Refah Devletine Etkileri Üzerinden Göçmen Algısının İncelenmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 653 - 663, 31.08.2023

Esra Karapınar Kocağ

https://doi.org/10.33437/ksusbd.1096578

Abstract

Göçmenlerin ev sahibi ülkedeki etkileri oldukça sık tartışılan, siyasetçiler ve alanda araştırma yapanlar dışında halkın da dâhil olduğu geniş çevrede etki bulan bir konu olmaya devam etmektedir. Ev sahibi ülkedeki yerlilerin göçmenler hakkındaki düşünceleri ülkede entegrasyonun sağlanması açısından başlıca koşullardandır. Bu bağlamda söz konusu çalışmada yerlilerin göçmenlerin refah sistemi üzerindeki etkisi hakkındaki düşünceleri incelenmiştir. Dünya Değerler Araştırması (World Value Survey-WVS)’nın yedinci dalgası (2017-2020) ve Portekiz örneği kullanılarak bireylerin refah sistemi üzerinden göçe bakışları incelenmiştir. Daha açık bir ifadeyle, yerliler göçmenleri bir yük olarak görüyorlar mı yoksa yük olmadıklarını mı düşünüyorlar sorusu kullanılarak, bu düşüncelerini etkileyen unsurlar sıralı probit model yardımıyla açıklanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular bireylerin eğitim düzeyinin bu düşünceyi şekillendirmekte önemli bir değişken olduğunu göstermektedir. Bunun dışında, bireylerin medeni halinin ve mutluluk düzeyinin de sınırlı da olsa eki ettiği gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

Göçmen Algısı, Refah Devleti, Dünya Değerler Araştırması, Sıralı Probit Model

References

• Almeida, C. D. de, & Albuquerque, C. M. P. (2020). Welfare State in Portugal: delegated powers or disclaims responsibility? GIGAPP Estudios Working Papers, 7, 141–157. http://www.gigapp.org/ewp/index.php/GIGAPP-EWP/article/view/177
• Avdagic, S., & Savage, L. (2021). Negativity Bias: The Impact of Framing of Immigration on Welfare State Support in Germany, Sweden and the UK. British Journal of Political Science, 51(2), 624–645. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/S0007123419000395
• Biavaschi, C., Facchini, G., Mayda, A. M., & Mendola, M. (2018). South-South migration and the labor market: Evidence from South Africa. Journal of Economic Geography, 18(4), 823–853. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lby010
• Borjas, G. J. (1994). Immigration and Welfare, 1970-1990 (No. 4872; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)). https://doi.org/10.3386/w4872
• Borjas, G. J. (1999). Immigration and Welfare Magnets. Journal of Labor Economics, 17(4), 607–637. https://doi.org/10.1086/209933 Burgoon, B., & Rooduijn, M. (2021). ‘Immigrationization’ of welfare politics? Anti-immigration and welfare attitudes in context. West European Politics, 44(2), 177–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1702297
• Card, D., Dustmann, C., & Preston, I. (2005). Understanding attitudes to immigration: The migration and minority module of the first European Social Survey. Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration, 3(5), 1–45. http://www.cream-migration.org/publ_uploads/CDP_03_05.pdf%0Apapers3://publication/uuid/0B04A26E-F785-4781-ADBF-6EB7C002DC20
• Carreira da Silva, F., & Valadez Martinez, L. (2015). Sophie’s Choice. European Societies, 17(3), 351–371. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2015.1035299
• Chu, Y.-L. (2002). Automobile Ownership Analysis Using Ordered Probit Models. Transportation Research Record, 1805(1), 60–67. https://doi.org/10.3141/1805-08
• Del Carpio, X., Özden, Ç., Testaverde, M., & Wagner, M. (2015). Local labor supply responses to immigration. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 117(2), 493–521. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjoe.12099
• Eger, M. A. (2010). Even in Sweden: The Effect of Immigration on Support for Welfare State Spending. European Sociological Review, 26(2), 203–217. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcp017
• Eger, M. A., & Breznau, N. (2017). Immigration and the welfare state: A cross-regional analysis of European welfare attitudes. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 58(5), 440–463. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715217690796
• Ferreira, S. (2015). New Paths for Third-Sector Institutions in a Welfare State in Crisis: The Case of Portugal. Nonprofit Policy Forum, 6(2), 213–241. https://doi.org/doi:10.1515/npf-2014-0025
• Garand, J. C., Xu, P., & Davis, B. C. (2017). Immigration Attitudes and Support for the Welfare State in the American Mass Public. American Journal of Political Science, 61(1), 146–162. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12233
• Gindling, T. H. (2009). South-South Migration: The Impact of Nicaraguan Immigrants on Earnings, Inequality and Poverty in Costa Rica. World Development, 37(1), 116–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.01.013
• Giorgi, A., & Vitale, T. (2018). Migrants in the public discourse: Between media, policy and public opinion. In Trade Unions and Migrant Workers, New Context and Challenges in Europe. ILERA PUBLICATION SERIES. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_625024.pdf
• Hanson, G. H., Scheve, K., & Slaughter, M. J. (2007). Public Finance and Individual Preferences over Globalization Strategies. Economics & Politics, 19(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2007.00300.x
• Impact of immigration on Europe’s societies. (2006). European Migration Network. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/e-library/documents/policies/legal-migration/pdf/general/emn_immigration_2006_en.pdf
• Karapınar Kocağ, E., & Kambhampati, U. (2020). Impact of Immigration on Employment: The Case of Turkey. Empirical Economics Review, 10(4), 291–312.
• Kulin, J., Eger, M. A., & Hjerm, M. (2016). Immigration or Welfare? The Progressive’s Dilemma Revisited. Socius, 2, 2378023116632223. https://doi.org/10.1177/2378023116632223
• Kymlicka, W., & Banting, K. (2006). Immigration, Multiculturalism, and the Welfare State. Ethics & International Affairs, 20(3), 281–304. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-7093.2006.00027.x
• Lima, A. P. (2016). Care as a factor for sustainability in situations of crisis: Portugal between the welfare state and interpersonal relationships. Cadernos Pagu, 46, 79–105. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1590/18094449201600460079
• Mayda, A. M., Peri, G., & Steingress, W. (2018). THE POLITICAL IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE UNITED STATES. In NBER Working Paper Series (Working Paper 24510). http://www.nber.org/papers/w24510
• Nannestad, P. (2004). Immigration as a challenge to the Danish welfare state? European Journal of Political Economy, 20(3), 755–767. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2004.03.003