bees Algorithm (BA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms executed in the MATLAB software environment. The quarter vehicle model block diagram is created within Matlab / Simulink and along with ISO 8608 Standard Class C road profiles. The responses of the model are then examined by using the determined optimum values. As a result of the simulations, it is observed that The Bees Algorithm gives more successful results compared to PSO. The obtained results are presented in tables and graphics.
References
- Anirban. C. Mitraa, Gourav. J. Desaib, Saaish. R. Patwardhanc, Parag H. Shirked, Waseem M. H. Kurnee, Nilotpal Banerjeef, 2016, "Optimization Of Passive Vehicle Suspension System By Genetic Algorithm" Procedia Engineering 144 pp 1158 – 1166
- Çakan, A., Botsalı, F. M., & Tinkir, M., 2014, "Modeling and controller comparison for quarter car suspension system by using PID and Type-1 fuzzy logic" In Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vol. 598, pp. 524-528). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
- Florea A., Cofaru I. I., Roman L., Cofaru N., 2016 "Applying the Multi-objective Optimization Techniques in the Design of Suspension Systems" Journal of Digital Information Management Vol.14 No.6, pp 351-367
- Gadhvia B., Savsania, V, Patela V., 2016, "Multi-Objective Optimization of Vehicle Passive Suspension System using NSGA-II, SPEA2 and PESA-II" Procedia Technology 23 pp 361 – 368
- Gogaa V., Klúcik M., 2012, "Optimization of vehicle suspension parameters with use of evolutionary computation", Procedia Engineering 48, 174 – 179
- Koulocheris D., Papaioannou G. and Christodoulou D., 2017 "An approach for multi-objective optimization of vehicle suspension system" IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 252 (2017) 012037 pp 1-8
- Likaj R., Shala A., Bruqi M., Qelaj M., 2010, "Optimal Design Of Quarter Car Vehicle Suspension System", TMT 2010, Mediterranean Cruise, 11-18 September 2010 pp 417-420
- Múčka, P., 2018, "Simulated road profiles according to ISO 8608 in vibration analysis" In Journal of Testing and Evaluation, ISSN 0090-3973, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 405-418.
- Nagarkar M. P., Bhalerao Y. J., Patil G. J. V. and Patil R. N. Z., 2018. "GA-based multi-objective optimization of active nonlinear quarter car suspension system—PID and fuzzy logic control"
- Nagarkar et al. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Pham D.T. and Kalyoncu M., 2009, "Optimisation of a Fuzzy Logic Controller for a Flexible Single-Link Robot Arm Using the Bees Algorithm", Cardiff CF24 3AA, Cardiff University, UK, 2009 IEEE.
- Pham D.T., Koç E., Ghanbarzadeh A., Otri S., Rahim S., Zaidi, M., 2006, "The Bees Algorithm A Novel Tool for Complex Optimisation Problems" 2nd International Virtual Conference on Intelligent Production Machines and Systems, 454-461.
- Pham D.T., Koç E., Kalyoncu M., Tınkır M., 2008, "Hierarchical PID Controller Design for a Flexible Link Robot Manipulator Using the Bees Algorithm", Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, Sakarya, Turkey, Ekim 14-16, 757-765.
- Şen, M. A., Bilgiç, H. H., Kalyoncu, M. 2016. "Çift Ters Sarkaç Sisteminin Denge ve Konum Kontrolü için Arı Algoritması ile LQR Kontrolcü Parametrelerinin Tayini, " Mühendis ve Makina, cilt 57, sayı 679, s. 53-62.
- Şen M. A ve Kalyoncu M., 2015 "İki Tekerlekli Kendi Kendini Dengeleyen Robotun Yörünge Takibi için Arı Algoritması kullanarak LQR Kontrolcü Tasarımı" Uluslararası Katılımlı 17. Makina Teorisi Sempozyumu, İzmir, pp 1-7
- Türkdoğru N. G. 2008, "Aktif Süspansiyon Sistemlerinde Hata Tespiti ve Analiz", Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul Uddin N., 2019, "Optimal Control Design of Active Suspension System Based on Quarter Car Model" Jurnal Infotel Vol.11 No.2 pp 55-61
- Wang L., Lv Z. and Li Q., 2015 "Road friendliness optimization of heavy vehicle suspension based on particle swarm algorithm" 4th International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering (ICCMCEE 2015) pp 1328-1333
- Wong P. K., Ma X., Zhao J., Xie Z., Zhao R., 2017 "Damping Force Control of A Semi-active Suspension System Using Cuckoo Search Optimized PID Method" Advances in Engineering Research (AER), volume 102 269 Second International Conference on Mechanics, Materials and Structural Engineering (ICMMSE 2017) pp 269-273
- Yıldız B. S., 2018 "Optimal Design Of Automotive Suspension Springs Using Differential Evolution Algorithm" Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp 207-214
- Yurttaş A., 2011, "Araç Matematiksel Modelinin Oluşturulması ve Tasarım Parametrelerinin Sezgisel Yöntemlerle Optimizasyonu", Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bursa.