The Impact of Disasters on the Gender Gap in Life Expectancy: Nonlinear ARDL Model

Abstract

Yaşam Beklentisinde Afetlerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Uçurumu Üzerine Etkisi: Doğrusal Olmayan ARDL Modeli

Abstract

Toplumsal araştırmalarda cinsiyet boyutları yaygın olarak tartışılsa da, birçok afet ve kurtarma programı cinsiyet gereksinimlerini görmezden gelmektedir. Afetlerin erkekler ve kadınlar üzerinde ortaya çıkardığı farklı etkiler, öncelikle toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kadınların afetlerden kaynaklanan ölümler ve sonrasında maruz kaldıkları risk faktörlerini toplumsal cinsiyet perspektifinden analiz etmektir. Bu amaçla afetlerin sıklıkla yaşandığı ülkeler dikkate alınarak, doğumda beklenen ortalama yaşam süresi uçurumu üzerine afetlerdeki ölümler, kişi başına gelir ve insan hakları gibi değişkenlerin etkisi doğrusal olmayan ARDL (NARDL) yaklaşımı ile araştırılmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel bulgularına göre afetlerin kadınların doğumda yaşam beklentisini azaltacağı hipotezi dikkate alınan ülkeler arasında sadece Hindistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Filipinler ve ABD için kanıtlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel önerisi erken uyarı sistemleri ve afet yönetimi hakkında cinsiyete duyarlı toplumsal eğitimdir. Yanı sıra (genelde göz ardı edilen) afet riskinin azaltılmasında kadınların fiili ve potansiyel rollerinin dikkate alınması gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• Afetler
• toplumsal cinsiyet
• yaşam beklentisi

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