Abstract

Introduction and Objectives: The adolescents who are constituting an important part of the society are the assurance of the future generations. In this study, its aimed to identify the factors affecting having trouble or not, determine, discuss the proposals of the intended solutions in accordance with the obtained results of the adolescents psychosocial status, Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in two primary school and two high school where these schools were chosen randomly from the education and research area of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Department which is in the area of Public Health Head of Abidinpaşa Health Group. Data was collected by questionnaire. The questions in the questionnaire was prepared by using patterns created by H.E.A.D.S.S. in order to evaluate the adolescents from the psychosocial perspective Findings and Conclusion: Being unsuccessful at school is more frequent among the students having emotional relationship with the opposite sex. The percentage of having emotional relationship with the opposite sex is higher for male students. Students who have emotional relationships are wondering around without permission of their parents with higher rate. The one’s who want to be in someone else's place has more gratuitous crying status. The one’s who find themselves unsuccessful, having bad relationship with mother and father and stated beaten more frequently has frequently gratuitous crying. Students who are satisfied with the physical characteristics has less gratuitous crying. The socioeconomic levels affect the elements in the lives of the students that they want to change. The students who want to change more than one element in their life has more friends. Girl students percentage who are Findings and Conclusion: Being unsuccessful at school is more frequent among the students having emotional relationship with the opposite sex. The percentage of having emotional relationship with the opposite sex is higher for male students. Students who have emotional relationships are wondering around without permission of their parents with higher rate. The one’s who want to be in someone else's place has more gratuitous crying status. The one’s who find themselves unsuccessful, having bad relationship with mother and father and stated beaten more frequently has frequently gratuitous crying. Students who are satisfied with the physical characteristics has less gratuitous crying. The socioeconomic levels affect the elements in the lives of the students that they want to change. The students who want to change more than one element in their life has more friends. Girl students percentage who are unsatisfied with their physical properties are higher. The students who are satisfied with their own physical characteristics have more friends. There is a significant difference between students wanting to be in someone else's place status and their relationship between their mother and father. Students who want to become someone else's place are beaten with higher probability. Students who have bad habits are meeting with their friends more often at nights. Students whose parents are separated have more bad behaviours.

Keywords

• Adolescent, psychosocial behaviours, school health

İki lise ve iki ilköğretim okulu öğrencilerinde psikososyal gelişim ve ilişkili bazı faktörler

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Toplumun önemli bir kısmını oluşturan ergenlerin sağlığı gelecek nesillerin güvencesidir. Bu çalışmada, ergenlerin, psikososyal durumlarını, sorun yaşayıp yaşamadıklarını, etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek ve elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda, çözüm önerilerini tartışmak amaçlanmıştır. Materyal Ve Metod: Çalışma, Abidinpaşa Sağlık Grup başkanlığı bölgesinde yer alan okullar arasından rasgele seçilmiş, iki ilköğretim okulu ve iki lisede gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler anket yolu ile toplanmıştır. Anketteki sorular, ergenleri psikososyal açıdan değerlendirmeye yönelik olarak (Home&Environment)(Education&Employment )(Activities)(Drugs)(sexuality)(suicide/Depressi on) H.E.A.D.S.S. kalıbından yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 303 öğrenci katılmıştır. Bulgular Ve Sonuç: Karşı cinsle duygusal ilişkisi olan öğrenciler arasında sınıfta kalma daha sıktır. Karşı cinsle duygusal ilişkisi olan örenciler daha yüksek oranda ailelerine haber vermeksizin gezmeye çıkmaktadır. Başka birisinin yerinde olmayı isteyenlerde nedensiz ağlama durumu yüksek orandadır. Kendilerini başarısız bulan, anne ve baba ile kötü ilişkileri olan ve daha fazla dayak yediğini belirtenler daha sık nedensiz ağlamaktadır. Fiziksel özelliklerinden memnun olan öğrencilerde nedensiz ağlama daha azdır. Öğrencilerin yaşamlarında değiştirmek istedikleri unsuru, sosyoekonomik düzeyleri etkilemektedir. Yaşamında birden fazla unsuru değiştirmek isteyen öğrenciler daha fazla arkadaşa sahiptir. Kız öğrenciler daha yüksek oranda fiziksel özelliklerinden memnun değildir. Kendi fiziksel özelliklerinden memnun olan öğrencilerin daha fazla arkadaşı vardır. Öğrencilerde başka birisinin yerinde olmayı isteme durumu ile anne ve baba ile ilişkileri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark vardır. Başka birisinin yerinde olmayı isteyen öğrencilerde dayak yeme oranı daha fazladır. Kötü alışkanlıkları olan öğrenciler, gece arkadaşlarıyla daha fazla buluşmaktadır. Anne ve babası bir arada olmayan öğrencilerde kötü davranış daha fazladır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adolesan, gençlerin psikosoyal davranışları, okul sağlığı

References

1. Abernathy T (2002) Relationship Between Poverty And Health Among Adolescent, Adolescence, 37(145):55-67
2. Akdur R (1996) Sağlık Bilimlerinde Araştırma Ve Tez Yapma Rehberi, Ankara S: 17-27, 33-36
3. Atabek E (2002) Erken Büyüyen Çocuklar- Günümüzün Ergenleri- Altın Kitaplar Yayınevi, İstanbul
4. Bean R (2003) The Impact Of Parental Support, Behavioral Control And Psychological Control On The Academic Achievement And Self- Esteem Of American And European American Adolescents, Journal Of Adolescent Research, 18(6):523-541
5. Borawski E (2003) Parental Monitoring, Negotiated Unsupervised Time And Parental Trust: The Role of Perceived Parenting Practices In Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors, Journal Of Adolescent Health, 33:60-70
6. De Vries H (2003) Parents’ And Friends’ Smoking Status As Predictors Of Smoking Onset: Findings From Six European Countries, Health Education Researches, 18:627-36
7. Duncan G (2001) Sibling, Peer, Neigbor And Schoolmate Correlations As Indicators Of The Importance Of Context For Adolescent Development, Demography, 38(3):437-447
8. Hathaway W (1993) Current Pediatric Diagnosis And Treatment, Çocuk Hastalıkları Tanı Ve Tedavi, Güneş Kitabevi, Ankara

9. Johnston E (1997) Care Of Adolescent Girls, Primary Care, 24(1):53-65
10. Mizuno S (1999) Psychosocial Development And Moral Development: An Exploratory Comparison Of Adolescent In Japan And America, Psychological Reports, 84:51-62
11. Motovallı N (2000) Çocuk Ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Temel Ve Klinik Tıp Bilimler, Ders Kitapları, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul
12. O’dea J (1999) Association Between Self- Concept And Body Weight, Gender And Pubertal Development Among Male And Female Adolescent, Adolescence, 34(133):68-79
13. Orr D (1988) Adolescent Development: A Biopsychosocial Rewiew, Curr Probl Pediatr, 19:528-33
14. Paschall M (2003) Effects Of Parenting, Father Absence And Affiliation With Delinquent Peers On Delinquent Behaviour Among African-American Male Adolescents, Adolescence, Spring, 38(149):15-33
15. Shoal G (2003) Salivary Cortisol, Personality, And Aggresive Behaviour In Adolescent Boys: A 5- Year Longitudinal Study, J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry, 42(9):1101-1107
16. Şemin R (1992) Gençlik Psikolojisi, Remzi Kitabevi, İstanbul
17. Temel F (2001) Ergen Ve Gelişimi, Nobel Yayın Dağıtımı, Ankara S: 16-17, 31
18. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı (2002) Ergen Sağlığı Ve Gelişimi, AÇS/AP Genel Müdürlüğü, Aydoğdu Ofset, Ankara S: 7-17, 24-28, 32-34
19. Tunçbilek E (1995) Çocuk Sağlığı, Propedötik, Hacettepe Yayınları, Ankara
20. World Health Organization (1986) Young People’s Health-A Challenge For Society, Geneva
21. World Health Organization (1977) Health Needs of Adolescent, Geneva
22. Yörükoğlu A (2000) Gençlik Çağı Ruh Sağlığı Ve Ruhsal Sorunlar, Özgür Yayınları, İstanbul S:21- 24, 44-45, 79