Evaluation of Risk Factors in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3, 103 - 108, 04.11.2024

Ömer Ekici , Mehmet Okka , Ahmet Özkağnıcı

https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.1356554

Öz

Objective: The purpose of our study was to compare the age, gender, intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), spherical equivalent values, smoking, family history of glaucoma, and additional systemic diseases in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and patients with ocular hypertension (OHT); and to evaluate the relationships of these factors with each other.
Materials and Methods: 40 patients with POAG, 40 patients with OHT, and 40 individuals as a control group were included in the study. Age, gender, IOP, CCT, spherical equivalent values, family history of glaucoma, history of consanguineous marriage, smoking, and systemic diseases of each subject were recorded.
Results: There was no significant difference in gender and average age between the groups. IOP values were higher in the POAG and OHT groups than in the control group. There was no significant difference in IOP values between POAG and OHT groups. CCT was higher in the OHT group than in the other groups. There was no significant correlation between IOP and CCT values. There was no significant difference in mean spherical equivalent values. The incidence of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes mellitus was similar in all groups. Family history of glaucoma is increased in the POAG and OHT group compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in the history of consanguineous marriage, alcohol usage, and smoking status among all groups.
Conclusion: High IOP was the most important risk factor in POAG and OHT groups. A significant familial history of glaucoma in POAG and OHT groups suggests that genetic factors may be an important risk factor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Corneal thickness, myopia, ocular hypertension, primary open angle glaucoma, smoking

Etik Beyan

The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey (Protocol No: 2014/680) and all procedures were applied in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Primer Açık Açılı Glokomlu ve Oküler Hipertansiyonlu Hastalarda Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Primer açık açılı glokomlu (PAAG) olguları ve Oküler Hipertansiyonlu (OHT) olguları yaş, cinsiyet, göz içi basıncı (GİB), santral kornea kalınlığı (SKK), sferik ekivalan değeri, sigara içiciliği, aile hikayesi ve ek sistemik hastalık mevcudiyeti açısından karşılaştırmak ve bu verilerin birbiriyle olan ilişkisini değerlendirmek.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 40 PAAG'li ve 40 OHT'li olgu, hasta grubu ve glokomu olmayan 40 olgu kontrol grubu olarak kabul edildi. Yaş, cinsiyet, GİB, SKK, sferik ekivalan değeri, soygeçmişte glokom hikayesi, ebeveynler arası akraba evliliği hikayesi, sigara kullanımı ve ilave sistemik hastalıklar kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Cinsiyet dağılımı ve yaş ortalaması açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark görülmedi. PAAG ve OHT gruplarında GİB kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek iken PAAG ve OHT grupları arasındaki fark ise anlamlı değildi. OHT grubunda ortalama SKK değeri, PAAG ve kontrol gruplarına göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. GİB ile SKK arasında istatistiksel analizde anlamlı korelasyon tespit edilmedi. Sferik ekivalan ortalama değerleri yönünden gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı. Hipertansiyon, diyabetes mellitus, koroner arter hastalığı insidansı yönünden gruplar arasında farklılık yoktu. PAAG ve OHT gruplarında pozitif aile hikayesi oranı, kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı yüksekti. Gruplar arasında akraba evliliği hikayesi yönünden anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi. Sigara kullanım öyküsü açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark izlenmedi.
Sonuç: PAAG ve OHT gruplarında yüksek GİB en önemli risk faktörüdür. PAAG ve OHT gruplarında anlamlı derecede ailesel glokom öyküsüne rastlanması genetik faktörlerin önemli bir risk faktörü olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kornea kalınlığı, miyopi, oküler hipertansiyon, primer açık açılı glokom, sigara

Kaynakça

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