Küresel Sivil Toplumda Dinler

Year 2009, Issue: 14, 155 - 188, 01.12.2009

George M. Thomas M. Ali Kirman

Abstract

Bu makalede dinî özgürlük modelleri analiz edilmek
suretiyle küresel sivil toplumda dinin doğası ve yeri açıklanacaktır.
Küresel bir sivil toplumun ortaya çıkışını açıklayan
kısa bir girişten sonra ahlakî bir proje olarak tasarlanan
modern sivil toplumda bireysel ve kolektif din değiştirmenin önemi belirtilecektir. Daha sonra çağdaş dünyanın
kültürel temaları belirlenecektir. Bu temalar a) birey ve
etno-kültürel grup, insanlığın temel taşıyıcılarıdır ve b) din,
göreli bir insanî tezahürdür. Ortaya çıkan kültürel tezatlar,
dinlerin kendilerini inşa biçimlerinde ve dinî özgürlük modelleri,
özellikle din değiştirme ve dine döndürme
(proselytism)1 üzerindeki çatışmalarda etkili olmaktadır.
Din değiştirme bireysel bir hak olmasına rağmen etnokültürel
gruplara karşı bir tehdit olarak da görülür. Dine
döndürme ise, gerek kültürel üstünlük olarak ve gerekse
uhrevî kurtuluşa gerek olmadığı ilkesini ihlal olarak damgalanır. Son olarak da dinî özgürlük modellerinin ortaya
çıkışında önemli olan mücadele alanları açıklanacaktır.

Keywords

Din, Toplum, Kültür, Ahlak, Din özgürlüğü

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