Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Yaklaşımına Dayalı Grupla Psikolojik Danışma Müdahaleleri: Bir Sistematik Gözden Geçirme

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, 2015-2025 yılları arasında yayımlanan araştırmaları sistematik bir biçimde sentezleyerek; Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi yaklaşımına dayalı grupla psikolojik danışma müdahalelerinin temel psikolojik bozukluklar üzerindeki semptomatik iyileştirme gücünü ve diğer müdahale yöntemleri karşısındaki durumunu incelemektir. PRISMA yönergesine uygun olarak yürütülen bu sistematik gözden geçirme kapsamında; ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, WOS ve ULAKBİM veri tabanları taranmış, yetişkin örneklemle yürütülen ve etki büyüklüğü raporlanan, toplamda 1609 yetişkinle yürütülmüş 23 ampirik çalışma analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada meta-analitik birleştirme yapılmamış; bulgular, çalışma tasarımları ve metodolojik özellikler dikkate alınarak narratif sentez yaklaşımı çerçevesinde yorumlanmıştır. İncelenen araştırmalarda Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi yaklaşımına dayalı grupla psikolojik danışma müdahalelerinin, özellikle sosyal anksiyete bozukluğu ve majör depresif bozukluk üzerinde semptom iyileştirme oranının yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Bulgular; video konferans ve sanal gerçeklik gibi dijital uygulama formatlarının, geleneksel yüz yüze müdahalelerle klinik olarak benzer başarı düzeylerine sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca; öz-şefkat, farkındalık ve kültürel uyarlamaların standart BDT protokolleriyle harmanlanarak eklektik yaklaşımların benimsenmesinin tedavi çıktılarını ve katılımcı uyumunu güçlendirdiği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi yaklaşımına dayalı grupla psikolojik danışma müdahalelerinin, psikopatolojik semptomları azaltmanın yanı sıra öz-saygı ve iş motivasyonu gibi pozitif değişkenleri de anlamlı düzeyde artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi yaklaşımına dayalı grupla psikolojik danışma müdahalelerinin güncel literatürde kanıta dayalı, esnek ve teknolojiye uyarlanabilir güçlü bir grup müdahalesi yöntemi olma niteliğini sürdürdüğünü göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bilişsel davranışçı grup terapisi
• bilişsel davranışçı grup terapisi müdahaleleri
• sistematik gözden geçirme

CBT-BASED GROUP PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELING INTERVENTIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Öz

The primary aim of this study is to systematically synthesize research published between 2015 and 2025 examining Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)–based group psychological counseling interventions, with a focus on their symptom-related outcomes across major psychological disorders and their position relative to other intervention approaches. Conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review included searches of the ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and ULAKBİM databases. A total of 23 empirical studies involving 1,609 adult participants and reporting effect size estimates were included in the analysis. No meta-analytic pooling was performed; instead, findings were interpreted using a narrative synthesis approach, considering study designs and methodological characteristics. The reviewed studies indicate that CBT-based group psychological counseling interventions are associated with clinically meaningful symptom improvements, particularly in the context of social anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder. The findings further suggest that digital delivery formats, such as videoconferencing and virtual reality–supported interventions, yield clinical outcomes comparable to those of traditional face-to-face group interventions. In addition, the integration of self-compassion, mindfulness, and culturally adapted components into standard CBT protocols—reflecting an eclectic approach—appears to support treatment outcomes and participant adherence. Overall, the findings suggest that CBT-based group psychological counseling interventions remain an evidence-based, flexible, and technology-adaptable group intervention modality in contemporary literature, with relevance not only for symptom reduction but also for positive psychological outcomes such as self-esteem and work-related motivation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cognitive behavioral group therapy
• cognitive behavioral group therapy interventions
• systematic review.

Kaynakça

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